Endogenous control of epilepsy: The nigral inhibitory system

Limbic seizures produced by pilocarpine in rats: Behavioural, electroencephalographic and neuropathological study

1983 • 1,082 citations

The Epidemiology of Epilepsy in Rochester, Minnesota, 1935 Through 1967

1975 • 1,064 citations

The thalamus as a neuronal oscillator

1984 • 917 citations

GABA‐Benzodiazepine‐Barbiturate Receptor Interactions

1981 • 910 citations

Which animal models should be used in the search for new antiepileptic drugs? A proposal based on experimental and clinical considerations

1988 • 822 citations

Demonstration and mapping out of nigro-neostriatal dopamine neurons

1964 • 796 citations

Neuronal activities in brain-stem cholinergic nuclei related to tonic activation processes in thalamocortical systems

1990 • 779 citations

GABA neurons are the major cell type of the nucleus reticularis thalami

1980 • 667 citations

Cholinergic systems in the rat brain: III. Projections from the pontomesencephalic tegmentum to the thalamus, tectum, basal ganglia, and basal forebrain

1986 • 659 citations

Electrographic, clinical and pathological alterations following systemic administration of kainic acid, bicuculline or pentetrazole: Metabolic mapping using the deoxyglucose method with special reference to the pathology of epilepsy

1981 • 654 citations

Animal models of the epilepsies

1989 • 636 citations

Substantia Nigra: Site of Anticonvulsant Activity Mediated by γ-Aminobutyric Acid

1982 • 601 citations

The origins of cholinergic and other subcortical afferents to the thalamus in the rat

1987 • 587 citations

Some aspects of the organization of the thalamic reticular complex

1975 • 578 citations

Normalization of extracellular dopamine in striatum following recovery from a partial unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of the substantia nigra: a microdialysis study in freely moving rats

1988 • 516 citations

Reticularis thalami neurons revisited: activity changes during shifts in states of vigilance

1986 • 434 citations

Disinhibition as a basic process in the expression of striatal functions. I. The striato-nigral influence on tecto-spinal/tecto-diencephalic neurons

1985 • 425 citations

Evidence for a gabaergic projection from the substantia nigra to the ventromedial thalamus and to the superior colliculus of the rat

1979 • 397 citations

Paradoxical GABA excitation of nigral dopaminergic cells: Indirect mediation through reticulata inhibitory neurons

1979 • 393 citations

4‐Amino‐hex‐5‐enoic Acid, a Selective Catalytic Inhibitor of 4‐Aminobutyric‐Acid Aminotransferase in Mammalian Brain

1977 • 375 citations

A role for GABAB receptors in excitation and inhibition of thalamocortical cells

1991 • 354 citations

Nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus: Efferent connections with special reference to the basal ganglia, studied in the rat by anterograde and retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase

1983 • 307 citations

Evidence implicating substantia nigra in regulation of kindled seizure threshold

1984 • 301 citations

Substantia nigra projections to the reticular formation, superior colliculus and central gray in the rat, cat and monkey

1976 • 294 citations

Spontaneous paroxysmal electroclinical patterns in rat: A model of generalized non-convulsive epilepsy

1982 • 285 citations

Involvement of intrathalamic GABAb neurotransmission in the control of absence seizures in the rat

1992 • 255 citations

The GABA and substance P input to dopaminergic neurones in the substantia nigra of the rat

1990 • 254 citations

Anatomical correlates of electrical and behavioral events related to amygdaloid kindling

1978 • 247 citations

The organization of the efferent projections of the substantia nigra in the rat. A retrograde fluorescent double labeling study

1979 • 235 citations

Increased seizure susceptibility of the immature brain

1983 • 226 citations

Sources of subcortical GABAergic projections to the superior colliculus in the cat

1990 • 215 citations

A Model of Chronic Spontaneous Petit Mal‐like Seizures in the Rat: Comparison with Pentylenetetrazol‐Induced Seizures

1984 • 212 citations

Electrophysiological properties of pedunculopontine neurons and their postsynaptic responses following stimulation of substantia nigra reticulata

1990 • 205 citations

The lamellar organization of the rat substantia nigra pars reticulata: Distribution of projection neurons

1992 • 201 citations

Neurons of the substantia nigra reticulata receive a dense GABA-containing input from the globus pallidus in the rat

1989 • 200 citations

Neurochemical evidence for a nigrotegmental GABAergic projection

1983 • 194 citations

Evidence for a GABAergic nigrothalamic pathway in the rat

1980 • 193 citations

Mechanisms of seizure control mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid: role of the substantia nigra.

1985 • 191 citations

Evidence for a GABAergic inhibitory nigrotectal pathway in the rat

1981 • 189 citations

Role of forebrain catecholamines in amygdaloid kindling

1980 • 187 citations

Characterization of susceptibility to audiogenic seizures in ethanol-dependent rats after microinjection of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists into the inferior colliculus, substantia nigra or medial septum.

1983 • 186 citations

Role of the brain-stem reticular formation in tonic-clonic seizures: lesion and pharmacological studies.

1985 • 184 citations

Evidence for a critical role of GABAergic transmission within the thalamus in the genesis and control of absence seizures in the rat

1991 • 176 citations

Cortical and thalamic lesions in rats with genetic absence epilepsy

1992 • 171 citations

Evidence for a GABAergic nigrothalamic pathway in the rat

1980 • 171 citations

Kindling of audiogenic seizures in Wistar rats: An EEG study

1987 • 170 citations

GABAergic mechanisms in the pathogenesis and treatment of epilepsy.

1989 • 170 citations

Spontaneous spike and wave discharges in thalamus and cortex in a rat model of genetic petit mal-like seizures

1987 • 166 citations

A PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDY OF EPILEPTIC SEIZURES FOLLOWING CORTICAL STIMULATION IN ANIMALS AND ITS APPLICATION TO HUMAN CLINICS

1952 • 160 citations

Mapping of spontaneous spike and wave discharges in Wistar rats with genetic generalized non-convulsive epilepsy

1990 • 156 citations

Substantia nigra-mediated anticonvulsant actions: Role of nigral output pathways

1987 • 155 citations

ELECTROCLINICAL FEATURES OF CONVULSIONS INDUCED BY STIMULATION OF BRAIN STEM

1958 • 145 citations

Calcium‐Dependent Regulation of Genetically Determined Spike and Waves by the Reticular Thalamic Nucleus of Rats

1993 • 143 citations

Excitatory neurotransmission within substantia nigra pars reticulata regulates threshold for seizures produced by pilocarpine in rats: Effects of intranigral 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoate and n-methyl-d-aspartate

1986 • 143 citations

Lesions of substantia nigra protect against experimentally induced seizures

1983 • 140 citations

The cortico-nigral projection: reduced glutamate content in the substantia nigra following frontal cortex ablation in the rat

1984 • 133 citations

Differential modulation of striatal dopamine release by intranigral injection of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), dynorphin A and substance P

1988 • 133 citations

Anticonvulsant action of 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid in the substantia nigra

1984 • 124 citations

Abortive amygdaloid kindled seizures following micro-injection of γ-vinyl-GABA in the vicinity of substantia nigra in rats

1983 • 123 citations

Evidence that substantia nigra is crucial to neural network of kindled seizures

1983 • 122 citations

VII. Neuroanatomical localization of structures responsible for seizures in the GEPR: Lesion studies

1986 • 120 citations

GABA in Epilepsy: The Pharmacologic Basis

1989 • 116 citations

Long collateral branches of substantia nigra pars reticulata axons to thalamus, superior colliculus and reticular formation in monkey and cat. Multiple retrograde neuronal labeling with fluorescent dyes

1983 • 116 citations

Excitant amino acids and audiogenic seizures in the genetically epilepsy-prone rat. I. Afferent seizure initiation pathway

1988 • 114 citations

Intranigral muscimol suppresses ethanol withdrawal seizures

1984 • 114 citations

Changes in dynorphin, enkephalin and cholecystokinin content of hippocampus and substantia nigra after amygdala kindling

1986 • 113 citations

Neuroanatomical studies of the nigrotectal projection in the cat

1988 • 113 citations

The role of the nigrotegmental GABAergic pathway in the propagation of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures

1989 • 112 citations

Evidence for impaired GABAergic activity in the substantia nigra of amygdaloid kindled rats

1985 • 109 citations

Suppressive effects of intranigral injection of muscimol in three models of generalized non-convulsive epilepsy induced by chemical agents

1989 • 109 citations

Functional mapping of limbic seizures originating in the hippocampus: a combined 2-deoxyglucose and electrophysiologic study

1985 • 105 citations

Dopamine-sensitive anticonvulsant site in the rat striatum

1988 • 103 citations

Susceptibility to seizures produced by pilocarpine in rats after microinjection of isonnazid or γ-vinyl-GABA into the substantia nigra

1986 • 102 citations

The nigrotectal projection and tectospinal neurons in the rat. a light and electron microscopic study demonstrating a monosynaptic nigral input to identified tectospinal neurons

1988 • 102 citations

Inhibitory substantia nigra inputs to the pedunculopontine neurons

1991 • 101 citations

The reciprocal electrophysiological influence between the nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus and the substantia nigra in normal and decorticated rats

1987 • 100 citations

Further evidence for abnormal GABAergic circuits in amygdala-kindled rats

1987 • 97 citations

Relationship between spike-wave discharges and vigilance levels in rats with spontaneous petit mal-like epilepsy

1988 • 96 citations

Paradoxical anticonvulsant activity of the excitatory amino acid N-methyl-D-aspartate in the rat caudate-putamen.

1987 • 94 citations

Activation of substantia nigra neurons: role in the propagation of seizures in kindled rats

1986 • 93 citations

Evidence that activation of GABA receptors in the substantia nigra suppresses spontaneous spike-and-wave discharges in the rat

1988 • 91 citations

Functional anatomy of pentylenetetrazol and electroshock seizures in the rat brainstem

1987 • 89 citations

Nigral muscimol infusions facilitate the development of seizures in immature rats

1984 • 87 citations

Effects of drugs affecting dopaminergic neurotransmission in rats with spontaneous petit mal-like seizures

1988 • 87 citations

Anterior thalamus and substantia nigra: two distinct structures mediating experimental generalized seizures

1986 • 86 citations

Evidence for the involvement of nigral GABAB receptors in seizures of rat pups

1989 • 84 citations

Excitant amino acids and audiogenic seizures in the genetically epilepsy-prone rat. II. Efferent seizure propagating pathway

1988 • 81 citations

Anticonvulsant and proconvulsant effects of inhibitors of GABA degradation in the amygdala-kindling model

1989 • 81 citations

Valproate enhances GABA turnover in the substantia nigra

1989 • 80 citations

Pyriform cortex involvement in kindling

1989 • 79 citations

The Substantia Nigra is an Important Site for the Containment of Seizure Generalization in the Kindling Model of Epilepsy

1987 • 79 citations

Anticonvulsant action of GABA receptor blockade in the nigrotectal target region

1989 • 71 citations

Seizures evoked from area tempestas are subject to control by GABA and glutamate receptors in substantia nigra

1989 • 71 citations

Inhibitory control by substantia nigra of generalized epilepsy in the cat

1988 • 71 citations

Striatal dopamine release and contraversive rotation elicited by intranigrally applied muscimol

1978 • 71 citations

Benzodiazepine/gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor deficit in the midbrain of the seizure-susceptible gerbil.

1985 • 70 citations

Evidence for the involvement of nigral GABAA receptors in seizures of adult rats

1989 • 69 citations

Substantia nigra pars reticulata projects to the reticular thalamic nucleus of the cat: a morphological and electrophysiological study

1990 • 69 citations

In vivo effects of aminooxyacetic acid and valproic acid on nerve terminal (synaptosomal) GABA levels in discrete brain areas of the rat

1985 • 66 citations

Effect of microinjections of γ-vinyl GABA or isoniazid into substantia nigra on the development of amygdala kindling in rats

1987 • 65 citations

Distribution and morphology of tegmental neurons receiving nigral inhibitory inputs in the cat: An intracellular HRP study

1986 • 65 citations

The role of mesencephalic and thalamic arousal systems in experimental seizures

1992 • 62 citations

The GABAergic striatonigral neurons of the cat: demonstration by double peroxidase labeling

1986 • 62 citations

2-Amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid (2-APH) infusion into entopeduncular nucleus protects against limbic seizures in rats

1986 • 61 citations

Decrease of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)-immunoreactive nerve terminals in the substantia nigra after kainic acid lesion of the striatum.

1981 • 60 citations

Nigral infusions of muscimol or bicuculline facilitate seizures in developing rats

1987 • 59 citations

Spontaneous Spike-and-Wave Discharges in Wistar Rats: A Model of Genetic Generalized Nonconvulsive Epilepsy

1990 • 59 citations

Intranigral muscimol attenuates electrographic signs of seizure activity induced by intravenous bicuculline in rats

1986 • 59 citations

Intrastriatal N-methyl-d-aspartate prevents amygdala kindled seizures in rats

1986 • 58 citations

Involvement of the nigral output pathways in the inhibitory control of the substantia nigra over generalized non-convulsive seizures in the rat

1990 • 58 citations

Sensory‐motor processing in substantia nigra pars reticulata in conscious cats.

1984 • 58 citations

Oral movements induced by interference with nigral GABA neurotransmission: Relationship to tardive dyskinesias

1988 • 57 citations

The Propagation of Cortical and Subcortical Epileptic Discharge*

1954 • 56 citations

Differential decrease of GABA in the substantia nigra and other discrete regions of the rabbit brain during the preictal period of methoxypyridoxine-induced seizures

1976 • 55 citations

Organization and physiology of thesubstantia nigra

1992 • 55 citations

THE CONVULSION THRESHOLD OF VARIOUS PARTS OF THE CAT'S BRAIN

1936 • 55 citations

Intranigral gaba antagonists produce dopamine-independence biting in rats

1980 • 55 citations

Infusion of opiates into substantia nigra protects against maximal electroshock seizures in rats.

1985 • 54 citations

The basal ganglia, the deep prepyriform cortex, and seizure spread: bicuculline is anticonvulsant in the rat striatum.

1989 • 53 citations

Nigral inputs to the pedunculopontine region: intracellular analysis

1984 • 53 citations

Anticonvulsant role of nigrotectal projection in the maximal electroshock model of epilepsy—I. Mapping of dorsal midbrain with bicuculline

1992 • 52 citations

Anticonvulsant role of nigrotectal projection in the maximal electroshock model of epilepsy—II. Pathways from substantia nigra pars lateralis and adjacent peripeduncular area to the dorsal midbrain

1992 • 50 citations

Local cerebral glucose utilization in rats with petit mal–like seizures

1991 • 50 citations

Anti-epileptic effects of focal micro-injection of excitatory amino acid antagonists

1988 • 49 citations

Blockade of GABA receptors in superior colliculus protects against focally evoked limbic motor seizures

1993 • 49 citations

Effects of anticonvulsant drugs on substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons.

1986 • 48 citations

The role of substantia nigra in the development of kindling: pharmacologic and lesion studies

1987 • 44 citations

Suppression of spontaneous generalized non-convulsive seizures in the rat by microinjection of GABA antagonists into the superior colliculus

1990 • 42 citations

Activation of substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons: role in the initiation and behavioral expression of kindled seizures

1991 • 41 citations

Age-related substantia nigra-mediated seizure facilitation

1986 • 41 citations

Injection of benzodiazepines but not GABA or muscimol into pars reticulata of substantia nigra suppresses pentylenetetrazol seizures

1989 • 40 citations

Effect of dopamine agonists on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) turnover in the superior colliculus: evidence that nigrotectal GABA projections are under the influence of dopaminergic transmission.

1983 • 36 citations

Substantia nigra regulates action of antiepileptic drugs

1990 • 36 citations

Damage of substantia nigra pars reticulata during pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in the rat: immunohistochemical study of neurons, astrocytes and serum-protein extravasation

1991 • 36 citations

Suppression of methionine sulfoximine seizures by intranigral γ-vinyl GABA injection

1987 • 34 citations

Potentiation of γ-vinyl GABA (vigabatrin) effects by glycine

1990 • 34 citations

Substantia nigra-mediated anticonvulsant action: a possible role of a dopaminergic component

1990 • 34 citations

Microinjection of a benzodiazepine into substantia nigra elevates kindled seizure threshold

1987 • 33 citations

The basal ganglia, the deep prepyriform cortex, and seizure spread : bicuculline is anticonvulsant in the rat striatum

1989 • 30 citations

Intranigral dynorphin-1-13 suppresses kindled seizures by a naloxone-insensitive mechanism

1987 • 30 citations

The GABAergic nigro-collicular pathway is not involved in the inhibitory control of audiogenic seizures in the rat

1990 • 29 citations

Age-related changes of muscimol binding in the substantia nigra

1988 • 29 citations

Stimulation of substantia nigra pars reticulata suppresses neocortical seizures

1992 • 29 citations

Neurotransmission in the pedunculopontine nucleus and pilocarpine-induced motor limbic seizures in rats

1987 • 28 citations

Drug-induced changes in GABA content of nerve endings in 11 rat brain regions. Correlation to pharmacological effects

1984 • 28 citations

Effects of substantia nigra γ-vinyl-GABA infusions on flurothyl seizures in adult rats

1991 • 27 citations

Age‐Dependent Differences in the Anticonvulsant Effects of 2–Amino‐7‐Phosphono‐Heptanoic Acid or Ketamine Infusions Into the Substantia Nigra of Rats

1992 • 26 citations

Intratectal glutamate suppresses pentylenetetrazole-induced spike-and-wave discharges

1988 • 26 citations

Selective Changes in GABAergic Transmission in Substantia Nigra and Superior Colliculus Caused by Ethanol and Ethanol Withdrawal

1992 • 26 citations

In vivo release of newly synthesized [3H]GABA in the substantia nigra of the rat: relative contribution of GABA striato-pallido-nigral afferents and nigral GABA neurons

1991 • 26 citations

Substantia nigra and pentylenetetrazol threshold in rats: Correlation with striatal dopamine metabolism

1979 • 25 citations

Lack of proconvulsant action of GABA depletion in substantia nigra in several seizure models

1991 • 25 citations

Neuronal activity, amino acid concentration and amino acid release in the substantia nigra of the rat after sodium valproate

1989 • 25 citations

Anticonvulsant actions and interaction of GABA agonists and a benzodiazepine in pars reticulata of substantia nigra

1991 • 25 citations

Selective stimulation of kainate but not quisqualate or NMDA receptors in substantia nigra evokes limbic motor seizures

1990 • 25 citations

Laminar organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata in the cat

1990 • 22 citations

Substantia nigra and motor control in the rat: effect of intranigral α-kainate and γ-d-glutamylaminomethylsulphonate on motility

1987 • 20 citations

Selective bilateral destruction of substantia nigra has no effect on kindled seizures induced from stimulation of amygdala or piriform cortex in rats

1990 • 20 citations

The density of GABAB binding sites in the substantia nigra is greater in rat pups than in adults

1992 • 20 citations

Disturbed GABAergic transmission in mutant Han-Wistar rats: Further evidence for basal ganglia dysfunction

1985 • 20 citations

Ventromedial thalamic lesions and seizure susceptibility

1985 • 20 citations

The proconvulsant effect of nigral infusions of THIP on flurothyl-induced seizures in rat pups

1992 • 19 citations

Substantia nigra single unit activity during penicillin-induced focal cortical epileptiform discharge in the rat

1983 • 18 citations

Infusion of bicuculline methiodide into the tectum: model specificity of pro- and anticonvulsant actions

1992 • 18 citations

Effect of selective bilateral destruction of the substantia nigra on antiepileptic drug actions in kindled rats

1990 • 16 citations

Increased susceptibility of detelencephalated rats to audiogenic seizures induced by microinjection of bicuculline into the inferior colliculus.

1989 • 16 citations

Muscimol and γ-hydroxybutyrate: Similar interactions with convulsant agents

1981 • 15 citations

Evidence implicating alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the anticonvulsant action of intranigral muscimol.

1987 • 15 citations

Anti-pentylenetetrazol effect of intranigral 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoate attenuated by muscimol

1991 • 14 citations

Anticonvulsant effect of muscimol injected into the thalamus of spontaneously epileptic Mongolian gerbils

1989 • 14 citations

Kindling does not cause persistent changes in firing rates or transmitter sensitivities of substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons

1988 • 12 citations

Catecholaminergic systems and amygdala kindling development. Effects of bilateral lesions of substantia nigra dopaminergic or locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurones

1990 • 12 citations

Role de l'hippocampe, de l'amygdale et de la substance noire dans l'evolution des etats de mal epileptiques induits par injection systemique d'acide kainique chez le rat

1984 • 12 citations

Is the anticonvulsant effect of substantia nigra infusion of gamma-vinyl-GABA (GVG) mediated by the GABAA receptor in rat pups?

1991 • 10 citations

Facilitation of premotor cortical seizure development by intranigral muscimol

1987 • 9 citations

Evidence that superior colliculi are involved in the control of amygdala-kindled seizures

1990 • 7 citations

Effects of intranigral application of clinically-effective anticonvulsants on electroshock-induced seizures

1989 • 6 citations

Bilateral microinjection of ethosuximide into the substantia nigra does not prevent amygdala-kindled seizures.

1990 • 2 citations

Étude neuropharmacologique du contrôle inhibiteur par la substance noire des crises d'épilepsie généralisée non convulsive chez le rat

1990 • 2 citations