Dose calculations for external photon beams in radiotherapy

MCNP-A General Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code

1993 • 5,155 citations

Fast calculation of the exact radiological path for a three-dimensional CT array

1985 • 1,454 citations

BEAM: A Monte Carlo code to simulate radiotherapy treatment units

1995 • 1,409 citations

Nuclear Reactor Theory

1952 • 1,381 citations

Introduction to Radiological Physics and Radiation Dosimetry

1991 • 1,142 citations

The Egs4 Code System

1985 • 1,106 citations

Bremsstrahlung Cross-Section Formulas and Related Data

1959 • 1,096 citations

Tomotherapy: A new concept for the delivery of dynamic conformal radiotherapy

1993 • 1,041 citations

American Association of Physicists in Medicine Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group 53: Quality assurance for clinical radiotherapy treatment planning

1998 • 875 citations

Collapsed cone convolution of radiant energy for photon dose calculation in heterogeneous media

1989 • 672 citations

Tumour and Normal Tissue Responses to Fractionated Non-uniform Dose Delivery

1992 • 546 citations

Commissioning and quality assurance of treatment planning computers

1993 • 543 citations

A convolution method of calculating dose for 15‐MV x rays

1985 • 524 citations

Monte Carlo techniques in medical radiation physics

1991 • 519 citations

Dosimetric Precision Requirements in Radiation Therapy

1984 • 518 citations

Energy and angular distributions of photons from medical linear accelerators

1985 • 509 citations

Determination of Absorbed Dose in a Patient Irradiated by Beams of X or Gamma Rays in Radiotherapy Procedures

1977 • 499 citations

Presta: The parameter reduced electron-step transport algorithm for electron monte carlo transport

1986 • 453 citations

Multi-dimensional treatment planning: II. Beam's eye-view, back projection, and projection through CT sections

1983 • 397 citations

The generation of intensity-modulated fields for conformal radiotherapy by dynamic collimation

1992 • 345 citations

What degree of accuracy is required and can be achieved in photon and neutron therapy?

1987 • 336 citations

A pencil beam model for photon dose calculation

1992 • 322 citations

Solution of an integral equation encountered in rotation therapy

1982 • 319 citations

3D electron dose calculation using a Voxel based Monte Carlo algorithm (VMC)

1996 • 309 citations

Differential pencil beam dose computation model for photons

1986 • 286 citations

Generation of photon energy deposition kernels using the EGS Monte Carlo code

1988 • 257 citations

An Introduction to Invariant Imbedding

1976 • 256 citations

A Note on Depth Doses in Fields of Irregular Shape

1941 • 232 citations

Realization and verification of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy with modulated fields

1994 • 222 citations

Decomposition of pencil beam kernels for fast dose calculations in three‐dimensional treatment planning

1993 • 209 citations

A CT‐based Monte Carlo simulation tool for dosimetry planning and analysis

1998 • 208 citations

Multi-dimensional treatment planning: I. Delineation of anatomy

1983 • 207 citations

X‐ray sources of medical linear accelerators: Focal and extra‐focal radiation

1993 • 190 citations

An algorithm for maximizing the probability of complication-free tumour control in radiation therapy

1992 • 188 citations

An analytical solution for the dynamic control of multileaf collimators

1994 • 188 citations

Fundamental Quantities and Units for Ionizing Radiation

1998 • 180 citations

The Equivalent Tissue-Air Ratio Method for Making Absorbed Dose Calculations in a Heterogeneous Medium

1978 • 179 citations

Calculation and Application of Point Spread Functions for Treatment Planning with High Energy Photon Beams

1987 • 177 citations

MMC-a high-performance Monte Carlo code for electron beam treatment planning

1995 • 174 citations

Note on the Bragg-Gray Cavity Principle for Measuring Energy Dissipation

1954 • 172 citations

Monte Carlo Techniques of Electron and Photon Transport for Radiation Dosimetry

1990 • 167 citations

Dose calculation for photon beams with intensity modulation generated by dynamic jaw or multileaf collimations

1994 • 166 citations

Investigation of the convolution method for polyenergetic spectra

1993 • 163 citations

A photon dose distribution model employing convolution calculations

1985 • 157 citations

A software tool for the quantitative evaluation of 3D dose calculation algorithms

1998 • 153 citations

Limitations of a pencil beam approach to photon dose calculations in lung tissue

1995 • 153 citations

A generalized pencil beam algorithm for optimization of radiation therapy

1994 • 153 citations

Design Principles and Clinical Possibilities with A New Generation of Radiation Therapy Equipment: A Review

1987 • 150 citations

Automation of Radiation Treatment Planning—IV. Derivation of a Mathematical Expression for the per cent Depth Dose Surface of Cobalt 60 Beams and Visualisation of Multiple Field Dose Distributions

1964 • 148 citations

The use of adaptive radiation therapy to reduce setup error: a prospective clinical study

1998 • 144 citations

A dual source photon beam model used in convolution/superposition dose calculations for clinical megavoltage x‐ray beams

1997 • 142 citations

Dynamic multileaf collimation without `tongue-and-groove' underdosage effects

1996 • 133 citations

A Monte Carlo study of accelerator head scatter

1994 • 132 citations

Calculation of the absorbed dose distribution due to irregularly shaped photon beams using pencil beam kernels derived from basic beam data

1996 • 129 citations

Doses on the central axes of narrow 6‐MV x‐ray beams

1990 • 128 citations

The application of transit dosimetry to precision radiotherapy

1996 • 126 citations

Scatter-air ratios

1972 • 123 citations

On the condensed history technique for electron transport

1998 • 123 citations

A patient-specific Monte Carlo dose-calculation method for photon beams

1998 • 123 citations

LUNG CORRECTIONS IN COBALT 60 BEAM THERAPY.

1964 • 122 citations

Treatment Optimization Using Physical and Radiobiological Objective Functions

1995 • 120 citations

An adaptive control algorithm for optimization of intensity modulated radiotherapy considering uncertainties in beam profiles, patient set-up and internal organ motion

1998 • 120 citations

Modeling dose distributions from portal dose images using the convolution/superposition method

1996 • 119 citations

A Monte Carlo model of photon beams used in radiation therapy

1995 • 116 citations

The determination of phantom and collimator scatter components of the output of megavoltage photon beams: measurement of the collimator scatter part with a beam-coaxial narrow cylindrical phantom

1991 • 116 citations

Wedge‐shaped dose distributions by computer‐controlled collimator motion

1978 • 115 citations

Analytic modeling of photon scatter from flattening filters in photon therapy beams

1994 • 112 citations

Corrections to absorbed dose calculations for tissue inhomogeneities

1977 • 111 citations

Use of fast Fourier transforms in calculating dose distributions for irregularly shaped fields for three‐dimensional treatment planning

1987 • 108 citations

Calculation of portal dose using the convolution/superposition method

1996 • 107 citations

Extrafocal radiation: A unified approach to the prediction of beam penumbra and output factors for megavoltage x‐ray beams

1995 • 102 citations

Program IRREG — Calculation of dose from irregularly shaped radiation beams

1972 • 99 citations

A problem in rotation therapy with X Rays

1987 • 96 citations

The Variation of Scattered X-Rays with Density in an Irradiated Body

1957 • 87 citations

On methods of inhomogeneity corrections for photon transport

1990 • 86 citations

Collimator scatter in photon therapy beams

1995 • 86 citations

Determination of effective bremsstrahlung spectra and electron contamination for photon dose calculations

1989 • 85 citations

A finite‐size pencil beam model for photon dose calculations in three dimensions

1992 • 84 citations

Random sampling for evaluating treatment plans

1990 • 84 citations

The development of conformal radiation therapy

1995 • 83 citations

Quantification of the response of heterogeneous tumours and organized normal tissues to fractionated radiotherapy

1995 • 82 citations

Computed tomography with a linear accelerator with radiotherapy applications

1983 • 82 citations

The Extension of the Concept of Tissue-Air Ratios (TAR) to High-Energy X-Ray Beams

1970 • 81 citations

Electron contamination in clinical high energy photon beams

1996 • 79 citations

Simultaneous optimization of dynamic multileaf collimation and scanning patterns or compensation filters using a generalized pencil beam algorithm

1995 • 79 citations

Application of the convolution method for calculation of output factors for therapy photon beams

1992 • 78 citations

Attenuation in high‐energy x‐ray beams

1994 • 77 citations

Head scatter data for several linear accelerators (4-18 MV)

1986 • 75 citations

A convolution model to convert transmission dose images to exit dose distributions

1997 • 74 citations

The validity of the density scaling method in primary electron transport for photon and electron beams

1990 • 74 citations

Calculation of photon dose distributions in an inhomogeneous medium using convolutions

1986 • 74 citations

Portal dose images I: Quantitative treatment plan verification

1990 • 71 citations

Angular distribution of bremsstrahlung from 15‐MeV electrons incident on thick targets of Be, Al, and Pb

1991 • 69 citations

On the field‐size dependence of relative output from a linear accelerator

1992 • 68 citations

Electron contamination from different materials in high energy photon beams

1985 • 68 citations

Restricted Energy-Loss Straggling and Multiple Scattering of Electrons in Mixed Monte Carlo Procedures

1984 • 67 citations

A unified approach to the optimization of brachytherapy and external beam dosimetry

1991 • 66 citations

A Note on the Calculation of Dose in X-ray Fields

1950 • 66 citations

Electron contamination in 8 and 18 MV photon beams

1998 • 66 citations

The equivalent-field method for dose determinations in rectangular fields.

1983 • 65 citations

The Dosimetry of Beta Sources in Tissue. The Point-Source Function

1956 • 65 citations

Configuration options for intensity-modulated radiation therapy using multiple static fields shaped by a multileaf collimator

1998 • 65 citations

Measurement of Tissue-Air Ratios and Scatter Functions for Large Field Sizes, for Cobalt 60 Gamma Radiation

1966 • 64 citations

Superposition dose calculation incorporating Monte Carlo generated electron track kernels

1996 • 64 citations

Forward‐directed bremsstrahlung of 10‐ to 30‐MeV electrons incident on thick targets of Al and Pb

1990 • 62 citations

Precision in reporting the dose given in a course of radiotherapy

1993 • 61 citations

Output factor constituents of a high‐energy photon beam

1988 • 60 citations

Dose optimization with computer-controlled gantry rotation, collimator motion and dose-rate variation

1983 • 60 citations

Calculating output factors for photon beam radiotherapy using a convolution/superposition method based on a dual source photon beam model

1997 • 60 citations

A megavoltage CT scanner for radiotherapy verification

1992 • 60 citations

Absorbed dose from secondary electrons in high energy photon beams

1979 • 58 citations

Tumor and target delineation: Current research and future challenges

1995 • 58 citations

Intensity modulation optimization, lateral transport of radiation, and margins

1996 • 58 citations

Portal dose images II: Patient dose estimation

1990 • 58 citations

A problem in rotation therapy with x-rays: Dose distributions with an axis of symmetry

1987 • 55 citations

Effects of dosimetric and clinical uncertainty on complication-free local tumor control

1988 • 55 citations

A note on equivalent circles, squares, and rectangles

1982 • 55 citations

Energy Absorption. IV—The Mathematical Theory of Integral Dose in Radium Therapy

1945 • 54 citations

The fraction of photons undergoing head scatter in X-ray beams

1995 • 54 citations

Dose calculations using convolution and superposition principles: The orientation of dose spread kernels in divergent x-ray beams

1993 • 54 citations

A generic off-axis energy correction for linac photon beam dosimetry

1998 • 53 citations

Improved lung dose calculation using tissue–maximum ratios in the Batho correction

1984 • 53 citations

Photon beam characteristics on the MM50 racetrack microtron and a new approach for beam quality determination

1993 • 53 citations

Dose for Nonelectronic Equilibrium Conditions

1958 • 50 citations

Complexity of Monte Carlo and deterministic dose-calculation methods

1998 • 50 citations

Demonstration of three‐dimensional deterministic radiation transport theory dose distribution analysis for boron neutron capture therapy

1991 • 50 citations

Radiotherapeutic computed tomography with scanned photon beams

1987 • 50 citations

Modeling transmission and scatter for photon beam attenuators

1995 • 49 citations

Bremsstrahlung review: An analysis of the Schiff spectrum

1991 • 48 citations

Rotation therapy using a novel high-gradient filter.

1982 • 48 citations

Description of the scatter component in photon-beam data

1988 • 48 citations

Verification by Monte Carlo methods of a power law tissue-air ratio algorithm for inhomogeneity corrections in photon beam dose calculations

1980 • 47 citations

Numerical calculation of energy deposition by broad high-energy electron beams

1989 • 47 citations

Radiotherapy treatment planning of basal meningiomas: improved tumor localization by correlation of CT and MR imaging data

1992 • 46 citations

Electron contamination from photon beam collimators

1986 • 46 citations

Acquisition of the effective lateral energy fluence distribution for photon beam dose calculations by convolution models

1991 • 46 citations

Monte Carlo simulations of the differential beam hardening effect of a flattening filter on a therapeutic x‐ray beam

1997 • 45 citations

Analysis of central‐axis doses for high‐energy x rays

1995 • 45 citations

Limitations of a pencil beam approach to photon dose calculations in the head and neck region

1995 • 44 citations

A new approach to CT pixel‐based photon dose calculations in heterogeneous media

1983 • 44 citations

Electronic Equilibrium and Transition Stages

1965 • 43 citations

Recent Advances in Electron and Photon Dosimetry

1986 • 43 citations

Build-up cap materials for measurement of photon head-scatter factors

1997 • 43 citations

Linear accelerator photon beam quality at off‐axis points

1997 • 42 citations

Characteristics of secondary electrons produced by 6, 10 and 24 MV x-ray beams

1996 • 42 citations

Correcting kernel tilting and hardening in convolution/superposition dose calculations for clinical divergent and polychromatic photon beams

1997 • 42 citations

Fast Fourier transform convolution calculations of x‐ray isodose distributions in homogeneous media

1989 • 42 citations

On‐axis and off‐axis primary dose component in high energy photon beams

1994 • 41 citations

Angular distribution and yield from bremsstrahlung targets (for radiation therapy)

1984 • 41 citations

Measurement and calculation of neutron leakage from a medical electron accelerator

1986 • 41 citations

Wedge factor constituents of high energy photon beams: field size and depth dependence

1994 • 40 citations

The clinical value of different treatment objectives and degrees of freedom in radiation therapy optimization

1993 • 40 citations

Telescopic measurements of backscattered radiation from secondary collimator jaws to a beam monitor chamber using a pair of slits

1989 • 40 citations

A study of quality of bremsstrahlung spectra reconstructed from transmission measurements

1990 • 38 citations

Contamination of high-energy photon beams by scattered photons.

1981 • 38 citations

Experimental determination of the dose kernel in high‐energy x‐ray beams

1996 • 38 citations

Refinements of the finite‐size pencil beam model of three‐dimensional photon dose calculation

1997 • 37 citations

Accounting for primary electron scatter in x-ray beam convolution calculations

1995 • 37 citations

Reconstruction of 4‐MV bremsstrahlung spectra from measured transmission data

1983 • 37 citations

Measurement of backscatter to the monitor chamber of medical accelerators using target charge

1998 • 37 citations

Determination of beam orientation in radiotherapy planning

1994 • 36 citations

Clinical application of a CT based treatment planning system

1978 • 36 citations

Measurement of photon beam backscatter from collimators to the beam monitor chamber using target-current-pulse-counting and telescope techniques

1996 • 36 citations

Reconstruction of megavoltage photon spectra by attenuation analysis

1995 • 36 citations

Electronic equilibrium and primary dose in collimated photon beams

1993 • 35 citations

Photon Beam Energy Deposition Kernels for Inverse Radiotherapy Planning

1990 • 35 citations

Characteristics of contamination electrons in high energy photon beams

1993 • 34 citations

A generalized solution for the calculation of in‐air output factors in irregular fields

1998 • 34 citations

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory`s PEREGRINE project

1997 • 34 citations

Application of a Laplace transform pair model for high‐energy x‐ray spectral reconstruction

1985 • 34 citations

Monte Carlo calculations of scatter dose for small field sizes in a ⁶⁰Co beam

1986 • 34 citations

Extending the concept of primary and scatter separation to the condition of electronic disequilibrium

1990 • 33 citations

Verification and implementation of dynamic wedge calculations in a treatment planning system based on a dose‐to‐energy‐fluence formalism

1996 • 33 citations

Photon beam convolution using polyenergetic energy deposition kernels

1994 • 32 citations

A table of phantom scatter factors of photon beams as a function of the quality index and field size

1996 • 32 citations

Spectral reconstruction of clinical megavoltage photon beams and the implications of spectral determination on the dosimetry of such beams

1998 • 32 citations

Calibration of a portal imaging device for high‐precision dosimetry: A Monte Carlo study

1998 • 32 citations

Photon dose calculation incorporating explicit electron transport

1995 • 32 citations

A modified power‐law formula for inhomogeneity corrections in beams of high‐energy x rays

1991 • 31 citations

True three-dimensional dose computations for megavoltage x-ray therapy: a role for the superposition principle.

1992 • 31 citations

User Requirements On Ct-Based Computed Dose Planning Systems In Radiation Therapy

1983 • 31 citations

Uncertainties in dosimetric data and beam calibration

1990 • 31 citations

Configuration options for intensity-modulated radiation therapy using multiple static fields shaped by a multileaf collimator. II: Constraints and limitations on 2D modulation

1998 • 31 citations

The implementation of a generalised Batho inhomogeneity correction for radiotherapy planning with direct use of CT numbers

1981 • 31 citations

XX. Absorption problems in radioactivity

1912 • 30 citations

Calculation of dose distributions in the vicinity of high‐Z interfaces for photon beams

1995 • 29 citations

X-ray dose computations in heterogeneous media using 3-dimensional FFT convolution

1990 • 29 citations

Photon dose calculations in homogeneous media for a treatment planning system using a collapsed cone superposition convolution algorithm

1998 • 29 citations

Quality control of measured x‐ray beam data

1997 • 29 citations

Validity of the concept of separating primary and scatter dose

1985 • 28 citations

Monitor chamber backscatter for intensity modulated radiation therapy using multileaf collimators

1998 • 28 citations

Reconstruction of 6 MV photon spectra from measured transmission including maximum energy estimation

1997 • 28 citations

Reconsideration of the power‐law (Batho) equation for inhomogeneity corrections

1982 • 27 citations

Low energy X-ray depth dose data for use in radiotherapy--comments on the review of BJR Supplement 17.

1997 • 27 citations

Correspondence

1965 • 27 citations

Photon dose calculations for three-dimensional radiation treatment planning

1992 • 26 citations

An analytic calculation of the energy fluence spectrum of a linear accelerator

1994 • 26 citations

Superfractionation as a potential hypoxic cell radiosensitizer: prediction of an optimum dose per fraction

1999 • 26 citations

Effective source size, yield and beam profile from multi-layered bremsstrahlung targets

1996 • 25 citations

Central axis tissue-air ratios as a function of area/perimeter at depth and their applicability to irregularly shaped fields

1972 • 25 citations

Beam hardening of 10 MV radiotherapy X-rays: analysis using a convolution/superposition method

1990 • 24 citations

Dose calculation methods in photon beam therapy using energy deposition kernels

1991 • 24 citations

Effects of scatter generated by beam‐modifying absorbers in megavoltage photon beams

1995 • 24 citations

Calculating dose and output factors for wedged photon radiotherapy fields using a convolution/superposition method

1997 • 24 citations

Correspondence

1966 • 23 citations

Validation of reconstructed bremsstrahlung spectra between 6 MV and 25 MV from measured transmission data

1997 • 23 citations

A heterogeneity model for photon beams incorporating electron transport

1987 • 23 citations

Experimental verification of the air kerma to absorbed doseconversion factor Cw,u

1987 • 22 citations

Field Equations in Dosimetry

1962 • 22 citations

Accounting for the variation in collision kerma‐to‐terma ratio in polyenergetic photon beam convolution

1995 • 21 citations

Calculation of the dose in the build-up region for high energy photon beam. Treatment planning when beam spoilers are employed

1995 • 20 citations

Distribution of Absorbed Energy around a Point Source of β Radiation

1950 • 20 citations

Implementation of the ETAR method for 3D inhomogeneity correction using FFT

1993 • 20 citations

A method of calculating high‐energy photon primary absorbed dose in water using forward and backward spread dose‐distribution functions

1985 • 19 citations

Numerical calculation of energy deposition by high-energy electron beams: III-B. Improvements to the 6D phase space evolution model

1997 • 19 citations

Monte Carlo simulation of dose distribution in electron beam radiotherapy treatment planning

1990 • 19 citations

The conceptual design of a radiation oncology planning system

1997 • 18 citations

Calculation of absorbed dose distributions from dynamic wedges

1998 • 18 citations

Depth dose data and isodose distributions for radiation from a 22 mev. betatron.

1949 • 18 citations

Forward and adjoint methods for radiotherapy planning

1998 • 18 citations

Calculating dose distributions and wedge factors for photon treatment fields with dynamic wedges based on a convolution/superposition method

1998 • 17 citations

Reconstruction of high-energy bremsstrahlung spectra by numerical analysis of depth-dose data

1990 • 17 citations

Attenuation in Very Narrow Photon Beams

1989 • 16 citations

Equivalent squares of irregular photon fields

1993 • 16 citations

Isodose Curves in Non-uniform Phantoms

1965 • 16 citations

The normalised peak scatter factor and normalised scatter functions for high energy photon beams.

1983 • 16 citations

The equivalent field principle and its use in beam therapy dose calculations

1968 • 15 citations

Second scatter contribution to dose in a cobalt‐60 beam

1981 • 15 citations

Development of a versatile algorithm for optimization of radiation therapy

1996 • 15 citations

Scatter integration with right triangular fields

1985 • 15 citations

The differential scatter-air ratio and differential backscatter factor method combined with the density scaling theorem

1984 • 14 citations

Electron disequilibrium in high-energy x-ray beams

1996 • 14 citations

Application of the Fano theorem in inhomogeneous media using a convolution algorithm

1992 • 13 citations

Use of computerized tomography in dose calculations for radiation treatment planning

1981 • 13 citations

Depth Dose and Scatter Analysis of 10 MV X Rays

1972 • 13 citations

Accuracy requirements of the primary x‐ray spectrum in dose calculations using FFT convolution techniques

1995 • 12 citations

A review of electron beam dose calculation algorithms.

1996 • 12 citations

A technique for the fast calculation of three-dimensional photon dose distributions using the superposition model

1997 • 12 citations

Effect of small inhomogeneities on dose in a cobalt-60 beam

1981 • 11 citations

The extended net fractional depth dose: Correction for inhomogeneities, including effects of electron transport in photon beam dose calculation

1987 • 11 citations

Analysis of accuracy in dose and position in calculations of a treatment planning system for blocked photon fields

1997 • 11 citations

State of the Art of High Energy Photon Treatment Planning1

2015 • 11 citations

3-D superposition for radiotherapy treatment planning using fast Fourier transforms.

1989 • 11 citations

Theoretical developments on fast Fourier transform convolution dose calculations in inhomogeneous media

1996 • 10 citations

A numerical method for electron transport calculations

1992 • 10 citations

Calculation of three‐dimensional photon primary absorbed dose using forward and backward spread dose‐distribution functions

1990 • 10 citations

Influence of shape on the accuracy of grid‐based volume computations

1995 • 10 citations

Dose Planning for Irradiation of Thorax with⁶⁰Co in Fixed-Beam Teletherapy

1965 • 10 citations

Modelling polychromatic high energy photon beams by superposition.

1989 • 9 citations

Absorbed-Dose Computations For Inhomogeneous Media In Radiation-Treatment Planning Using Differential Scatter-Air Ratios

2005 • 9 citations

Modelling clinical accelerator beams: a review.

1996 • 9 citations

Differences in wedge factor determination in air using a PMMA mini‐phantom or a brass build‐up cap

1997 • 8 citations

Relationship between Attenuation Coefficients and Dose-Spread Kernels

1988 • 8 citations

A beam model for three-dimensional radiotherapy planning

1995 • 8 citations

Theoretical and experimental determination of phantom scatter factors for photon fields with different radial energy variation

1996 • 8 citations

Superposition on a multicomputer system

1991 • 8 citations

A 3-dimensional scatter correction algorithm for photon beams (dosimetry)

1991 • 8 citations

Dosisverteilungen an Material-Grenzflächen bei energiereichen Röntgenstrahlen* *Dieser Artikel enthält Teile einer bei der Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie der Universität Würzburg eingereichten Dissertation.

1995 • 7 citations

Lateral electron transport in FFT photon dose calculations

1997 • 7 citations

Rotational kernels for conformal therapy

1991 • 7 citations

Three-Dimensional Photon Beam Calculations

1995 • 7 citations

An interactive, parallel, three-dimensional fast Fourier transform convolution dose calculation using a supercomputer

1997 • 6 citations

On Fano's and O'Connor's theorems.

1987 • 6 citations

Development of optimized radiation therapy using external electron and photon beams

1999 • 6 citations

A cobalt-60 primary dose spread array derived from measurements

1989 • 5 citations

Target self‐attenuation extension to the Desobry and Boyer thick‐target bremsstrahlung spectrum

1994 • 5 citations

On Fano's and O'Connor's Theorems

1987 • 5 citations

An improved method for rebinning kernels from cylindrical to Cartesian coordinates

1993 • 4 citations

Photon beam description in PEREGRINE for Monte Carlo dose calculations

1997 • 4 citations

A study to assess and improve dose computations in photon beam therapy

1997 • 4 citations

Transport calculations of gamma ray flux density and dose rate about implantable californium-252 sources

1976 • 4 citations

Determination of differential scatter–air ratios (dSAR) for three‐dimensional scatter integration

1995 • 3 citations

Analysis of photon beam exit dose using photon point kernels

1994 • 3 citations

[Description of radiation fields by separation of primary and scattered radiation. IV. Calculation of distribution for parallel photon radiation fields].

1971 • 3 citations

On the application of stochastic partition functions for the computation of lateral profiles and depth doses in radiotherapy.

1982 • 2 citations

Calculations for tissue inhomogeneities with experimental verification

1974 • 2 citations