Effects of Race, Geography, Body Habitus, Diet, and Exercise on Vitamin D Metabolism

Decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obesity

2000 • 3,081 citations

Cloning and characterization of an extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptor from bovine parathyroid

1993 • 2,625 citations

Effect of Oral Alendronate on Bone Mineral Density and the Incidence of Fractures in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

1995 • 2,293 citations

INCREASED SKIN PIGMENT REDUCES THE CAPACITY OF SKIN TO SYNTHESISE VITAMIN D3

1982 • 1,154 citations

Hypovitaminosis D prevalence and determinants among African American and white women of reproductive age: third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994,

2002 • 1,010 citations

Exercise for preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women

2011 • 995 citations

The control of 25-hydroxyvitamin D metabolism by inorganic phosphorus

1973 • 781 citations

Evidence for alteration of the vitamin D-endocrine system in obese subjects.

1985 • 695 citations

Genetic evidence that the human CYP2R1 enzyme is a key vitamin D 25-hydroxylase

2004 • 695 citations

Control of 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Metabolism by Parathyroid Glands

1972 • 661 citations

Regulation of Cutaneous Previtamin D ₃ Photosynthesis in Man: Skin Pigment Is Not an Essential Regulator

1981 • 544 citations

Regulation by vitamin D metabolites of messenger ribonucleic acid for preproparathyroid hormone in isolated bovine parathyroid cells.

1985 • 495 citations

Evidence for alteration of the vitamin D-endocrine system in blacks.

1985 • 457 citations

Regulation by Calcium of In Vivo Synthesis of 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol and 21,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol

1971 • 443 citations

Physical Exercise as Prophylaxis against Involutional Vertebral Bone Loss: A Controlled Trial

1983 • 427 citations

Determinants of total body and regional bone mineral density in normal postmenopausal women--a key role for fat mass

1992 • 423 citations

Osteoblastic Cells Mediate Osteoclastic Responsiveness to Parathyroid Hormone*

1986 • 411 citations

Fat mass is an important determinant of whole body bone density in premenopausal women but not in men.

1992 • 403 citations

Low circulating vitamin D in obesity

1988 • 396 citations

Prevention of Involutional Bone Loss by Exercise

1978 • 382 citations

Bone density in athletes.

1971 • 381 citations

De-orphanization of Cytochrome P450 2R1

2003 • 376 citations

The Cutaneous Photosynthesis of Previtamin D3: A Unique Photoendocrine System

1981 • 374 citations

Alendronate treatment of the postmenopausal osteoporotic woman: Effect of multiple dosages on bone mass and bone remodeling

1995 • 366 citations

The Distribution and Storage of Vitamin D and its Metabolites in Human Tissues

1972 • 341 citations

Racial differences in hip axis lengths might explain racial differences in rates of hip fracture

1994 • 314 citations

Effects of parathyroid hormone on renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, sodium, and phosphate

1973 • 298 citations

Positive and Negative Regulations of the Renal 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1α-Hydroxylase Gene by Parathyroid Hormone, Calcitonin, and 1α,25(OH)2D3 in Intact Animals*

1999 • 291 citations

Vitamin D and Its Metabolites in Human and Bovine Milk

1981 • 288 citations

The Effects of Race and Body Habitus on Bone Mineral Density of the Radius, Hip, and Spine in Premenopausal Women*

1988 • 281 citations

Relationship of body composition, muscle strength, and aerobic capacity to bone mineral density in older men and women

1989 • 276 citations

Exercise for preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women

2002 • 274 citations

Oral intake of phosphorus can determine the serum concentration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D by determining its production rate in humans.

1986 • 269 citations

Sunlight exposure and vitamin D deficiency in Turkish women

2000 • 269 citations

Deposition in and release of vitamin D3 from body fat: evidence for a storage site in the rat

1971 • 264 citations

Decreased incidence of hip fracture in Hispanics, Asians, and blacks: California Hospital Discharge Data.

1988 • 256 citations

Sunshine exposure and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in exclusively breast-fed infants

1985 • 256 citations

Vitamin D status and bone histomorphometry in gross obesity

1981 • 250 citations

Evaluation of the Total Fetomaternal Vitamin D Relationships at Term: Evidence for Racial Differences*

1984 • 231 citations

Vitamin D Deficiency and Chronic Low Back Pain in Saudi Arabia

2003 • 219 citations

Regulation of the hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in vivo and in primary cultures of chick kidney cells.

1979 • 213 citations

Regulation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor gene expression by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the parathyroid in vivo.

1990 • 200 citations

Studies of Vitamin D Deficiency in Man

1975 • 199 citations

OSTEOPOROSIS AND FRACTURE OF THE FEMORAL NECK IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN BANTU

1968 • 197 citations

Differences in bone mineral in young Asian and Caucasian Americans may reflect differences in bone size

1996 • 195 citations

Diminished Rates of Bone Formation in Normal Black Adults

1988 • 195 citations

Sex-specific and race-specific hip fracture rates.

1990 • 192 citations

Resistance to Bone Resorbing Effects of PTH in Black Women

1997 • 184 citations

Bone density in women: College athletes and older athletic women

1984 • 180 citations

Bone Mineral Density of the Spine and Femur in Healthy Saudi Females: Relation to Vitamin D Status, Pregnancy, and Lactation

1999 • 179 citations

The effects of muscle-building exercise on bone mineral density of the radius, spine, and hip in young men

1989 • 174 citations

Vitamin D Metabolism Is Altered in Asian Indians in the Southern United States: A Clinical Research Center Study¹

1998 • 168 citations

Low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Normal Serum Calcium Concentrations in Saudi Arabia: Riyadh Region

1984 • 167 citations

BONE DENSITY IN AGEING CAUCASIAN AND AFRICAN POPULATIONS

1979 • 167 citations

Prospective study of vitamin D supplementation and rickets in China

1992 • 162 citations

The effects of muscle-building exercise on Vitamin D and mineral metabolism

1988 • 157 citations

Stimulatory Effect of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 on Renal Pi Transport and Plasma 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃*

1990 • 155 citations

Vertebral Fractures in Beijing, China: The Beijing Osteoporosis Project

2000 • 153 citations

Evidence that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits the hepatic production of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in man.

1984 • 146 citations

Bone mineral density in elite junior Olympic weightlifters

1993 • 144 citations

Regulation of the metabolism of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in primary cultures of chick kidney cells.

1979 • 144 citations

Indian and Pakistani immigrants have the same capacity as Caucasians to produce vitamin D in response to ultraviolet irradiation

1986 • 143 citations

The Loads on the Lumbar Spine During Extreme Weight Lifting

1987 • 141 citations

Risk Factors for Hip Fracture in Black Women

1994 • 140 citations

An Outbreak of Vitamin D Deficiency Rickets in a Susceptible Population

1979 • 138 citations

Racial Differences in Bone Turnover and Calcium Metabolism in Adolescent Females

2003 • 137 citations

High prevalence of rickets in infants on macrobiotic diets

1990 • 134 citations

Vitamin D status of women in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study: association with diet and casual exposure to sunlight

2001 • 134 citations

In VivoEvidence for the Intermediary Role of 3′,5′-Cyclic AMP in Parathyroid Hormone-Induced Stimulation of lα,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D₃Synthesis in Rats

1977 • 131 citations

Differences in calcium absorption and kinetics between black and white girls aged 5–16 years

1995 • 129 citations

VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY AMONG ASIAN IMMIGRANTS TO BRITAIN

1973 • 126 citations

Factors that influence absorption and secretion of calcium in the small intestine and colon

1985 • 125 citations

Influence of body habitus and race on bone mineral density of the midradius, hip, and spine in aging women

1989 • 123 citations

Sources of interracial variation in bone mineral density

1995 • 122 citations

Black-White Differences in Fracture Rates

1992 • 119 citations

Calcium Regulates Parathyroid Hormone Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA), but not Calcitonin mRNAin Vivoin the Rat. Dominant Role of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D*

1989 • 119 citations

Kinetics of trabecular bone resorption and formation in hypothyroidism: Evidence for a positive balance per remodeling cycle

1986 • 117 citations

Neonatal rickets in Asian immigrant population.

1973 • 113 citations

Rickets and Osteomalacia in the Glasgow Pakistani Community, 1961-71

1972 • 112 citations

Insulin-like growth factor-I regulation of renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1-hydroxylase activity.

1993 • 111 citations

Racial differences in pre- and postmenopausal bone homeostasis: Association with bone density

1992 • 110 citations

Resurgence of Nutritional Rickets Associated with Breast-Feeding and Special Dietary Practices

1980 • 108 citations

Vitamin D deficiency in Iranian mothers and their neonates: a pilot study

2001 • 106 citations

PLASMA 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D LEVELS DURING PREGNANCY IN CAUCASIANS AND IN VEGETARIAN AND NON-VEGETARIAN ASIANS

1975 • 105 citations

Solar ultraviolet B radiation and photoproduction of vitamin D3 in central and southern areas of argentina

1995 • 104 citations

Exercise and Lumbar Spine Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data

2002 • 103 citations

Vitamin D Metabolism Is Altered in Asian Indians in the Southern United States: A Clinical Research Center Study

1998 • 103 citations

Demonstration of a difference in urinary calcium, not calcium absorption, in black and white adolescents

1993 • 100 citations

PHYTIC ACID AND NUTRITIONAL RICKETS IN IMMIGRANTS

1972 • 99 citations

FLORID AND SUBCLINICAL RICKETS AMONG IMMIGRANT CHILDREN IN GLASGOW

1976 • 99 citations

Vitamin D hydroxylases

1992 • 98 citations

Histomorphometry of iliac crest bone in 346 normal black and white South African adults

1990 • 98 citations

Bone histomorphometry and vitamin D status after biliopancreatic bypass for obesity

1984 • 97 citations

25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels among healthy children in Alaska

2003 • 97 citations

Calcium retention and hormone levels in black and white women on high- and low-calcium diets

1993 • 96 citations

PLASMA 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D IN PREGNANT ASIAN WOMEN AND THEIR BABIES

1979 • 92 citations

BIOSOCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING VITAMIN D STATUS OF WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

1998 • 91 citations

Racial differences in parathyroid hormone dynamics.

1994 • 90 citations

OBSERVATIONS ON THE VITAMIN D STATE OF PREGNANT ASIAN WOMEN IN LONDON

1981 • 89 citations

Dietary Intake of Vitamin D in Premenopausal, Healthy Vegans was Insufficient to Maintain Concentrations of Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Intact Parathyroid Hormone Within Normal Ranges During the Winter in Finland

2000 • 89 citations

Greater secretion of growth hormone in black than in white men: possible factor in greater bone mineral density--a clinical research center study.

1995 • 89 citations

INFANTILE RICKETS RETURNS TO GLASGOW

1963 • 89 citations

Vitamin D nutrition in pregnant women at term and in newly born babies in Saudi Arabia.

1984 • 87 citations

Regulation of the parathyroid hormone gene by vitamin D, calcium and phosphate

1999 • 87 citations

Exposure to sunlight and vitamin D deficiency in Saudi Arabian women

1984 • 86 citations

Parathyroid Hormone Modulation of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D₃Metabolism by Cultured Chick Kidney Cells Is Mimicked and Enhanced by Forskolin*

1985 • 84 citations

Reduced Bone Mass in Dutch Adolescents Fed a Macrobiotic Diet in Early Life

1997 • 84 citations

The Low Incidence of Fracture of the Hip in the Negro

1962 • 83 citations

Occult Rickets and Osteomalacia amongst the Asian Immigrant Population

1973 • 82 citations

Evidence that blood ionized calcium can regulate serum 1,25(OH)2D3 independently of parathyroid hormone and phosphorus in the rat.

1985 • 81 citations

Chronic 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 administration in the rat reduces the serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D by increasing metabolic clearance rate.

1986 • 77 citations

Calcium, vitamin D-endocrine system, and parathyroid hormone in black and white males

1987 • 77 citations

Vitamin D deficiency rickets in breast‐fed infants presenting with hypocalcaemic seizures

1995 • 75 citations

Ethnic differences in bone density in female South African nurses

1995 • 75 citations

Low body weight as a risk factor for hip fracture in both black and white women

1989 • 71 citations

How Much Vitamin D for Neonates?

1991 • 70 citations

Differences in hip axis and femoral neck length in premenopausal women of Polynesian, Asian and European origin

1997 • 69 citations

PREVENTION OF VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY IN ASIANS

1976 • 65 citations

BONE MASS IN OBESE SUBJECTS

1975 • 64 citations

Vitamin D Deficiency Rickets

1994 • 64 citations

Adolescent Rickets in Saudi Arabia: A Rich and Sunny Country

2002 • 62 citations

Difference in Bone Mass between Black and White American Children: Attributable to Body Build, Sex Hormone Levels, or Bone Turnover?

2003 • 61 citations

Vitamin D status of breastfed Pakistani infants.

1998 • 61 citations

Evidence of a probable role for 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the regulation of human calcium metabolism

1988 • 61 citations

EFFECT OF CHAPATTIS AND ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATION ON NUTRITIONAL RICKETS IN AN INDIAN IMMIGRANT

1973 • 61 citations

The Importance of Limited Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation and Dietary Factors in the Aetiology of Asian Rickets: A Risk-factor Model

1987 • 60 citations

Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and secondary hyperparathyroidism in middle-aged white strict vegetarians

1993 • 60 citations

Low Risk of Vertebral Fracture in Mexican American Women

1987 • 59 citations

Hip fracture incidence among elderly Hispanics.

1998 • 57 citations

Policy for prevention of Asian rickets in Britain: a preliminary assessment of the Glasgow rickets campaign.

1981 • 56 citations

Vitamin D status, parathyroid hormone and sunlight in Turkish, Moroccan and Caucasian children in The Netherlands.

1990 • 53 citations

The 25(OH)D3/1α,25(OH)2D3-24R-hydroxylase: a catabolic or biosynthetic enzyme?

2001 • 51 citations

Asian Osteomalacia is Determined by Dietary Factors when Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation is Restricted: a Risk Factor Model

1990 • 51 citations

The parathyroid gland in health and disease.

1986 • 51 citations

Bone mineral content in Polynesian and white New Zealand women.

1986 • 48 citations

Calcium Absorption and Kinetics Are Similar in 7- and 8-Year-Old Mexican-American and Caucasian Girls Despite Hormonal Differences

1999 • 48 citations

Vitamin D status in different subgroups of British Asians.

1976 • 46 citations

92235434 Determinants of total body and regional bone mineral density in normal postmenopausal women - A key role for fat mass

1993 • 46 citations

Blunted seasonal variation in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and increased risk of osteomalacia in vegetarian London Asians.

1992 • 45 citations

Vitamin D status of breastfed Pakistani infants

1998 • 42 citations

Vitamin D state of Asians living in Pakistan.

1983 • 41 citations

Alteration of Vitamin D metabolism in mexican-Americans

1990 • 41 citations

Bone mineral density in older non-Hispanic Caucasian and Mexican-American women: relationship to lean and fat mass

2000 • 40 citations

Impairment of vitamin D metabolism and bone mineral content after intestinal bypass for obesity. A longitudinal study.

1984 • 37 citations

Vitamin D Deficiency Rickets

2003 • 35 citations

Serum Concentrations of Vitamin D Metabolites in Rachitic Libyan Children

1989 • 34 citations

Demonstration of a lack of racial difference in secretion of growth hormone despite a racial difference in bone mineral density in premenopausal women--a Clinical Research Center study.

1996 • 34 citations

Differential Response of Duodenal Epithelial Cells to 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃According to Position on the Villus: A Comparison of Calcium Uptake, Calcium-Binding Protein, and Alkaline Phosphatase Activity*

1984 • 33 citations

SERUM-25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D CONCENTRATIONS IN ADOLESCENT BOYS

1977 • 31 citations

Evidence that obesity does not influence the vitamin D-endocrine system in blacks

1986 • 30 citations

Calcitropic Hormone Levels in Polynesians: Evidence against Their Role in Interracial Differences in Bone Mass*

1990 • 29 citations

Risk of postmenopausal hip fracture in Mexican American women.

1986 • 26 citations

Persisting vitamin D deficiency in the Asian adolescent.

1984 • 25 citations

25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 reverses alteration of the vitamin D-endocrine system in blacks

1995 • 24 citations

Nutritional and metabolic rickets

1997 • 24 citations

Impairment of Vitamin D Metabolism and Bone Mineral Content after Intestinal Bypass for Obesity

1984 • 23 citations

Quantitative Noninvasive Method to Measure Cerebral Blood Flow in Newborn Infants

1979 • 22 citations

Comparison of Preseasonal and Coseasonal Allpyral with Depo-Medrone in Summer Hay-fever

1969 • 22 citations

Pure red-cell aplasia after gold treatment.

1977 • 21 citations

Treatment of Ringworm of the Scalp

1949 • 21 citations

25-Hydroxycholecalciferol levels in bedouins in the Negev

1976 • 19 citations

Urinary calcium in normal adults and in patients with renal stone: An interracial study

1967 • 18 citations

Vitamin D Deficiency Rickets

1987 • 17 citations

Growth Hormone Secretion and Bone Mineral Density in Prepubertal Black and White Boys

2002 • 17 citations

A histomorphometric determination of iliac bone structure and remodeling in obese subjects

1986 • 13 citations

The effect of ethnicity on appendicular bone mass in white, coloured and Indian schoolchildren.

1993 • 13 citations

Hypocalcemia in Nonwhite Breast-Fed Infants

1992 • 13 citations

Diagnostic Criteria of Vitamin D Deficiency

1993 • 12 citations

Proximal femoral fractures: Prevalence in different racial groups

1992 • 10 citations

[Vitamin D status in aged subjects. Study of a Lebanese population].

1998 • 10 citations

Is avoidance of sunlight a cause of fractures of the femoral neck in elderly Saudis?

1984 • 7 citations

Serum 25‐OHD Levels in Maternal and Cord Blood in Beijing, China

1990 • 5 citations

Fibrinolysis in renal disease.

1969 • 4 citations

The Actual Cautery

1901 • 2 citations