Replacement of aspartic residues 85, 96, 115, or 212 affects the quantum yield and kinetics of proton release and uptake by bacteriorhodopsin.

Functions of a New Photoreceptor Membrane

1973 • 1,078 citations

Bacteriorhodopsin: a light-driven proton pump in Halobacterium Halobium

1975 • 994 citations

Bacteriorhodopsin and Related Pigments of Halobacteria

1982 • 767 citations

Vibrational spectroscopy of bacteriorhodopsin mutants: light-driven proton transport involves protonation changes of aspartic acid residues 85, 96, and 212

1988 • 497 citations

Light-driven protonation changes of internal aspartic acids of bacteriorhodopsin: an investigation of static and time-resolved infrared difference spectroscopy using [4-13C]aspartic acid labeled purple membrane

1985 • 294 citations

Bacteriorhodopsin, a membrane protein that uses light to translocate protons.

1988 • 293 citations

Aspartic acid substitutions affect proton translocation by bacteriorhodopsin.

1988 • 282 citations

Resonance Raman spectra of bacteriorhodopsin's primary photoproduct: evidence for a distorted 13-cis retinal chromophore.

1982 • 262 citations

Kinetics and stoichiometry of light-induced proton release and uptake from purple membrane fragments, Halobacterium halobium cell envelopes, and phospholipid vesicles containing oriented purple membrane

1976 • 222 citations

Conformational changes of bacteriorhodopsin detected by Fourier transform infrared difference spectroscopy

1981 • 148 citations

Structure-function studies on bacteriorhodopsin. IV. Purification and renaturation of bacterio-opsin polypeptide expressed in Escherichia coli.

1987 • 123 citations

Energy storage in the primary step of the photocycle of bacteriorhodopsin

1983 • 107 citations

Structure-function studies on bacteriorhodopsin. V. Effects of amino acid substitutions in the putative helix F.

1987 • 105 citations

Vibrational spectroscopy of bacteriorhodopsin mutants: I. Tyrosine‐185 protonates and deprotonantes during the photocycle

1988 • 104 citations

Bacteriorhodopsin mutants containing single tyrosine to phenylalanine substitutions are all active in proton translocation.

1987 • 90 citations

Structure-function studies on bacteriorhodopsin. I. Expression of the bacterio-opsin gene in Escherichia coli.

1987 • 86 citations

Flash spectroscopy of purple membrane

1987 • 86 citations

Structure-function studies on bacteriorhodopsin. III. Total synthesis of a gene for bacterio-opsin and its expression in Escherichia coli.

1987 • 84 citations

Effects of amino acid substitutions in the F helix of bacteriorhodopsin. Low temperature ultraviolet/visible difference spectroscopy.

1988 • 49 citations

Absolute quantum yields and proof of proton and nonproton transient release and uptake in photoexcited bacteriorhodopsin.

1983 • 39 citations

Abrupt onset of large scale nonproton ion release in purple membranes caused by increasing pH or ionic strength

1987 • 19 citations

Large transient nonproton ion movements in purple membrane suspensions are abolished by solubilization in Triton X-100

1986 • 15 citations

Large scale nonproton ion release and bacteriorhodopsin's state of aggregation in lipid vesicles. I. Monomers

1987 • 13 citations

Nonproton ion release by purple membranes exhibits cooperativity as shown by determination of the optical cross-section

1988 • 12 citations