Rater bias in performance ratings: Superior, self-, and peer ratings.

Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix.

1959 • 16,404 citations

A general method for analysis of covariance structures

1970 • 1,101 citations

Retranslation of expectations: An approach to the construction of unambiguous anchors for rating scales.

1963 • 838 citations

The multitrait-multirater approach to measuring managerial job performance.

1967 • 303 citations

Comparisons of self- and superior ratings of managerial performance.

1974 • 290 citations

The rating of individuals in organizations: An alternate approach

1974 • 228 citations

Issues in managerial performance: Multitrait-multimethod analyses of ratings.

1971 • 212 citations

Role of the rater in performance appraisal.

1974 • 174 citations

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUPERVISORY‐ AND SELF‐APPRAISALS OF EXECUTIVE PERFORMANCE

1968 • 133 citations

EFFECT OF INSTRUCTIONAL CONDITIONS IN PRODUCING LENIENCY ON TWO TYPES OF RATING SCALES¹

1969 • 93 citations

ASSESSMENTS OF HIGHER‐LEVEL PERSONNEL: III. RATING CRITERIA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SUPERVISOR RATINGS AND INCUMBENT SELF‐RATINGS OF JOB PERFORMANCE

1962 • 74 citations

Rating Scale Content: III. Relationship Between Supervisory‐ and Self‐Ratings¹

1959 • 61 citations

Nursing performance as measured by behavioral expectation scales: A multitrait-multirater analysis

1972 • 61 citations

Alternative Methods of Analysis: Multitrait-Multimethod Data

1970 • 60 citations

Prediction of managerial success by peer and training-staff ratings.

1975 • 53 citations

A multitrait-multimethod analysis of predictors and criteria of nursing performance

1970 • 52 citations

Validation of a multiple-assessment procedure for managerial personnel.

1964 • 51 citations

A multitrait-multi method analysis of scales developed by retranslation

1973 • 42 citations