Effector mechanisms involved in cytokine-mediated bacteriostasis of Mycobacterium avium infections in murine macrophages.

Release of reactive nitrogen intermediates and reactive oxygen intermediates from mouse peritoneal macrophages. Comparison of activating cytokines and evidence for independent production.

1988 • 2,865 citations

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)

1985 • 1,932 citations

Identification of interferon-gamma as the lymphokine that activates human macrophage oxidative metabolism and antimicrobial activity.

1983 • 1,918 citations

Nitric oxide. A macrophage product responsible for cytostasis and respiratory inhibition in tumor target cells.

1989 • 1,747 citations

The inducing role of tumor necrosis factor in the development of bactericidal granulomas during BCG infection

1989 • 1,269 citations

Effect of weak bases on the intralysosomal pH in mouse peritoneal macrophages.

1981 • 736 citations

Weak bases and ionophores rapidly and reversibly raise the pH of endocytic vesicles in cultured mouse fibroblasts.

1982 • 569 citations

Tumor Necrosis Factor and Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor Stimulate Human Macrophages to Restrict Growth of Virulent Mycobacterium avium and to Kill Avirulent M. avium: Killing Effector Mechanism Depends on the Generation of Reactive Nitrogen Intermediates

1991 • 390 citations

Legionella pneumophila inhibits acidification of its phagosome in human monocytes.

1984 • 384 citations

Tumor necrosis factor, alone or in combination with IL-2, but not IFN-gamma, is associated with macrophage killing of Mycobacterium avium complex.

1988 • 378 citations

Ammonia inhibits phagosome–lysosome fusion in macrophages

1980 • 339 citations

Gamma interferon activates human macrophages to become tumoricidal and leishmanicidal but enhances replication of macrophage-associated mycobacteria

1985 • 315 citations

Evidence that vesicles containing living, virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Mycobacterium avium in cultured human macrophages are not acidic

1991 • 299 citations

Phagosome acidification blocked by intracellular Toxoplasma gondii

1985 • 295 citations

Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection

1988 • 241 citations

Mycobacterium avium Infection and AIDS: A Therapeutic Dilemma in Rapid Evolution

1991 • 220 citations

Survival of Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and DisseminatedMycobacterium aviumComplex Infection with and without Antimycobacterial Chemotherapy

1991 • 203 citations

The exit of Trypanosoma cruzi from the phagosome is inhibited by raising the pH of acidic compartments.

1990 • 180 citations

Treatment of experimental disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in mice with recombinant IL-2 and tumor necrosis factor.

1989 • 125 citations

Differential mechanisms of intracellular killing ofMycobacterium aviumandListeria monocytogenesby activated human and murine macrophages. The role of nitric oxide

1993 • 122 citations

Recombinant Granulocyte–Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Activates Human Macrophages to Inhibit Growth or Kill Mycobacterium avium Complex

1990 • 111 citations

Bidirectional effects of cytokines on the growth of Mycobacterium avium within human monocytes.

1991 • 111 citations

Interleukin-6 antagonizes tumor necrosis factor-mediated mycobacteriostatic and mycobactericidal activities in macrophages

1992 • 91 citations

Recombinant tumour necrosis factor-alpha decreases whereas recombinant interleukin-6 increases growth of a virulent strain of Mycobacterium avium in human macrophages.

1990 • 77 citations

Production of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by monocytes and large granular lymphocytes stimulated with Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare: activation of bactericidal activity by GM-CSF

1991 • 71 citations

Strain Virulence and the Lysosomal Response in Macrophages Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

1974 • 60 citations

Effect of pH on the in vitro potency of clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium complex

1991 • 54 citations

Strain- and Donor-Related Differences in the Interaction of Mycobacterium avium with Human Monocytes and its Modulation by Interferon-

1990 • 53 citations

Growth of Mycobacterium avium in human monocytes: identification of cytokines which reduce and enhance intracellular microbial growth

1991 • 51 citations

Acidification of Phagosomes in Murine Macrophages: Blockage by Nocardia asteroides

1986 • 49 citations

Modulation of Mycobacterium avium growth in vivo by cytokines: involvement of tumour necrosis factor in resistance to atypical mycobacteria

1991 • 39 citations

Identity between human interferon‐γ and “macrophage‐activating factor” produced by human T lymphocytes

1986 • 24 citations

Effect of gamma interferon on hydrogen peroxide production by cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages

1986 • 20 citations

Inhibition of growth of Mycobacterium avium in murine and human mononuclear phagocytes by migration inhibitory factor

1993 • 15 citations

In vitro activity of antimicrobial agents against the Mycobacterium avium complex inside macrophages from HIV1-infected individuals: the link to clinical response to treatment?

1992 • 14 citations