Direct medical cost of overweight and obesity in the USA: a quantitative systematic review

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004

2006 • 8,878 citations

The Disease Burden Associated With Overweight and Obesity

1999 • 5,006 citations

Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2002

2003 • 4,253 citations

Annual Medical Spending Attributable To Obesity: Payer-And Service-Specific Estimates

2009 • 2,946 citations

The Obesity Epidemic in the United States Gender, Age, Socioeconomic, Racial/Ethnic, and Geographic Characteristics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis

2007 • 2,797 citations

The Will Rogers Phenomenon

1985 • 1,512 citations

Will All Americans Become Overweight or Obese? Estimating the Progression and Cost of the US Obesity Epidemic

2008 • 1,499 citations

Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2007

2008 • 1,382 citations

Current Estimates of the Economic Cost of Obesity in the United States

1998 • 1,303 citations

National Medical Spending Attributable To Overweight And Obesity: How Much, And Who's Paying?

2003 • 1,194 citations

The Effects Of Obesity, Smoking, And Drinking On Medical Problems And Costs

2002 • 1,007 citations

Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2007

2008 • 871 citations

The Economic Costs Associated With Physical Inactivity and Obesity in Canada: An Update

2004 • 657 citations

State‐Level Estimates of Annual Medical Expenditures Attributable to Obesity*

2004 • 553 citations

Lifetime Health and Economic Consequences of Obesity

1999 • 466 citations

Sex differences in stroke recovery.

2005 • 458 citations

The Impact Of Obesity On Rising Medical Spending

2004 • 442 citations

Obesity, Health Services Use, and Health Care Costs Among Members of a Health Maintenance Organization

1998 • 407 citations

The Relationship Between Modifiable Health Risks and Health Care Expenditures

1998 • 400 citations

The cost of obesity in Canada.

1999 • 347 citations

Moderate and Severe Obesity Have Large Differences in Health Care Costs

2004 • 313 citations

Obesity as a Disease: A White Paper on Evidence and Arguments Commissioned by the Council of The Obesity Society

2008 • 308 citations

Measuring the full economic costs of diet, physical activity and obesity‐related chronic diseases

2006 • 300 citations

Increasing Obesity Rates And Disability Trends

2004 • 297 citations

The medical‐care cost burden of obesity

2001 • 275 citations

Impact of morbid obesity on medical expenditures in adults

2005 • 274 citations

The direct health care costs of obesity in the United States.

1999 • 268 citations

Economic Costs of Obesity

2014 • 266 citations

Relationship Between Modifiable Health Risks and Short-term Health Care Charges

1999 • 260 citations

The Costs of Obesity among Full-Time Employees

2005 • 254 citations

Relation of Body Mass Index in Young Adulthood and Middle Age to Medicare Expenditures in Older Age

2004 • 248 citations

Health Services Use and Health Care Costs of Obese and Nonobese Individuals

2004 • 245 citations

A study on the economic impact of bariatric surgery.

2008 • 224 citations

Body Mass Index and Future Healthcare Costs: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2001 • 219 citations

The Cost of Obesity

1994 • 205 citations

Health Spending Projections Through 2017: The Baby-Boom Generation Is Coming To Medicare

2008 • 194 citations

The Health And Cost Consequences Of Obesity Among The Future Elderly

2005 • 186 citations

The Lifetime Medical Cost Burden of Overweight and Obesity: Implications for Obesity Prevention

2008 • 175 citations

The Economic Costs Associated With Body Mass Index in a Workplace

1998 • 170 citations

Diabetes Care: Moving (a Little) in the Winds of Change

2007 • 165 citations

Estimated Economic Costs of Obesity to U.S. Business

1998 • 163 citations

Social and economic effects of body weight in the United States

1996 • 161 citations

Health Care Expenditures Associated With Overweight and Obesity Among US Adults: Importance of Age and Race

2005 • 160 citations

The Relationship between Modifiable Health Risks and Group-Level Health Care Expenditures

2000 • 157 citations

What Is the Economic Case for Treating Obesity?

1998 • 152 citations

The Relationship of Body Mass Index, Medical Costs, and Job Absenteeism

2003 • 125 citations

The Financial Burden of Overweight and Obesity among Elderly Americans: The Dynamics of Weight, Longevity, and Health Care Cost

2007 • 123 citations

Relationship of Body Mass Index and Physical Activity to Health Care Costs Among Employees

2004 • 117 citations

A review of cost-of-illness studies on obesity

1998 • 116 citations

Health care charges associated with physical inactivity, overweight, and obesity.

2005 • 107 citations

BMI, Physical Activity, and Health Care Utilization/Costs among Medicare Retirees

2005 • 100 citations

The Relationship Between Modifiable Health Risks and Health Care Expenditures

1998 • 98 citations

Obesity morbidity and health care costs in France: an analysis of the 1991–1992 Medical Care Household Survey

2000 • 93 citations

Economics and Obesity: Costing the Problem or Evaluating Solutions?

2004 • 86 citations

What does the population attributable fraction mean?

2007 • 80 citations

The 25-Year Health Care Costs of Women Who Remain Overweight After 40 Years of Age

1996 • 78 citations

The association between body mass and health care expenditures

1997 • 73 citations

Financial Impact of Obesity and Bariatric Surgery

2007 • 69 citations

Relationship between Waist Circumference, Body Mass Index, and Medical Care Costs

2002 • 67 citations

Economic burden of obesity and its complications in Germany

2003 • 67 citations

Economic burden of cardiovascular disease associated with excess body weight in U.S. adults1 1The full text of this article is available via AJPM Online at www.ajpm-online.net.

2002 • 66 citations

The Relationship between National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Weight Guidelines and Concurrent Medical Costs in a Manufacturing Population

2003 • 65 citations

The Rising Prevalence Of Treated Disease: Effects On Private Health Insurance Spending

2005 • 65 citations

The clinical and economic burden of obesity in a managed care setting.

2000 • 61 citations

A cost-benefit simulation model of coverage for bariatric surgery among full-time employees.

2005 • 58 citations

Costs of the Metabolic Syndrome in Elderly Individuals

2007 • 50 citations

The Cost of Lifestyle Health Risks:

2006 • 49 citations

Counting the costs of overweight and obesity: modeling clinical and cost outcomes

2006 • 46 citations

Economic Costs of Obesity to Self-Insured Employers

2008 • 44 citations

The impact of obesity on health care costs among persons with schizophrenia

2008 • 40 citations

Differences in Health Care Costs and Utilization among Adults with Selected Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors

2002 • 38 citations

PROCEED: Prospective Obesity Cohort of Economic Evaluation and Determinants: baseline health and healthcare utilization of the US sample*

2008 • 24 citations

Costs of Excess Body Weight among Active Duty Personnel, U.S. Air Force, 1997

2002 • 22 citations

Obesity-Related Hospitalization Costs to the U.S. Navy, 1993 to 1998

2001 • 20 citations

Costs of Excess Body Weight among Active Duty Personnel, U.S. Air Force, 1997

2002 • 12 citations

Profiling Overweight Patients in the U.S. Navy: Health Conditions and Costs

1991 • 11 citations