Therapeutic Use, Abuse, and Nonmedical Use of Opioids: A Ten-Year Perspective

Survey of chronic pain in Europe: Prevalence, impact on daily life, and treatment

2005 • 5,105 citations

Opioid Complications and Side Effects

2008 • 1,959 citations

The Rising Prevalence of Chronic Low Back Pain

2009 • 1,431 citations

Anaesthesia, surgery, and challenges in postoperative recovery

2003 • 1,365 citations

The epidemiology of chronic pain in the community

1999 • 1,236 citations

Opioids in chronic non-cancer pain: systematic review of efficacy and safety

2004 • 1,203 citations

Opioid-induced Hyperalgesia

2006 • 1,137 citations

Chronic use of opioid analgesics in non-malignant pain: Report of 38 cases

1986 • 879 citations

Opioids for chronic noncancer pain: a meta-analysis of effectiveness and side effects

2006 • 875 citations

Prevalence of undertreatment in cancer pain. A review of published literature

2008 • 830 citations

Patterns of Abuse Among Unintentional Pharmaceutical Overdose Fatalities

2008 • 814 citations

Trends in Opioid Prescribing by Race/Ethnicity for Patients Seeking Care in US Emergency Departments

2008 • 794 citations

Overtreating Chronic Back Pain: Time to Back Off?

2009 • 734 citations

Increasing deaths from opioid analgesics in the United States

2006 • 711 citations

Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Scope, and Impact of Spinal Pain

2009 • 691 citations

Therapeutic Opioids: A Ten-Year Perspective on the Complexities and Complications of the Escalating Use, Abuse, and Nonmedical Use of Opioids

2008 • 639 citations

Interventional Therapies, Surgery, and Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation for Low Back Pain

2009 • 549 citations

JCAHO Pain Management Standards Are Unveiled

2000 • 536 citations

College on Problems of Drug Dependence taskforce on prescription opioid non-medical use and abuse: position statement

2003 • 527 citations

Trends in long‐term opioid therapy for chronic non‐cancer pain

2009 • 523 citations

Prevalence and Characteristics of Chronic Pain Among Chemically Dependent Patients in Methadone Maintenance and Residential Treatment Facilities

2003 • 519 citations

Predictors of opioid misuse in patients with chronic pain: a prospective cohort study

2006 • 517 citations

Psychiatric Illness and Chronic Low-Back Pain

1993 • 515 citations

Critical issues on opioids in chronic non-cancer pain:

2006 • 497 citations

Risk factors for clinically recognized opioid abuse and dependence among veterans using opioids for chronic non-cancer pain

2007 • 467 citations

Endocrine Consequences of Long-Term Intrathecal Administration of Opioids

2000 • 455 citations

Prescribing of opioid analgesics and related mortality before and after the introduction of long-acting oxycodone

2009 • 442 citations

Chronic Pain in Canada ‐ Prevalence, Treatment, Impact and the Role of Opioid Analgesia

2002 • 441 citations

Opioids in the Management of Chronic Non-Cancer Pain: An Update of American Society of the Interventional Pain Physicians’ (ASIPP) Guidelines

2008 • 440 citations

Surgery for Low Back Pain

2009 • 421 citations

Addiction to opioids in chronic pain patients: A literature review

2006 • 418 citations

The Tragedy of Needless Pain

1990 • 416 citations

Comprehensive Evidence-Based Guidelines for Interventional Techniques in the Management of Chronic Spinal Pain

2009 • 408 citations

Research Gaps on Use of Opioids for Chronic Noncancer Pain: Findings From a Review of the Evidence for an American Pain Society and American Academy of Pain Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline

2009 • 399 citations

Office visits and analgesic prescriptions for musculoskeletal pain in US: 1980 vs. 2000

2004 • 372 citations

Predicting Opioid Misuse by Chronic Pain Patients

2008 • 371 citations

Opioids for Chronic Noncancer Pain: Prediction and Identification of Aberrant Drug-Related Behaviors: A Review of the Evidence for an American Pain Society and American Academy of Pain Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline

2009 • 368 citations

Trends in Health Care Expenditures, Utilization, and Health Status Among US Adults With Spine Problems, 1997–2006

2009 • 367 citations

Drug Abuse, Dependence, and Addiction in Chronic Pain Patients

1992 • 361 citations

Increase in Fatal Poisonings Involving Opioid Analgesics in the United States, 1999-2006

2009 • 352 citations

Mechanisms of Prescription Drug Diversion Among Drug-Involved Club- and Street-Based Populations

2007 • 329 citations

The relation between multiple pains and mental disorders: Results from the World Mental Health Surveys

2007 • 327 citations

Systematic Review of Therapeutic Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections

2009 • 324 citations

Opioid Prescriptions Soar

2007 • 314 citations

Relationship Between Early Opioid Prescribing for Acute Occupational Low Back Pain and Disability Duration, Medical Costs, Subsequent Surgery and Late Opioid Use

2007 • 305 citations

The undertreatment of pain in ambulatory AIDS patients

1996 • 299 citations

Substance Use Disorders in a Primary Care Sample Receiving Daily Opioid Therapy

2007 • 285 citations

Lumbar Interlaminar Epidural Injections in Managing Chronic Low Back and Lower Extremity Pain: A Systematic Review

2009 • 285 citations

Opioid Analgesics and Rates of Fatal Drug Poisoning in the United States

2006 • 283 citations

Injection Therapy for Subacute and Chronic Low Back Pain

2008 • 281 citations

Opioid Guidelines in the Management of Chronic Non-Cancer Pain

2006 • 278 citations

Tramadol for neuropathic pain

2006 • 276 citations

Systematic Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy and Therapeutic Utility of Lumbar Facet Joint Interventions

2009 • 275 citations

Adolescents' Motivations to Abuse Prescription Medications

2006 • 273 citations

Behavioral Monitoring and Urine Toxicology Testing in Patients Receiving Long-Term Opioid Therapy

2003 • 255 citations

Systematic Review of Caudal Epidural Injections in the Management of Chronic Low Back Pain

2009 • 236 citations

Prescription Opioid Abuse and Diversion in an Urban Community: The Results of an Ultrarapid Assessment

2009 • 228 citations

Gender and prescription opioids: Findings from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health

2010 • 228 citations

Comparative efficacy and safety of long-acting oral opioids for chronic non-cancer pain: a systematic review

2003 • 227 citations

Systematic Review of Lumbar Provocation Discography in Asymptomatic Subjects with a Meta-analysis of False-positive Rates

2008 • 226 citations

Systematic Review of Diagnostic Utility and Therapeutic Effectiveness of Thoracic Facet Joint Interventions

2008 • 223 citations

National Drug Control Policy and Prescription Drug Abuse: Facts and Fallacies

2007 • 217 citations

Treatment outcome of chronic non-malignant pain patients managed in a Danish multidisciplinary pain centre compared to general practice: a randomised controlled trial

2000 • 213 citations

Early Opioid Prescription and Subsequent Disability Among Workers With Back Injuries

2008 • 209 citations

Is musculoskeletal pain more common now than 40 years ago?: two population-based cross-sectional studies

2005 • 209 citations

Analysis of Growth of Interventional Techniques in Managing Chronic Pain in the Medicare Population: A 10-Year Evaluation from 1997 to 2006

2009 • 206 citations

The association of comorbidities, utilization and costs for patients identified with low back pain

2006 • 202 citations

A Comparison of the Abuse Liability of Tramadol, NSAIDs, and Hydrocodone in Patients with Chronic Pain

2006 • 202 citations

Controlled substance abuse and illicit drug use in chronic pain patients: An evaluation of multiple variables.

2006 • 197 citations

Urine Toxicology Screening Among Chronic Pain Patients on Opioid Therapy: Frequency and Predictability of Abnormal Findings

2007 • 192 citations

Evaluation of Lumbar Facet Joint Nerve Blocks in Managing Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial with a 2-Year Follow-Up

2010 • 188 citations

Psychological factors as predictors of opioid abuse and illicit drug use in chronic pain patients

2007 • 188 citations

Lumbar Facet Joint Nerve Blocks in Managing Chronic Facet Joint Pain: One-Year Follow-up of a Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial: Clinical Trial NCT00355914

2008 • 188 citations

Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in Patients With Chronic Disabling Occupational Spinal Disorders

2006 • 181 citations

The Opioid Renewal Clinic: A Primary Care, Managed Approach to Opioid Therapy in Chronic Pain Patients at Risk for Substance Abuse

2007 • 179 citations

Adverse effects of chronic opioid therapy for chronic musculoskeletal pain

2010 • 175 citations

Prescription Drug Abuse: Insight Into the Epidemic

2010 • 174 citations

Direct Costs of Opioid Abuse in an Insured Population in the United States

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Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic Interventions in Managing Chronic Spinal Pain

2009 • 170 citations

Prescription drug abuse: what is being done to address this new drug epidemic? Testimony before the Subcommittee on Criminal Justice, Drug Policy and Human Resources.

2006 • 170 citations

Effectiveness of Opioids in the Treatment of Chronic Non-Cancer Pain

2008 • 165 citations

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Lumbar Interlaminar Epidural Injections in Managing Chronic Pain of Lumbar Disc Herniation or Radiculitis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial

2010 • 165 citations

Use of Opioid Analgesics for the Treatment of Chronic Noncancer Pain - A Consensus Statement and Guidelines from the Canadian Pain Society, 2002

2003 • 163 citations

Opioid analgesia: perspectives on right use and utility.

2007 • 163 citations

Systematic review of the effectiveness of cervical epidurals in the management of chronic neck pain.

2009 • 162 citations

Socio-economic differences in the prevalence of acute, chronic and disabling chronic pain among ageing employees

2005 • 162 citations

Comparative Outcomes of a 2-Year Follow-Up of Cervical Medial Branch Blocks in Management of Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial

2010 • 159 citations

Opioid dosing trends and mortality in Washington State workers' compensation, 1996-2002

2005 • 157 citations

Age-Related Prevalence of Facet-Joint Involvement in Chronic Neck and Low Back Pain

2008 • 154 citations

Is comorbidity in adolescence a predictor for adult low back pain? A prospective study of a young population

2006 • 152 citations

Analgesic Usage for Low Back Pain: Impact on Health Care Costs and Service Use

2005 • 152 citations

Patterns and Trends in Opioid Use among Individuals with Back Pain in the United States

2004 • 152 citations

Opioid Use for Chronic Low Back Pain

2009 • 151 citations

A Difficult Balance — Pain Management, Drug Safety, and the FDA

2009 • 150 citations

Systematic Review of Lumbar Discography as a Diagnostic Test for Chronic Low Back Pain

2009 • 150 citations

Does random urine drug testing reduce illicit drug use in chronic pain patients receiving opioids?

2006 • 149 citations

Systematic Review of Percutaneous Adhesiolysis and Management of Chronic Low Back Pain in Post Lumbar Surgery Syndrome

2009 • 149 citations

Cervical Medial Branch Blocks for Chronic Cervical Facet Joint Pain

2008 • 146 citations

Preliminary results of a randomized, equivalence trial of fluoroscopic caudal epidural injections in managing chronic low back pain: Part 4--Spinal stenosis.

2008 • 146 citations

Drug-Related Side Effects of Long-term Intrathecal Morphine Therapy

2007 • 143 citations

Undertreatment of Symptoms in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis

2009 • 142 citations

Undertreatment of acute pain in the emergency department: a challenge

2005 • 142 citations

Are Opioid-Dependent/Tolerant Patients Impaired in Driving-Related Skills? A Structured Evidence-Based Review

2003 • 141 citations

Clinical Characteristics of Chronic Back Pain as a Function of Gender and Oral Opioid Use

2003 • 140 citations

Tramadol for osteoarthritis: a systematic review and metaanalysis.

2007 • 139 citations

The Changing Face of Teenage Drug Abuse — The Trend toward Prescription Drugs

2006 • 138 citations

The Preliminary Results of a Comparative Effectiveness Evaluation of Adhesiolysis and Caudal Epidural Injections in Managing Chronic Low Back Pain Secondary to Spinal Stenosis: A Randomized, Equivalence Controlled Trial

2009 • 138 citations

Opioid Deaths in Rural Virginia: A Description of the High Prevalence of Accidental Fatalities Involving Prescribed Medications

2009 • 137 citations

Opioid use by patients in an orthopedics spine clinic

2005 • 133 citations

Motivations for non-medical prescription drug use: A mixed methods analysis

2010 • 127 citations

Preliminary results of a randomized, equivalence trial of fluoroscopic caudal epidural injections in managing chronic low back pain: Part 2--Disc herniation and radiculitis.

2008 • 120 citations

Self-reported vs. actual use of medications in chronic pain patients

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Narcotic maintenance for chronic pain

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Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Single and Multiple Body Regions and Effects of Perceived Risk of Injury Among Manual Handling Workers

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Inadequate pain management and associated morbidity in children at home after tonsillectomy

1997 • 116 citations

A comparison of drug overdose deaths involving methadone and other opioid analgesics in West Virginia

2009 • 116 citations

Patterns of Illicit Drug Use and Opioid Abuse in Patients with Chronic Pain at Initial Evaluation: A Prospective, Observational Study

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The cognitive effects of opioids

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Efficacy and safety of transdermal fentanyl and sustained-release oral morphine in patients with cancer and chronic non-cancer pain

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Does adherence monitoring reduce controlled substance abuse in chronic pain patients?

2006 • 107 citations

The undertreatment of pain: scientific, clinical, cultural, and philosophical factors.

2001 • 106 citations

The Effectiveness of Fluoroscopic Cervical Interlaminar Epidural Injections in Managing Chronic Cervical Disc Herniation and Radiculitis: Preliminary Results of a Randomized, DoubleBlind, Controlled Trial

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A Pilot Survey of Aberrant Drug-Taking Attitudes and Behaviors in Samples of Cancer and AIDS Patients

2000 • 105 citations

Prevalence of back pain among fulltime United States workers.

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Screening for Problematic Prescription Opioid Use

2001 • 100 citations

Under-treatment of cancer pain

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A comparative effectiveness evaluation of percutaneous adhesiolysis and epidural steroid injections in managing lumbar post surgery syndrome: a randomized, equivalence controlled trial.

2009 • 97 citations

Preliminary results of a randomized, equivalence trial of fluoroscopic caudal epidural injections in managing chronic low back pain: Part 1--Discogenic pain without disc herniation or radiculitis.

2008 • 97 citations

Systematic review of the effectiveness of thermal annular procedures in treating discogenic low back pain.

2009 • 97 citations

Monitoring Opioid Adherence in Chronic Pain Patients: Tools, Techniques, and Utility

2008 • 97 citations

Systematic Review of Thoracic Discography as a Diagnostic Test for Chronic Spinal Pain

2008 • 96 citations

Clinical Management and the Duration of Disability for Work-Related Low Back Pain

2000 • 96 citations

Comprehensive review of neurophysiologic basis and diagnostic interventions in managing chronic spinal pain.

2009 • 95 citations

Effectiveness of Thoracic Medial Branch Blocks in Managing Chronic Pain: A Preliminary Report of a Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial; Clinical Trial NCT00355706

2008 • 94 citations

A Systematic Review of Mechanical Lumbar Disc Decompression with Nucleoplasty

2009 • 91 citations

Prevalence and Determinants of Pain and Pain‐Related Disability in Urban and Rural Settings in Southeastern Ontario

2006 • 91 citations

Assessment of Abuse Potential of Benzodiazepines from a Prescription Database Using ‘Doctor Shopping’ as an Indicator

2010 • 90 citations

Diversion of Buprenorphine/Naloxone Coformulated Tablets in a Region with High Prescribing Prevalence

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Mental Illness and Psychotropic Drug Use Among Prescription Drug Overdose Deaths

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Percutaneous lumbar laser disc decompression: a systematic review of current evidence.

2009 • 87 citations

Effectiveness of spinal endoscopic adhesiolysis in post lumbar surgery syndrome: a systematic review.

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Development of and recovery from long-term pain. A 6-year follow-up study of a cross-section of the adult Danish population

2004 • 83 citations

Impact of long-term use of opioids on quality of life in patients with chronic, non-malignant pain

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Evaluation of Abuse of Prescription and Illicit Drugs in Chronic Pain Patients Receiving Short-Acting (Hydrocodone) or Long-Acting (Methadone) Opioids

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Peripherally-Acting Opioids

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Opioids, sleep, and cancer-related fatigue

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High Rates of Inappropriate Drug Use in the Chronic Pain Population

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Transforming Long-Term Care Pain Management in North America: The Policy–Clinical Interface: Table 1

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Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use Among US College Students at a Midwest University: A Partial Test of Social Learning Theory

2010 • 67 citations

An algorithmic approach for clinical management of chronic spinal pain.

2009 • 67 citations

Subtypes of nonmedical opioid users: Results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions

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The use of oral opioids in patients witt chronic non‐cancer pain

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Opioid control of LH secretion in humans: Menstrual cycle, menopause and aging reduce effect of naloxone but not of morphine.

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Non-Medical Use of Prescription Analgesics: A Three-Year National Longitudinal Study

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Preliminary results of a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of fluoroscopic lumbar interlaminar epidural injections in managing chronic lumbar discogenic pain without disc herniation or radiculitis.

2010 • 65 citations

Effectiveness of thoracic medial branch blocks in managing chronic pain: a preliminary report of a randomized, double-blind controlled trial.

2008 • 65 citations

Prescription drugs purchased through the internet: Who are the end users?

2010 • 65 citations

Evolution of The National All Schedules Prescription Electronic Reporting Act (NASPER): A Public Law for Balancing Treatment of Pain and Drug Abuse and Diversion

2005 • 64 citations

Emotional Distress as a Predictor for Low Back Disability

2007 • 64 citations

Evaluation of the Psychological Status in Chronic Low Back Pain: Comparison with General Population

2002 • 64 citations

Substance Abuse in Cancer Pain

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Active surveillance of abused and misused prescription opioids using poison center data: A pilot study and descriptive comparison

2007 • 64 citations

Influence of Psychological Factors on the Ability to Diagnose Chronic Low Back Pain of Facet Joint Origin

2001 • 60 citations

Benzodiazepines Predict Use of Opioids—A Follow-Up Study of 17,074 Men and Women

2010 • 59 citations

Systematic review of percutaneous lumbar mechanical disc decompression utilizing Dekompressor.

2009 • 59 citations

The Societal Costs of Low Back Pain

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Automated percutaneous lumbar discectomy for the contained herniated lumbar disc: a systematic assessment of evidence.

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Opioids in chronic non-cancer pain

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Understanding Psychological Aspects of Chronic Pain in Interventional Pain Management

2002 • 57 citations

Clinical Research

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Accuracy of Diagnostic Lumbar Facet Joint Nerve Blocks: A 2-Year Follow-Up of 152 Patients Diagnosed with Controlled Diagnostic Blocks

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Cervical epidural injections in chronic discogenic neck pain without disc herniation or radiculitis: preliminary results of a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.

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The Role of a Prescription in Anxiety Medication Use, Abuse, and Dependence

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An Introduction to an Evidence-Based Approach to Interventional Techniques in the Management of Chronic Spinal Pain

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Prevalence of illicit drug use among individuals with chronic pain in the Commonwealth of Kentucky: an evaluation of patterns and trends.

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Barriers to Pain Management in a Community Sample of Chinese American Patients with Cancer

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An Observational Study on the Prevalence and Pattern of Opioid Use in 25,479 Patients With Spine and Radicular Pain

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Patterns of illicit drug use and retention in a methadone program: A longitudinal study

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Chronic Nonmalignant Pain Treated with Long-Term Oral Narcotic Analgesics

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Review of the effect of opioid-related side effects on the undertreatment of moderate to severe chronic non-cancer pain: tapentadol, a step toward a solution?

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Hydrocodone Use and Sensorineural Hearing Loss

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A Comparative Evaluation of Illicit Drug use in Patients with or Without Controlled Substance Abuse in Interventional Pain Management

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Government regulatory influences on opioid prescribing and their impact on the treatment of pain of nonmalignant origin

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Increasing deaths from opioid analgesics in the United States: An evaluation in an interventional pain management practice

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Narcotic Drug Use Among Patients with Lower Back Pain in Employer Health Plans: A Retrospective Analysis of Risk Factors and Health Care Services

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Obama Health Care for All Americans: Practical Implications

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Prevalence of Illicit Drug use in Patients without Controlled Substance Abuse in Interventional Pain Management

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Issues in Opioid Management

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Influence of psychological variables on the diagnosis of facet joint involvement in chronic spinal pain.

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Prevalence of Self-Reported Neck-Shoulder-Arm Pain and Concurrent Low Back Pain or Psychological Distress

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Abuse liability of oxycodone as a function of pain and drug use history

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Prescription Drug Abuse: An Epidemic Dilemma

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Physical and Mental Function and Incident Low Back Pain in Seniors

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Pain Characteristics of Adults 65 Years of Age and Older Referred to a Tertiary Care Pain Clinic

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Prevalence of Side Effects of Prolonged Low or Moderate Dose Opioid Therapy with Concomitant Benzodiazepine and/or Antidepressant Therapy in Chronic Non-Cancer Pain

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A fatality involving an unusual route of fentanyl delivery: Chewing and aspirating the transdermal patch

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Increases in poisoning and methadone-related deaths: United States, 1999-2005

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Subtypes of adolescent sedative/anxiolytic misusers: A latent profile analysis

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Evaluation of Variables in Illicit Drug Use: Does a Controlled Substance Abuse Screening Tool Identify Illicit Drug Use?

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Cognitive effects of opioids

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A cross-sectional analysis of the prevalence of undertreatment of nonpain symptoms and factors associated with undertreatment in older nursing home hospice/palliative care patients

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Increasing prevalence of prescription opiate misuse over time among rural probationers

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Myoclonus Secondary to Withdrawal from Transdermal Fentanyl

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Parental Substance Abuse and Accidental Death in Children

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Prospective Evaluation of Patients with Increasing Opiate Needs: Prescription Opiate Abuse and Illicit Drug Use

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Strategies to Optimize Pain Management With Opioids While Minimizing Risk of Abuse

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What have we learned from three decades of methadone maintenance treatment?

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Which indicators can public health authorities use to monitor prescription drug abuse and evaluate the impact of regulatory measures? Controlling High Dosage Buprenorphine abuse

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Reliability of Psychological Evaluation in Chronic Pain in an Interventional Pain Management Setting

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Sex Differences in Pain and Misuse of Prescription Analgesics Among Persons with HIV

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Prevalence and characteristics of breakthrough pain in patients receiving opioids for chronic back pain in pain specialty clinics

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Description of documentation in the management of chronic spinal pain.

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Current Risk Assessment and Management Paradigms: Snapshots in the Life of the Pain Specialist

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New Guidelines on Managing Chronic Pain in Older Persons

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Success of the State Pain Initiatives

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The Undertreatment of Pain

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Investigation of Temporal Changes of Abuse and Misuse of Prescription Opioids

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Opioids for neuropathic pain (Review)

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A pill problem: prescription drug abuse is the fastest growing form of substance abuse.

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Patterns of Analgesic Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Non‐Malignant Pain in NSW

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A serious look at the undertreatment of pain: part 11.

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Bruk av benzodiazepiner og cannabis blant unge voksne

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Teens and prescription drugs

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