Specific and Nonspecific Factors in the Causation of Behavior

An introduction to cybernetics

1956 • 7,117 citations

The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit‐formation

1908 • 6,230 citations

Conflict, arousal, and curiosity.

1960 • 5,766 citations

Perception and Communication

2016 • 4,827 citations

Brain stem reticular formation and activation of the EEG

1949 • 4,188 citations

The Integrative Action of the Nervous System.

1907 • 4,174 citations

Principles of Behavior

1944 • 4,124 citations

Perception and communication.

1958 • 4,039 citations

The Cerebellum as a Neuronal Machine

1967 • 3,202 citations

Higher cortical functions in man

1966 • 2,942 citations

Sensory Communication

1961 • 2,849 citations

The Study of Instinct

1952 • 2,758 citations

Conditioned Reflexes: An Investigation of the Physiological Activity of the Cerebral Cortex.

1930 • 2,750 citations

The Act of Creation

1964 • 2,671 citations

Handbook of Experimental Psychology

1952 • 2,411 citations

The Integrative Action of the Nervous System

1907 • 2,278 citations

Perception and the conditioned reflex

1964 • 2,207 citations

Perception and the Conditioned Reflex

1966 • 2,147 citations

Drives and the C. N. S. (conceptual nervous system).

1955 • 2,004 citations

Psychology

1962 • 1,950 citations

Components of attention.

1971 • 1,688 citations

Decision and stress

1971 • 1,686 citations

The Character of Physical Law

1965 • 1,657 citations

Learning and Instinct in Animals

1964 • 1,624 citations

Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 1961

1963 • 1,600 citations

Uncertainty and Structure as Psychological Concepts

1964 • 1,505 citations

Reticular formation of the brain

1959 • 1,213 citations

Movement control in skilled motor performance.

1968 • 1,127 citations

The "supersitition" experiment: A reexamination of its implications for the principles of adaptive behavior.

1971 • 1,066 citations

Somatic response patterning and stress : some revisions of activation theory

1967 • 1,065 citations

Towards a Theoretical Biology

1968 • 1,040 citations

Fundamentals of Skill

1970 • 875 citations

Animal Behaviour: A Synthesis of Ethology and Comparative Psychology

1968 • 848 citations

"Derived" Activities; Their Causation, Biological Significance, Origin, and Emancipation During Evolution

1952 • 822 citations

Applications of Information Theory to Psychology

1959 • 762 citations

Animal Discrimination Learning

1969 • 750 citations

Psychological stress : issues in research

1967 • 732 citations

Activation: A Neuropsychological Dimension

1979 • 631 citations

Theory of Motivation

1967 • 605 citations

Activation and Behavior

1964 • 597 citations

The Character of Physical Law

1991 • 583 citations

Activation and Behavior

1963 • 567 citations

BRAIN AND CONSCIOUS EXPERIENCE

1967 • 536 citations

Handbook of experimental psychology.

1951 • 534 citations

Mechanisms of Animal Behavior

1969 • 425 citations

CONDITIONS PRODUCING PSYCHOGENIC POLYDIPSIA IN ANIMALS*

1969 • 383 citations

Motor Mechanisms of the CNS: Cerebrocerebellar Interrelations

1969 • 359 citations

Aspects of Stimulation and Organization in Approach/Withdrawal Processes Underlying Vertebrate Behavioral Development

1965 • 302 citations

Sex and behavior

1965 • 291 citations

Inhibitory and excitatory factors influencing the receptive fields of lamina 5 spinal cord cells

1969 • 290 citations

Higher Cortical Functions in Man

1967 • 275 citations

Ethological Studies On Lebistes Reticulatus (Peters)

1955 • 273 citations

Mechanisms of Animal Behavior

1967 • 269 citations

Pharmacologic Dissociation of Behavior and EEG "Sleep Patterns" in Dogs: Morphine, N-Allylnormorphine, and Atropine

1952 • 263 citations

Ontogeny of social behaviour in burmese red junglefowl (gallus gallus spadiceus)

1964 • 261 citations

Preening of Two Tern Species. a Study On Displacement Activities

1958 • 259 citations

Brain and conscious experience

1967 • 230 citations

The Feather Postures of Birds and the Problem of the Origin of Social Signals

1956 • 218 citations

BEHAVIOR OF CHRONIC DECEREBRATE RATS

1964 • 218 citations

The Motivation Of Behavior

1961 • 217 citations

Modification of Motivated Behavior Elicited by Electrical Stimulation of the Hypothalamus

1968 • 195 citations

The Foundations of Science.

1914 • 194 citations

An Outline Of Philosophy

1932 • 193 citations

Control of Sensory Fields by Stimulation of Hypothalamus

1966 • 182 citations

Sexual Behavior: Stimulation by Painful Electrical Shock to Skin in Male Rats

1968 • 180 citations

Dynamic Psychology

1918 • 175 citations

The motivation of behavior.

1961 • 174 citations

Analysing sequences of behavioural events

1970 • 163 citations

Motivational Effects of Brain Stimulation and Drugs

2017 • 160 citations

On the functional organisation of drives

1963 • 148 citations

Regulation of food intake in the absence of taste, smell, and other oropharyngeal sensations.

1962 • 145 citations

Development of Grooming in Mice with Amputated Forelimbs

1973 • 136 citations

Effects of Stimulation of Brain Stem on Tachistoscopic Perception

1958 • 136 citations

Components of Skilled Performance

1966 • 131 citations

Organization of song in cardinals

1971 • 130 citations

Die Übersprungbewegung

1940 • 129 citations

Dissociation of Electrocortical Activation and Behavioural Arousal

1962 • 128 citations

Motivation: A Systematic Reinterpretation

1959 • 125 citations

An analysis of displacement preening in the domestic fowl

1972 • 124 citations

On the causal and functional significance of displacement activities

2010 • 123 citations

The role of fear in the motivation and acquisition of responses.

1949 • 122 citations

Motivation: A Systematic Reinterpretation

1960 • 121 citations

Free Behavior and Brain Stimulation

1964 • 118 citations

THE NEST‐BUILDING BEHAVIOUR OF DOMESTICATED CANARIES

1958 • 114 citations

Multisensory Convergence on Cortical Neurons Neuronal Effects of Visual, Acoustic and Vestibular Stimuli in the Superior Convolutions of the Cat's Cortex

1963 • 108 citations

ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF THE CAT'S BRAIN

1936 • 104 citations

Interrupted ongoing behaviour in two species of vole (Microtus agrestis and Clethrionomys britannicus). I. Response as a function of preceding activity and the context of an apparently ‘irrelevant’ motor pattern

1968 • 104 citations

Displacement grooming in the chaffinch

1961 • 101 citations

The Temporal Patterning of Courtship Behaviour in the Glandulocaudine Fishes (Ostariophysi, Characidae)

1964 • 96 citations

Unitary drives

1959 • 95 citations

Energy models of motivation.

1960 • 90 citations

Stereotyped Behaviors of Chimpanzees: Relation to General Arousal and Alternative Activities

1964 • 89 citations

Some remarks on behaviour in conflict situations, with special reference to Emberiza Spp

1956 • 73 citations

Normal and irrelevant toilet behaviour in Emberiza Spp.

1956 • 71 citations

The effect upon generalized drive strength of emotionality as inferred from the level of consummatory response.

1950 • 71 citations

Causal analysis of a displacement activity (fanning in Gasterosteus aculeatus L.)

1961 • 71 citations

A Stochastic Analysis of the Maintenance Behaviour of Skylarks

1969 • 70 citations

Non-Specific Stimulation and Sexual Behaviour in the Male Rat

1963 • 69 citations

On the Behaviour of the North American Moose (Alces Alces Andersoni Peterson 1950) in British Columbia

1963 • 68 citations

The Normal Feeding Behavior of the Three-Spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus Aculeatus L.)

1960 • 65 citations

Interrupted ongoing behaviour in two species of vole (Microtus agrestis and Clethrionomys britannicus). II. Extended analysis of motivational variables underlying fleeing and grooming behaviour

1968 • 65 citations

Displacement activity and motivational theory: A case study in the history of ethology.

1964 • 62 citations

Observations on the Behavioral Development of a Hand-Reared Male Timber Wolf

1967 • 62 citations

Instinctive behaviour: The development of a modern concept

1960 • 60 citations

Psychopharmacological Methods

1964 • 60 citations

Effects of ejaculation on sexual behavior in the male rat.

1959 • 60 citations

Irrelevant behaviour, information processing and arousal homeostasis

1970 • 59 citations

Behavior and reflexes of chronic striatal cats

1962 • 59 citations

The Temporal Pattern of Behaviour in Isolated Male Zebra Finches : Transition Analysis

1972 • 59 citations

Sequences of Precopulatory Behavior of the Jackal (Canis Aureus L.)

1971 • 57 citations

Drive interaction: I. Learning as a function of the simultaneous presence of the hunger and thirst drives.

1945 • 56 citations

Responses of rhesus monkeys to mildly stressful situations

1963 • 54 citations

Effect of food deprivation upon the rat's behavior in its home cage.

1963 • 52 citations

Causal and functional analysis of dorsal pricking and nest activity in the courtship of the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus

1970 • 51 citations

The effect of somaesthetic and photic stimuli on the activity of units in the striate cortex of unanaesthetized, unrestrained cats.

1965 • 51 citations

Control of Somatosensory Input by Cerebral Cortex

1966 • 47 citations

Ontogeny of social behaviour in Burmese red jungle fowl (Gallu gallus spadiceus Bonnaterre)

1964 • 44 citations

The relationship between external stimulation, food deprivation, and activity.

1956 • 44 citations

Appetence for aggression in juvenile Damsel fish

1971 • 44 citations

Reticular Homeostasis and Critical Reactivity

1963 • 42 citations

On the neural basis of the conditioned response

1955 • 40 citations

The relationship of emotionality to the consummatory response of eating.

1951 • 40 citations

An experimental test of an alleged innate sign stimulus.

1955 • 40 citations

Eine Übersicht Der Angeborenen Verhaltungsweisen Des Mittel-Europäischen Kormorans (Phalacrocorax Carbo Sinensis [Shaw & Nodd.]), Ihre Funktion, Ontogenetische Entwicklung Und Phylogenetische Herkunft

1940 • 39 citations

The problem of "innate fear" of the hawk shape: An experimental study with mallard ducks.

1959 • 38 citations

The effect of emotionality on the water intake of the rat.

1949 • 37 citations

The experimental production and analysis of a "compulsive eating symptom" in rats.

1951 • 34 citations

Inhibition and facilitation of eating by electric shock.

1962 • 34 citations

Effects of intromission without ejaculation upon sexual behavior in male rats.

1959 • 34 citations

Genetic and experiential factors affecting social reactions in male mice.

1956 • 34 citations

Hunger, thirst and displacement pecking in the barbary dove

1965 • 33 citations

Changing Concepts of the Precentral Motor Area

1965 • 33 citations

�ber die Ausl�sung der Flucht vor Raubv�geln bei Truth�hnern

1961 • 32 citations

Analyse Des Balzverhaltens Eines Domestizierten Truthahns (Meleagris)

1948 • 32 citations

The Effect of Anxiety on Food Intake in the Rat

1965 • 30 citations

Arousal, Channel-Capacity and Decision

1962 • 27 citations

The disinhibition interpretation of the ‘displacement’ activities during courtship in the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus

1970 • 25 citations

"Irrelevant" Ground Pecking in Agonistic Situations in Burmese Red Junglefowl (Gallus Gallus Spadiceus)

1973 • 25 citations

An electrophysiological analysis of pontine reticular regions showing different anatomical organization

1957 • 25 citations

Integration of the reproductive behaviour of female canaries.

1966 • 24 citations

Studies of Non-Specific Effects upon Electrical Responses in Sensory Systems

1963 • 23 citations

On the discontinuous nature of behavior

1968 • 21 citations

AN INTERPRETATION OF THE ‘DISPLACEMENT’ PHENOMENON*

1959 • 21 citations

Training, drive level, and drug effects: A temporal analysis of their combined influence of behavior.

1963 • 21 citations

The Disturbed Feeding Behavior of the Three-Spined Stickleback: I. Electric Shock Is Administered in the Food Area

1960 • 20 citations

Effects of Food Deprivation on Exploratory Behavior in a Novel Situation

1961 • 17 citations

The effects of stimulus size and proximity upon avoidance of complex objects in rhesus monkeys.

1962 • 16 citations

NONCONSUMPTION OF THE REINFORCER UNDER DRUG ACTION

1962 • 15 citations

Social behavior and its development in subhuman primates

1972 • 13 citations

Effects of electroconvulsive shock on sexual behavior in male rats.

1955 • 12 citations

I.—CAUSAL CHAINS

1955 • 12 citations

Learning in a multiple-door situation under various drive-states.

1957 • 9 citations

Some Effects of Frustration in a Free Responding Operant Situation

1969 • 8 citations

Some Asymmetrical Drive Summation Phenomena

1960 • 8 citations

Activating Role of An Irrelevant Drive in Absence of the Relevant Drive

1958 • 7 citations

Pharmacology and Physiology of the Reticular Formation

1967 • 6 citations

Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Psychotherapy: Sleep, Cataplexy, and Fatigue as Manifestations of Pavlovian Inhibition

1961 • 4 citations

A Study of the Effect of Neurotropic Drugs on the Behavioral Reactions at the Diencephalic Level

1967 • 4 citations

Irrelevant Aversive Stimulation as an Activator of an Appetitional Response: A Replication

1961 • 3 citations

The effect of an irrelevant motive on learning.

1958 • 2 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations