An Overview of Automatic Speech Recognition

A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition

1989 • 22,242 citations

Fundamentals of speech recognition

1993 • 7,887 citations

Dynamic programming algorithm optimization for spoken word recognition

1978 • 5,916 citations

Comparison of parametric representations for monosyllabic word recognition in continuously spoken sentences

1980 • 4,920 citations

A Maximization Technique Occurring in the Statistical Analysis of Probabilistic Functions of Markov Chains

1970 • 4,244 citations

Maximum a posteriori estimation for multivariate Gaussian mixture observations of Markov chains

1994 • 2,131 citations

Speech Analysis Synthesis and Perception

1972 • 1,471 citations

A Maximum Likelihood Approach to Continuous Speech Recognition

1983 • 1,235 citations

Connectionist Speech Recognition: A Hybrid Approach

1993 • 1,161 citations

Maximum mutual information estimation of hidden Markov model parameters for speech recognition

2005 • 828 citations

Interpolated estimation of Markov source parameters from sparse data

1980 • 817 citations

Speaker-independent isolated word recognition using dynamic features of speech spectrum

1986 • 751 citations

Discriminative learning for minimum error classification (pattern recognition)

1992 • 733 citations

Tree-based state tying for high accuracy acoustic modelling

1994 • 685 citations

Speech sounds and features

1973 • 572 citations

Connectionist Speech Recognition

1994 • 566 citations

Hidden Markov model decomposition of speech and noise

2002 • 469 citations

An application of recurrent nets to phone probability estimation

1994 • 446 citations

Automatic speech recognition : the development of the SPHINX system

1988 • 424 citations

Automatic recognition of keywords in unconstrained speech using hidden Markov models

1990 • 407 citations

Maximum likelihood estimation for multivariate observations of Markov sources

1982 • 383 citations

Speaker adaptation using constrained estimation of Gaussian mixtures

1995 • 381 citations

Automatic Speech Recognition

1989 • 359 citations

Pattern recognition in practice

1980 • 347 citations

Links between Markov models and multilayer perceptrons

1990 • 333 citations

A joint synchrony/mean-rate model of auditory speech processing

1988 • 283 citations

Environmental robustness in automatic speech recognition

2002 • 276 citations

A study on speaker adaptation of the parameters of continuous density hidden Markov models

1991 • 267 citations

A tree-based statistical language model for natural language speech recognition

1989 • 246 citations

Maximum-Likelihood Estimation for Mixture Multivariate Stochastic Observations of Markov Chains

1985 • 235 citations

ML estimation of a stochastic linear system with the EM algorithm and its application to speech recognition

1993 • 234 citations

A Segmentalk-Means Training Procedure for Connected Word Recognition

1986 • 228 citations

Speech recognition in adverse environments

1991 • 203 citations

A tree-trellis based fast search for finding the N-best sentence hypotheses in continuous speech recognition

1991 • 196 citations

Semi-continuous hidden Markov models for speech signals

1989 • 195 citations

Efficient coding of LPC parameters by temporal decomposition

2005 • 192 citations

The N-best algorithms: an efficient and exact procedure for finding the N most likely sentence hypotheses

2002 • 186 citations

Improvements in beam search for 10000-word continuous speech recognition

1992 • 183 citations

The Development of an Experimental Discrete Dictation Recognizer

1986 • 181 citations

A stochastic segment model for phoneme-based continuous speech recognition

1989 • 176 citations

Acoustic modeling for large vocabulary speech recognition

1990 • 159 citations

Tied mixture continuous parameter modeling for speech recognition

1990 • 158 citations

Structural methods in automatic speech recognition

1985 • 153 citations

The development of an experimental discrete dictation recognizer

1985 • 151 citations

Integrated models of signal and background with application to speaker identification in noise

1994 • 151 citations

Segmental GPD training of HMM based speech recognizer

1992 • 147 citations

A statistical approach to automatic speech recognition using the atomic speech units constructed from overlapping articulatory features

1994 • 144 citations

New discriminative training algorithms based on the generalized probabilistic descent method

2002 • 143 citations

Large-vocabulary dictation using SRI's DECIPHER speech recognition system: progressive search techniques

1993 • 129 citations

Shared-distribution hidden Markov models for speech recognition

1993 • 125 citations

A successive state splitting algorithm for efficient allophone modeling

1992 • 125 citations

A segment model based approach to speech recognition

2003 • 113 citations

Speaker adaptation of continuous density HMMs using multivariate linear regression

1994 • 104 citations

Tree-based State Tying for High Accuracy Acoustic Modeling

1994 • 94 citations

The MIT SUMMIT Speech Recognition system: a progress report

1989 • 81 citations

Unsupervised speaker adaptation method based on hierarchical spectral clustering

2003 • 80 citations

Minimum error rate training based on N-best string models

1993 • 80 citations

A hybrid segmental neural net/hidden Markov model system for continuous speech recognition

1994 • 77 citations

Algorithms for an optimal A* search and linearizing the search in the stack decoder

1991 • 76 citations

Bayesian learning for hidden Markov model with Gaussian mixture state observation densities

1992 • 76 citations

An improved MMIE training algorithm for speaker-independent, small vocabulary, continuous speech recognition

1991 • 74 citations

Rapid speaker adaptation using a probabilistic spectral mapping

2005 • 69 citations

A fast approximate acoustic match for large vocabulary speech recognition

1993 • 66 citations

A minimax classification approach with application to robust speech recognition

1993 • 65 citations

Unsupervised speaker adaptation by probabilistic spectrum fitting

2003 • 60 citations

Dynamic programming parsing for context-free grammars in continuous speech recognition

1991 • 59 citations

A statistical model for generating pronunciation networks

1991 • 59 citations

An overview of the SPHINX-II speech recognition system

1993 • 56 citations

Stochastic trajectory modeling for speech recognition

2002 • 50 citations

A*-admissible heuristics for rapid lexical access

1993 • 42 citations

Modern Methods of Speech Processing

1995 • 40 citations

Efficient joint compensation of speech for the effects of additive noise and linear filtering

1992 • 36 citations

A stochastic model of speech incorporating hierarchical nonstationarity

1993 • 33 citations

Robust utterance verification for connected digits recognition

2002 • 33 citations

Signal bias removal for robust telephone based speech recognition in adverse environments

2002 • 32 citations

Evaluation and optimization of perceptually-based ASR front-end

1993 • 27 citations

Discriminative feature extraction for speech recognition

2002 • 27 citations

The metamorphic algorithm: a speaker mapping approach to data augmentation

1994 • 25 citations

Parallel model combination for speech recognition in noise

1993 • 23 citations

Auditory neural feedback as a basis for speech processing

2003 • 23 citations

Stochastic matching for robust speech recognition

1994 • 21 citations

On automatic estimation of articulatory parameters in a text-to-speech system

1992 • 18 citations

A new speaker adaptation technique using very short calibration speech

1993 • 17 citations

Vector field smoothing principle for speaker adaptation

1992 • 15 citations

Optimal speech recognition using phone recognition and lexical access

1992 • 14 citations

Multonic Markov word models for large vocabulary continuous speech recognition

1993 • 12 citations

A vocabulary independent discriminatively trained method for rejection of non-keywords in sub word based speech recognition

1995 • 8 citations

Vocabulary learning and environment normalization in vocabulary-independent speech recognition

1992 • 7 citations

Task independent wordspotting using decision tree based allophone clustering

1993 • 6 citations