Effectiveness of syringe exchange programs in reducing HIV risk behavior and HIV seroconversion among injecting drug users

Needle exchange is not enough

1997 • 664 citations

Cocaine Use and HIV Infection in Intravenous Drug Users in San Francisco

1989 • 582 citations

The estimated prevalence and incidence of HIV in 96 large US metropolitan areas.

1996 • 557 citations

Effectiveness of needle-exchange programmes for prevention of HIV infection

1997 • 431 citations

HIV incidence among injecting drug users in New York City syringe-exchange programmes

1996 • 413 citations

High Rates of HIV Infection among Injection Drug Users Participating in Needle Exchange Programs in Montreal: Results of a Cohort Study

1997 • 309 citations

Syringe and Needle Exchange as HIV/AIDS Prevention for Injection Drug Users

1994 • 277 citations

Maintaining low HIV seroprevalence in populations of injecting drug users

1995 • 271 citations

Syringe Exchange and Risk of Infection with Hepatitis B and C Viruses

1999 • 259 citations

Reduced risk of hepatitis B and hepatitis C among injection drug users in the Tacoma syringe exchange program.

1995 • 254 citations

Aids and injecting drug use in the United Kingdom, 1987–1993: The policy response and the prevention of the epidemic

1995 • 232 citations

Impact of Increased Legal Access to Needles and Syringes on Practices of Injecting-Drug Users and Police Officers???Connecticut, 1992???1993

1995 • 194 citations

HIV prevention among injecting drug users: responses in developing and transitional countries.

1998 • 191 citations

HIV seroconversion in intravenous drug users in San Francisco, 1985–1990

1994 • 182 citations

Do needle exchange programmes increase the spread of HIV among injection drug users?: an investigation of the Vancouver outbreak

1999 • 180 citations

Restored humoral immune response to influenza vaccination in HIV-infected adults treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy

1998 • 176 citations

Continuity and change within an HIV epidemic. Injecting drug users in New York City, 1984 through 1992.

1994 • 166 citations

HIV seroprevalence among street-recruited injection drug and crack cocaine users in 16 US municipalities.

1998 • 163 citations

Continuity and change within an HIV epidemic. Injecting drug users in New York City, 1984 through 1992

1994 • 147 citations

High-Risk Personal Networks and Syringe Sharing as Risk Factors for HIV Infection Among New Drug Injectors

1996 • 146 citations

Cocaine use and HIV infection in intravenous drug users in San Francisco

1989 • 145 citations

Reductions in High-Risk Drug Use Behaviors Among Participants in the Baltimore Needle Exchange Program

1997 • 134 citations

The impact of the needle and syringe-exchange programme in Amsterdam on injecting risk behaviour

1989 • 131 citations

Who Uses Needle Exchange? A Study of Injection Drug Users in Treatment in San Francisco, 1989-1990

1997 • 131 citations

CHIMAERAS AND MOSAICS.

1965 • 127 citations

Determinants of HIV seroconversion in drug users during a period of rising prevalence in Vancouver

1997 • 125 citations

Let the Needles Do the Talking! Evaluating the New Haven Needle Exchange

1993 • 125 citations

Needle exchange use among a cohort of injecting drug users

1996 • 118 citations

Maximum impact of HIV prevention measures targeted at injecting drug users

1998 • 110 citations

Predictors of Mortality in the Amsterdam Cohort of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-negative Drug Users

1996 • 103 citations

Syringe and needle exchange as HIV/AIDS prevention for injection drug users

1994 • 102 citations

Injecting risk behavior among drug users in Amsterdam, 1986 to 1992, and its relationship to AIDS prevention programs.

1994 • 99 citations

Changes in HIV risk behaviour in clients of syringe-exchange schemes in England and Scotland

1989 • 94 citations

Needle exchange decreases the prevalence of HIV-1 proviral DNA in returned syringes in New Haven, Connecticut

1993 • 92 citations

Needle exchange, HIV infection, and the politics of science: Confronting Canada's cocaine injection epidemic with participant observation

2000 • 90 citations

Use of an Illegal Syringe Exchange and Injection-Related Risk Behaviors Among Street-Recruited Injection Drug Users in Oakland, California, 1992 to 1995

1998 • 88 citations

Declining risk for HIV among injecting drug users in Kathmandu, Nepal

1995 • 83 citations

Research article. The impact of a needle exchange's closure

1999 • 82 citations

Life-style factors and social circumstances of syringe sharing in injecting drug users

1992 • 77 citations

HIV Prevention Among Injecting Drug Users

1991 • 70 citations

Hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections: risk factors among drug users in Northwest England

1998 • 70 citations

Evaluation of syringe‐exchange for HIV prevention among injecting drug users in rural and urban areas of Wales

1993 • 65 citations

A decline in HIV-infected needles returned to New Haven's needle exchange program: client shift or needle exchange?

1994 • 61 citations

Needle sharing and participation in the Amsterdam Syringe Exchange program among HIV-seronegative injecting drug users.

1992 • 53 citations

HIV Incidence Among New Haven Needle Exchange Participants

1995 • 53 citations

Volunteer bias in nonrandomized evaluations of the efficacy of needle-exchange programs

2000 • 52 citations

The sharing of injecting equipment among drug users attending prescribing clinics and those using needle‐exchanges

1991 • 51 citations

HIV incidence among needle exchange participants: estimates from syringe tracking and testing data.

1994 • 49 citations

Epidemiology and the politics of needle exchange

2000 • 49 citations

Discriminating needle exchange attenders from non‐attenders

1993 • 47 citations

Evaluating Needle Exchange: A Description of Client Characteristics, Health Status, Program Utilization, and HIV Risk Behavior

1998 • 47 citations

Changing the environment of aids risk: Findings on syringe exchange and pharmacy sales of syringes in Hartford, CT

1997 • 45 citations

The role of needle exchanges in modifying sharing behaviour: cross-study comparisons 1989-1993

2003 • 29 citations

Evaluation of Needle Exchange Using Street-Based Survey Methods

1995 • 24 citations

The role of epidemiology in needle exchange programs

2000 • 24 citations

The role of needle exchanges in modifying sharing behaviour: cross-study comparisons 1989-1993

1995 • 21 citations

Community pharmacist perspectives on HIV/AIDS and interventions for injection drug users in Canada

1998 • 16 citations