Antepartum Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring: State of the Art

Cardiovascular responses to hypoxemia and acidemia in fetal lambs

1974 • 819 citations

Are there behavioural states in the human fetus?

1982 • 813 citations

Antepartum fetal evaluation: Development of a fetal biophysical profile

1980 • 782 citations

Ultrasound evaluation of amniotic fluid volume

1984 • 528 citations

Blood flow to fetal organs as a function of arterial oxygen content

1979 • 515 citations

Patterns of gross fetal body movements over 24-hour observation intervals during the last 10weeks of pregnancy

1982 • 446 citations

A mathematical model of heart rate control by sympathetic and vagus efferent information

1962 • 293 citations

Qualitative amniotic fluid volume determination by ultrasound: Antepartum detection of intrauterine growth retardation

1981 • 285 citations

Intrauterine Asphyxia and the Developing Fetal Brain

1978 • 274 citations

Nonstressed fetal heart rate monitoring in the antepartum period

1976 • 267 citations

A prospective multi-institutional study of antepartum fetal heart rate monitoring

1982 • 248 citations

Antepartum fetal heart rate testing

1979 • 240 citations

Modern perinatal medicine

1974 • 228 citations

Daily fetal movement recording and fetal prognosis.

1973 • 217 citations

Fetal assessment based on fetal biophysical profile scoring: Experience in 12,620 referred high-risk pregnancies

1985 • 211 citations

The electronic evaluation of fetal heart rate

1961 • 198 citations

Fetal heart rate acceleration in response to acoustic stimulation as a measure of fetal well-being

1977 • 133 citations

Studies of antepartum behavioral state in the human fetus at term

1978 • 132 citations

Fetal acoustic stimulation testing

1986 • 131 citations

Predictability of the state of fetal oxygenation from a quantitative analysis of the components of late deceleration

1973 • 124 citations

Fetal activity acceleration determination for the evaluation of fetal reserve.

1976 • 122 citations

The role of ultrasound assessment of amniotic fluid volume in the management of the postdate pregnancy

1985 • 120 citations

A prospective multi-institutional study of antepartum fetal heart rate monitoring

1982 • 116 citations

DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE UNSTRESSED ANTEPARTUM CARDIOTOCOGRAM

1977 • 111 citations

The nonstress test: How long is enough?

1981 • 111 citations

Survival and outcome of infants 501 to 750 gm: A six-year experience

1983 • 103 citations

The nonstress test: A review of 3,000 tests

1981 • 91 citations

Antepartum fetal heart rate response to sound stimulation: The acoustic stimulation test

1984 • 85 citations

Routine Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring in the Antepartum Period

1979 • 85 citations

Outcome in infants with birth weight 500 to 999 gm:A regional study of 1979 and 1980 births

1984 • 76 citations

Antepartum fetal heart rate testing

1981 • 76 citations

The association between fetal heart rate patterns and fetal movements in pregnancies between 20 and 30 weeks' gestation

1982 • 76 citations

Fetal acoustic stimulation testing: A retrospective experience with the fetal acoustic stimulation test

1985 • 75 citations

Contraction stress test for antepartum fetal evaluation.

1975 • 71 citations

Baseline fetal heart rate characteristics as an indicator of fetal status during the antepartum period

1976 • 69 citations

Differences in twins: The importance of birth order

1985 • 64 citations

Regulation of the fetal heart rate and genesis of FHR patterns.

1978 • 64 citations

The nonstress test: An evaluation of 1,000 patients

1981 • 63 citations

Clinical application of a scoring system for evaluation of antepartum fetal heart rate monitoring

1978 • 62 citations

The relationship of the nonstress test to gestational age

1985 • 61 citations

The heart and circulation in the newborn and infant

1967 • 59 citations

The Nonstress Test

1978 • 58 citations

Antepartum fetal heart rate testing: The nonstress test

1978 • 57 citations

Fetal heart rate patterns and fetal distress in fetuses with congenital anomalies.

1979 • 57 citations

Fetal heart rate decelerations during a nonstress test.

1981 • 54 citations

Second-trimester fetal monitoring and preterm delivery in pregnancies with systemic lupus erythematosus and/or circulating anticoagulant

1987 • 52 citations

Heart rate response of the human fetus to induced maternal hypoxia

1967 • 51 citations

A scoring system for nonstressed antepartum fetal heart rate monitoring

1979 • 47 citations

The relationship between movements and accelerations in fetal heart rate at twenty-four to thirty-two weeks' gestation

1984 • 46 citations

ANTEPARTUM DIAGNOSIS OF THE “TERMINAL” FETAL STATE BY CARDIOTOCOGRAPHY

1975 • 45 citations

Antepartum fetal heart rate testing

1980 • 43 citations

Relationship of nonstress test reactivity and gestational age.

1984 • 42 citations

Continuing role of the nonstress test in the management of postdates pregnancy.

1984 • 41 citations

A prospective analysis of the influence of gestational age on the baseline fetal heart rate and reactivity in a low-risk population

1985 • 37 citations

A critical appraisal of fetal acoustic stimulation as an antenatal test for fetal well-being.

1988 • 36 citations

The nonstress test: The value of a single acceleration in evaluating the fetus at risk

1980 • 35 citations

Effects of maternal cigarette smoking on fetal trunk movements, fetal breathing movements and the fetal heart rate

1984 • 33 citations

Fetal response to vibratory acoustic stimulation in periods of low heart rate reactivity and low activity

1986 • 33 citations

Fetal heart rate monitoring in premature infants weighing 1,500 grams or less

1980 • 32 citations

Clinical sequelae of the extended nonstress test

1985 • 31 citations

The nonstress test: The false negative test

1982 • 31 citations

The significance of fetal heart rate decelerations during nonstress testing

1984 • 30 citations

Antepartum fetal heart rate testing

1985 • 26 citations

The rationale for antepartum fetal heart rate monitoring.

1979 • 25 citations

Effect of maternal glucose ingestion compared with maternal water ingestion on the nonstress test.

1986 • 23 citations

Fetal heart rates during maternal wakefulness and sleep.

1981 • 22 citations

Relationship of baseline fetal heart rate to gestational age and fetal sex

1986 • 22 citations

Delivery of the Very Low Birth Weight Infant

1981 • 20 citations

Behavioural states in the human fetus

1984 • 20 citations

Antepartum fetal heart rate testing

1979 • 17 citations

Intrauterine fetal death in twins after 32 weeks of gestation.

1985 • 17 citations

Evaluation of the contraction stress test before 33 weeks' gestation.

1978 • 17 citations

Nonstress testing

1980 • 16 citations

Fetal acoustic stimulation testing. III. Predictive value of a reactive test.

1988 • 14 citations

Comparative study of stressed and nonstressed antepartum fetal heart rate testing.

1981 • 13 citations

The Relationship Between Gestational Age and Birth-Weight in Twin Pregnancy

1984 • 11 citations

Predictive Value of Antepartum Non‐Stress Test in Multiple Pregnancies

1984 • 11 citations

Clinical experience with the oxytocin challenge test. II. An ominous atypical pattern.

1975 • 10 citations

Significant fetal bradycardia during antepartum heart rate testing

1984 • 9 citations

Prognostic components of the nonreactive nonstress test.

1980 • 7 citations