Epidemiology, Demographics, and Pathophysiology of Acute Spinal Cord Injury

Apoptosis, oncosis, and necrosis. An overview of cell death.

1995 • 3,325 citations

A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Methylprednisolone or Naloxone in the Treatment of Acute Spinal-Cord Injury

1990 • 2,629 citations

Review of the secondary injury theory of acute spinal cord trauma with emphasis on vascular mechanisms

1991 • 1,519 citations

Apoptosis: Mechanisms and Roles in Pathology

1991 • 1,368 citations

Administration of methylprednisolone for 24 or 48 hours or tirilazad mesylate for 48 hours in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury. Results of the Third National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Randomized Controlled Trial. National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study

1997 • 1,201 citations

Apoptosis and delayed degeneration after spinal cord injury in rats and monkeys

1997 • 1,147 citations

Administration of Methylprednisolone for 24 or 48 Hours or Tirilazad Mesylate for 48 Hours in the Treatment of Acute Spinal Cord Injury

1997 • 1,089 citations

Apoptosis

1993 • 972 citations

Neuronal and Glial Apoptosis after Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

1997 • 901 citations

Activation and Cleavage of Caspase-3 in Apoptosis Induced by Experimental Cerebral Ischemia

1998 • 899 citations

SURGERY OF EXPERIMENTAL LESION OF SPINAL CORD EQUIVALENT TO CRUSH INJURY OF FRACTURE DISLOCATION OF SPINAL COLUMN

1911 • 726 citations

Methylprednisolone or naloxone treatment after acute spinal cord injury: 1-year follow-up data

1992 • 716 citations

Efficacy of Methylprednisolone in Acute Spinal Cord Injury

1984 • 546 citations

Secondary Cell Death and the Inflammatory Reaction After Dorsal Hemisection of the Rat Spinal Cord

1994 • 531 citations

Methylprednisolone or tirilazad mesylate administration after acute spinal cord injury: 1-year follow up

1998 • 519 citations

Evidence of apoptotic cell death after experimental traumatic brain injury in the rat.

1995 • 517 citations

Update on the Pathophysiology and Pathology of Acute Spinal Cord Injury

1995 • 461 citations

Activation of the caspase-3 apoptotic cascade in traumatic spinal cord injury

1999 • 449 citations

Apoptosis after traumatic human spinal cord injury

1998 • 435 citations

Oligodendroglial apoptosis occurs along degenerating axons and is associated with FAS and p75 expression following spinal cord injury in the rat

2001 • 389 citations

A potential role for excitotoxins in the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury

1988 • 377 citations

Apoptosis of microglia and oligodendrocytes after spinal cord contusion in rats

1997 • 371 citations

Vascular mechanisms in the pathophysiology of human spinal cord injury

1997 • 353 citations

Effects of timing of methylprednisolone or naloxone administration on recovery of segmental and long-tract neurological function in NASCIS 2

1993 • 337 citations

Methylprednisolone and neurological function 1 year after spinal cord injury

1985 • 332 citations

Incidence of traumatic spinal cord lesions

1975 • 326 citations

Effect of high-dose corticosteroid therapy on blood flow, evoked potentials, and extracellular calcium in experimental spinal injury

1982 • 319 citations

Does oligodendrocyte survival depend on axons?

1993 • 291 citations

Mechanisms of secondary injury to spinal cord axons in vitro: role of Na+, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, the Na(+)-H+ exchanger, and the Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger

1996 • 275 citations

Pathophysiology of spinal cord trauma

1993 • 261 citations

Apoptosis and Expression of Bcl-2 after Compression Trauma to Rat Spinal Cord

1996 • 259 citations

Effects of intravenous methylprednisolone on spinal cord lipid peroxidation and (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity

1982 • 249 citations

Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Improves Neurologic Recovery after Spinal Trauma in Cats

1981 • 248 citations

REMARKS ON THE HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE SPINAL CORD DUE TO IMPACT. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

1914 • 240 citations

Glucocorticoid mechanisms in acute spinal cord injury: A review and therapeutic rationale

1982 • 239 citations

Apoptosis in the nervous system in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

1991 • 229 citations

Role of NMDA and Non-NMDA Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in Traumatic Spinal Cord Axonal Injury

1997 • 227 citations

Incidence, Characteristics, and Outcome of Spinal Cord Injury at Trauma Centers in North America

1993 • 217 citations

Lipid Hydrolysis and Peroxidation in Injured Spinal Cord: Partial Protection with Methylprednisolone or Vitamin E and Selenium

1985 • 206 citations

Pathology of experimental spinal cord trauma. II. Ultrastructure of axons and myelin.

1978 • 205 citations

Effect of acute spinal cord compression injury on regional spinal cord blood flow in primates

1976 • 197 citations

Posterior plates in the management of cervical instability: long-term results in 44 patients

1994 • 197 citations

Effects of a single large dose of methylprednisolone sodium succinate on experimental posttraumatic spinal cord ischemia

1984 • 193 citations

Further studies on free-radical pathology in the major central nervous system disorders: effect of very high doses of methylprednisolone on the functional outcome, morphology, and chemistry of experimental spinal cord impact injury

1982 • 187 citations

Spinal cord injury. Review of basic and applied research.

1981 • 186 citations

Potassium and calcium changes in injured spinal cords

1986 • 186 citations

Cause of death for patients with spinal cord injuries

1989 • 185 citations

Regional spinal cord blood flow in rats after severe cord trauma

1978 • 185 citations

Microvascular perfusion and metabolism in injured spinal cord after methylprednisolone treatment

1982 • 181 citations

Cervical Sagittal Spinal Canal Size in Spine Injury

1984 • 180 citations

Correlation Between Histopathologic Features and Magnetic Resonance Images of Spinal Cord Lesions

1993 • 176 citations

The Optimal Radiologic Method for Assessing Spinal Canal Compromise and Cord Compression in Patients With Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

1999 • 172 citations

Effects of Methylprednisolone and the Combination of α‐Tocopherol and Selenium on Arachidonic Acid Metabolism and Lipid Peroxidation in Traumatized Spinal Cord Tissue

1987 • 166 citations

The epidemiology and economics of spinal cord injury

1987 • 165 citations

The effect of nimodipine and dextran on axonal function and blood flow following experimental spinal cord injury

1989 • 160 citations

Spinal Cord Injury

1981 • 157 citations

Trends in spinal cord injury demographics and treatment outcomes between 1973 and 1986.

1992 • 152 citations

Epidemiology of spinal cord injury

1975 • 150 citations

Predictors of hospital mortality and mechanical ventilation in patients with cervical spinal cord injury

1998 • 148 citations

Review of experimental spinal cord injury with emphasis on the local and systemic circulatory effects.

1991 • 147 citations

Apoptosis as a mechanism of neuronal cell death following acute experimental spinal cord injury

1998 • 143 citations

Loss of autoregulation and posttraumatic ischemia following experimental spinal cord trauma

1979 • 143 citations

Spinal cord blood flow and systemic blood pressure after experimental spinal cord injury in rats.

1989 • 141 citations

Prognostic factors for 12-year survival after spinal cord injury.

1992 • 140 citations

Local spinal cord blood flow in experimental traumatic myelopathy

1975 • 133 citations

Altered blood flow and secondary injury in experimental spinal cord trauma

1978 • 132 citations

Spinal Shock

1996 • 127 citations

Programmed Cell Death in the Developing Nervous System

1996 • 120 citations

Correlation Between Attenuation of Posttraumatic Spinal Cord Ischemia and Preservation of Tissue Vitamin E by the 21-Aminosteroid U74006F: Evidence for anIn VivoAntioxidant Mechanism

1989 • 120 citations

Spinal cord blood flow after acute experimental cord injury in dogs

1976 • 116 citations

Altered norepinephrine metabolism following experimental spinal cord injury

1972 • 114 citations

Prevalence of Spinal Cord Injury

1980 • 112 citations

Blood flow in normal and injured monkey spinal cord

1975 • 111 citations

Changes in epidemiology of acute spinal cord injury from 1947 to 1981

1993 • 110 citations

Spinal cord energy metabolism following compression trauma to the feline spinal cord

1980 • 97 citations

Three-dimensional analysis of the vascular system in the rat spinal cord with scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts. Part 2: Acute spinal cord injury.

1993 • 97 citations

Spine-Spinal Cord Relationships in Spinal Cord Trauma

1983 • 94 citations

The disturbance of circulation in traumatic paraplegia in acute and late stages: A pathological study

1965 • 91 citations

Comparison of early and late naloxone treatment in experimental spinal injury

1982 • 91 citations

Microangiographic observations of the experimentally traumatized spinal cord

1971 • 87 citations

Experimental traumatic paraplegia. The vascular and pathological changes seen in reversible and irreversible spinal-cord lesions.

1971 • 87 citations

Vascular permeability to protein and vasogenic oedema in experimental concussive injuries to the canine spinal cord

1974 • 86 citations

The biomechanics of spinal injuries.

1984 • 84 citations

A review and update of experiment and clinical studies of spinal cord injury

1983 • 84 citations

Vascular permeability in experimental spinal cord injury

1985 • 83 citations

Effect of trauma dose on spinal cord edema

1981 • 82 citations

Relationship between Posttraumatic Ischemia and Hemorrhage in the Injured Rat Spinal Cord as Shown by Colloidal Carbon Angiography

1986 • 79 citations

Complications and costs of management of acute spinal cord injury

1993 • 78 citations

Evaluation of the calcium channel antagonist nimodipine in experimental spinal cord ischemia

1984 • 74 citations

TRAUMATIC SPINAL CORD INJURY IN OLMSTED COUNTY, MINNESOTA, 1935–19811

1985 • 74 citations

Experimental Traumatic Paraplegia

1971 • 74 citations

New estimates of the direct costs of traumatic spinal cord injuries: results of a nationwide survey

1992 • 72 citations

Acute Cardiovascular Effects of Experimental Spinal Cord Injury

1988 • 72 citations

Role of monoamines in experimental spinal cord injury in rats

1985 • 71 citations

Rehospitalization after initial rehabilitation for acute spinal cord injury: incidence and risk factors.

1990 • 68 citations

Silicone Rubber Microangiography of Acute Spinal Cord Injury in the Rat

1993 • 65 citations

Apoptosis in brain-specific autoimmune disease

1995 • 64 citations

Epidemiology of spinal cord injury in the Rhône-Alpes region, France, 1970-75

1978 • 63 citations

Functional Outcome Following Spinal Cord Injury

1989 • 63 citations

Three-dimensional analysis of the vascular system in the rat spinal cord with scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts. Part 1: Normal spinal cord.

1993 • 62 citations

Loss of Ascorbic Acid from Injured Feline Spinal Cord

1983 • 60 citations

Nonhemorrhagic venous infarction of the spinal cord

1984 • 58 citations

A Model for the Future Care of Acute Spinal Cord Injuries

1975 • 57 citations

The prognosis of patients sustaining severe cervical spine injury (C2-C7 inclusive)

1980 • 56 citations

MICROCIRCULATION OF TRAUMATIZED SPINAL CORD A Correlation of Microangiography and Blood Flow Patterns In Transitory and Permanent Paraplegia

1975 • 55 citations

Biomechanical responses to open experimental spinal cord injury.

1975 • 54 citations

New estimates of traumatic SCI prevalence: a survey-based approach

1990 • 52 citations

Mortality, survival and prevalence: Traumatic spinal cord injury in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1935–1981

1985 • 48 citations

Superoxide radicals play important roles in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury

1995 • 46 citations

Morphological evidence of microcirculatory disturbances in experimental spinal cord trauma.

1978 • 45 citations

Effect of sympathectomy on spinal blood flow autoregulation and posttraumatic ischemia

1982 • 44 citations

Incidence of traumatic paraplegia and tetraplegia in Norway: a statistical survey of the years 1974 and 1975

1978 • 44 citations

Epidemiology, Physiopathology, and Experimental Therapeutics of Acute Spinal Cord Injury

1987 • 43 citations

Trends in the treatment of patients with spinal cord lesions seen within a period of 20 years in German centers

1997 • 42 citations

PARAMAGNETIC SPECIES AND RADICAL PRODUCTS IN CAT SPINAL CORD *

1973 • 41 citations

Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Vascular System in the Rat Spinal Cord with Scanning Electron Microscopy of Vascular Corrosion Casts. Part 2

1993 • 41 citations

Local blood flow, oxygen tension, and oxygen consumption in the rat spinal cord

1983 • 40 citations

IDEALIZED CARE OF THE ACUTELY INJURED SPINAL CORD IN SWITZERLAND

1977 • 40 citations

Local hypothermia in experimental spinal cord trauma.

1978 • 36 citations

Spinal Cord Injury in the United States: A Statistical Update

1985 • 34 citations

In Vivo Bcl-2 Oncogene Neuronal Expression in the Rat Spinal Cord

1998 • 31 citations

The role of the sympathetic nervous system in pressor responses induced by spinal injury

1980 • 30 citations

Epidemiologic features of head and spinal cord injury.

1978 • 27 citations

Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Vascular System in the Rat Spinal Cord with Scanning Electron Microscopy of Vascular Corrosion Casts. Part 1

1993 • 26 citations

Injuries to the Spine

1984 • 25 citations

Initial stabilization and medical management of acute spinal cord injury.

1996 • 24 citations

Post-Traumatic Spinal Cord Ischemia: Relationship to Injury Severity and Physiological Parameters

1987 • 24 citations

Intramedullary blood flow patterns in transitory traumatic paraplegia.

1973 • 22 citations

Vascular permeability changes in the contused feline spinal cord

1979 • 20 citations

Microangiographic study of spinal cord injury and myelopathy

1989 • 20 citations

Effect of Multiple Trauma on Mortality and Neurological Recovery after Spinal Cord or Cauda Equina Injury

1988 • 13 citations

Effects of deep barbiturate coma on acute spinal cord injury in the cat

1984 • 12 citations

Spinal cord injury: associated general trauma and medical complications.

1979 • 7 citations

LES NERFS DU COEUR CHEZ LES TABÉTIQUES

1904 • 7 citations

Acute spinal cord injury patients—Who cares?

1985 • 7 citations

Death from natural and unnatural causes

1991 • 6 citations