Electrical Stimulation as a Tool in Memory Research

The organization of behavior.

1950 • 6,879 citations

Episodic and Semantic Memory

2007 • 3,890 citations

A permanent change in brain function resulting from daily electrical stimulation

1969 • 3,056 citations

Positive reinforcement produced by electrical stimulation of septal area and other regions of rat brain.

1954 • 3,047 citations

Which elements are excited in electrical stimulation of mammalian central nervous system: A review

1975 • 2,007 citations

Time-Dependent Processes in Memory Storage

1966 • 1,452 citations

Neural mechanisms of learning and memory

1977 • 864 citations

The Neurobiology of the Amygdala

1972 • 817 citations

The Cholinergic Synapse and the Site of Memory

1972 • 741 citations

The Physiological Basis of Memory

1969 • 657 citations

Hypothalamic Substrates of Reward

1962 • 474 citations

Electrical Stimulation of the Brain

1962 • 473 citations

Stimulation and Regional Ablation of the Amygdaloid Complex with Reference to Functional Representations

1972 • 397 citations

Reexamination of the role of the hypothalamus in motivation.

1970 • 388 citations

Forebrain inhibitory mechanisms: Sleep patterns induced by basal forebrain stimulation in the behaving cat

1962 • 375 citations

Drug discrimination and state dependent learning

1978 • 347 citations

Functions of the amygdala.

1964 • 283 citations

Speech and brain mechanisms

1960 • 254 citations

Amnesia, consolidation, and retrieval.

1973 • 239 citations

Modification of memory storage processes

1971 • 214 citations

Structure of memory traces.

1975 • 211 citations

Electrical Stimulation of the Brain in Behavioral Context

1969 • 186 citations

Organization of short-term verbal memory in language areas of human cortex: Evidence from electrical stimulation

1978 • 170 citations

Facts and hypotheses concerning memory consolidation processes

1970 • 145 citations

Retroactive impairment of passive avoidance learning by stimulation of the caudate nucleus

1968 • 128 citations

Free Behavior and Brain Stimulation

1964 • 118 citations

Parametric analysis of brain stimulation reward in the rat: I. The transient process and the memory-containing process.

1974 • 115 citations

Amnesia produced by brief electrical stimulation of amygdala or dorsal hippocampus in cats.

1971 • 112 citations

ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF MONKEY BRAIN WITH VARIOUS FREQUENCIES AND PULSE DURATIONS

1956 • 107 citations

An analysis of electrical properties of metal electrodes

1964 • 105 citations

Memory facilitation by posttrial hypothalamic stimulation and other reinforcers: A central theory of reinforcement

1977 • 104 citations

Memory Disruption by Electrical Stimulation of Substantia Nigra, Pars Compacta

1973 • 101 citations

Fractionation of Hippocampal Function in Learning

1975 • 94 citations

Rate-independent test of reinforcing consequences of brain stimulation.

1964 • 91 citations

Memory disruption by unilateral low level, sub-seizure stimulation of the medial amygdaloid nucleus

1972 • 91 citations

Electrical stimulation of monkeys' prefrontal cortex during delayed-response performance.

1969 • 84 citations

Threshold movements produced by excitation of cerebral cortex and efferent fibers with some parametric regions of rectangular current pulses (cats and monkeys)

1952 • 83 citations

Duration and nature of retrograde amnesia produced by stimulation of caudate nucleus

1971 • 81 citations

Retrograde amnesia produced by subseizure amygdala stimulation

1973 • 80 citations

A neural system analysis of memory storage and retrieval.

1973 • 79 citations

The Experimental Delimitation of Neural Structures Essential for Learning: The Attempt to Condition Striped Muscle Responses with Faradization of the Sigmoid Gyri

1935 • 72 citations

Different effects of posttrial driving or blocking of the theta rhythm on avoidance learning in rats

1977 • 71 citations

Effects of posttrial electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation on avoidance learning in rats

1970 • 68 citations

Effects of electrical stimulation of rat limbic system and midbrain reticular formation upon short- and long-term memory

1974 • 66 citations

Effects of posttrial hippocampal stimulation on memory storage and EEG activity

1973 • 64 citations

POLARIZATION PHENOMENA RELATING TO PHYSIOLOGICAL ELECTRODES

1969 • 61 citations

Effects of electrical stimulation of amygdala upon neophobia and taste aversion

1975 • 59 citations

A Cognitive Approach to Experimental Amnesia

1976 • 58 citations

Brain stimulation: Effects on memory

1982 • 58 citations

Post-trial hippocampal and lateral hypothalamic electrical stimulation

1978 • 55 citations

The hippocampus and retrograde amnesia: Localization of some positive and negative memory disruptive sites

1973 • 55 citations

Unipolar and bipolar electrodes in self-stimulation experiments

1961 • 50 citations

Independence of Short- and Long-Term Memory: A Neural System Analysis

1972 • 48 citations

Bilateral kindled amygdala foci and inhibitory avoidance behavior in rats: A functional lesion effect

1977 • 48 citations

Disruption of short-term visual memory by electrical stimulation of inferotemporal cortex in the monkey.

1972 • 47 citations

Facilitation of avoidance learning by posttrial hippocampal electrical stimulation.

1969 • 46 citations

Changes in side preference during unilateral electrical stimulation of the caudate nucleus in rats

1975 • 45 citations

Impairment of active avoidance learning with post-training amygdala stimulation

1974 • 42 citations

Amnesia produced by unilateral, subseizure, electrical stimulation of the amygdala in rats

1975 • 41 citations

Differential amnestic effects produced by electrical stimulation of the caudate nucleus and nonspecific thalamic system

1972 • 40 citations

Monopolar and bipolar stimulation of the brain

1962 • 37 citations

Experimental Performance of Steel and Platinum Electrodes with Chronic Monophasic Stimulation of the Brain

1969 • 37 citations

Posttrial hippocampal, amygdaloid, and lateral hypothalamic electrical stimulation: Effects on short- and long-term memory of an appetitive experience.

1976 • 36 citations

A caution to brain scientists: unsuspected hemorrhagic vascular damage resulting from mere electrode implantation

1976 • 35 citations

Stimulation of rat medial or sulcal prefontal cortex during passive avoidance learning selectively influences retention performance

1976 • 34 citations

Diminished amnestic effect of a second electroconvulsive seizure

1970 • 33 citations

Impaired retention of visual discriminated escape training produced by subseizure amygdala stimulation

1976 • 31 citations

Modulation of memory processes induced by stimulation of the entorhinal cortex

1977 • 30 citations

Differential effects of electrical stimulation of amygdala, caudate-putamen or substantia nigra pars compacta on taste aversion and passive avoidance in rats

1978 • 29 citations

The Amnesia Gradient: Inadequate as Evidence for a Memory Consolidation Process

1976 • 29 citations

Emotional and associative mechanisms in rat brain.

1961 • 28 citations

Passive avoidance retention and caudate stimulation

1973 • 26 citations

Effects of caudate nucleus stimulation upon initiation and performance of a complex motor task

1974 • 26 citations

Neuroanatomical localization of memory disruption: Relationship between brain structure and learning task

1973 • 25 citations

Studies of neural structures essential for learning. II. The conditioning of salivary and striped muscle responses to faradization of cortical sensory elements, and the action of sleep upon such mechanisms.

1938 • 25 citations

Caudate stimulation and retrograde amnesia: Amnesia threshold and gradient

1972 • 24 citations

Short-term memory: The role of the midbrain reticular formation.

1980 • 23 citations

Differential effects of a reminder cue on amnesia induced by stimulation of amygdala and hippocampus.

1981 • 22 citations

Experimental animal model of transient global amnesia: Role of the hippocampus

1975 • 21 citations

Retrograde amnesia and hippocampal stimulation: Dependence upon the nature of associations formed during conditioning

1978 • 21 citations

Brain stimulation and retrograde amnesia in rats: A neuroanatomical approach

1972 • 20 citations

Effects of midbrain reticular formation, hippocampal, and lateral hypothalamic stimulation upon recovery from neophobia and taste aversion learning

1977 • 19 citations

On the optimal pulse duration in electrical stimulation of the brain

1974 • 19 citations

State-dependent learning induced by low intensity electrical stimulation of the caudate or amygdala nuclei in rats

1979 • 14 citations

Retrograde amnesia initiated by low-level stimulation of hippocampal cytoarchitectonic areas

1974 • 14 citations

Brain stimulation and behavior: Controls and consequences

1974 • 13 citations

Electrical Stimulation of the Brain

1974 • 13 citations

Effects of hippocampal and lateral hypothalamic electrical stimulation on hippocampal cholinergic mechanisms in BALB/c inbred mice

1977 • 10 citations

The physiological interpretation of electrical stimulation of the nervous system.

1978 • 9 citations

Rewarding periaqueductal gray stimulation disrupts long-term memory for passive avoidance learning

1980 • 8 citations

Electrode polarization and the detection of electrical stimulation of the brain

1977 • 7 citations

New evidence concerning refractory period in self-stimulation neurons

1972 • 6 citations

Diencephalon. Autonomic and Extrapyramidal Functions

1956 • 4 citations

The sequence of topics in beginners' psychology.

1915 • 1 citations