Digital analysis of the electroencephalogram, the blood pressure wave, and the electrocardiogram

The ten-twenty electrode system of the international federation

1958 • 6,474 citations

Über das Elektrenkephalogramm des Menschen

1929 • 3,938 citations

Cyclic variations in EEG during sleep and their relation to eye movements, body motility, and dreaming

1957 • 1,821 citations

Total Excitation of the Isolated Human Heart

1970 • 1,720 citations

Electrophysiology of the Heart.

1960 • 1,295 citations

EEG analysis based on time domain properties

1970 • 1,284 citations

The Electrocardiogram in Population Studies

1960 • 1,126 citations

An Accurate, Clinically Practical System For Spatial Vectorcardiography

1956 • 1,083 citations

Cerebral states during sleep, as studied by human brain potentials.

1937 • 782 citations

Considerations of quasi-stationarity in electrophysiological systems

1967 • 615 citations

Biological Engineering

1970 • 502 citations

A summation technique for the detection of small evoked potentials

1954 • 486 citations

Sequential Methods in Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

1968 • 431 citations

Über die Richtung und die manifeste Grösse der Potentialschwankungen im menschlichen Herzen und über den Einfluss der Herzlage auf die Form des Elektrokardiogramms

1913 • 381 citations

Physiology and Biophysics

1966 • 379 citations

AZTEC, a Preprocessing Program for Real-Time ECG Rhythm Analysis

1968 • 368 citations

EFFECTS OF ACOUSTIC STIMULI ON THE WAKING HUMAN BRAIN

1939 • 352 citations

Physiology and Biophysics of the Circulation.

1965 • 345 citations

Extrasystoles and Allied Arrhythmias

1954 • 309 citations

Recommendations for Standardization of Leads and of Specifications for Instruments in Electrocardiography and Vectorcardiography

1967 • 299 citations

Generation of Polynomial Discriminant Functions for Pattern Recognition

1967 • 249 citations

Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies

1970 • 243 citations

An orthogonal lead system for clinical electrocardiography

1961 • 239 citations

Weiteres über das Elektrokardiogramm

1908 • 227 citations

A simple, indifferent, electrocardiographic electrode of zero potential and a technique of obtaining augmented, unipolar, extremity leads

1942 • 223 citations

A Multivariate Approach to the Analysis of Average Evoked Potentials

1966 • 220 citations

The form, voltage distribution and physiological significance of the K-complex

1956 • 215 citations

A Comparison of Seven Techniques for Choosing Subsets of Pattern Recognition Properties

1971 • 204 citations

Coronary and precoronary care

1969 • 204 citations

A FOURIER TRANSFORM OF THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM

1938 • 198 citations

The present status of vectorcardiography.

1955 • 197 citations

Selection of the Number and Positions of Measuring Locations for Electrocardiography

1971 • 188 citations

Re-analysis of the antidromic cortical response. II. On the contribution of cell discharge and PSPs to the evoked potentials

1968 • 179 citations

On the direction and manifest size of the variations of potential in the human heart and on the influence of the position of the heart on the form of the electrocardiogram

1950 • 175 citations

SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY AND VECTORCARDIOGRAPHY

1955 • 161 citations

Estimation of Stroke Volume in the Dog by a Pulse Contour Method

1970 • 153 citations

Quantitation of Beat-to-Beat Changes in Stroke Volume From the Aortic Pulse Contour in Man

1953 • 127 citations

Automatic Recognition of Electrocardiographic Waves by Digital Computer

1961 • 126 citations

Computers in Biomedical Research

1966 • 123 citations

Recommendations for Standardization of Electrocardiographic and Vectorcardiographic Leads

1954 • 123 citations

VENTRICULAR DEPOLARIZATION AND THE GENESIS OF QRS

1957 • 120 citations

A Theoretic Model of the T Wave

1966 • 119 citations

Diagnostic accuracy of the vectorcardiogram and electrocardiogram

1966 • 116 citations

Computer Extraction of Electrocardiographic Parameters

1962 • 113 citations

Arterial Pressure Pulse Contour Analysis Via a Mathematical Model for the Clinical Quantification of Human Vascular Properties

1967 • 113 citations

Principal Factor Waveforms of the Thoracic QRS Complex

1964 • 112 citations

The Eccentric Spheres Model as the Basis for a Study of the Role of Geometry and Inhomogeneities in Electrocardiography

1979 • 111 citations

PERIOD ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM ON A GENERAL‐PURPOSE DIGITAL COMPUTER*

1964 • 105 citations

EEG sleep stage scoring by an automatic hybrid system

1971 • 101 citations

Correlation of clinical information in the standard 12-lead ECG and in a corrected orthogonal 3-lead ECG

1961 • 98 citations

Automatic analysis of the electroencephalogram: a review and classification of systems

1959 • 89 citations

On automatic methods of sleep staging by EEG spectra

1970 • 88 citations

Automatic Detection of the K-Complex in Sleep Electroencephalograms

1970 • 88 citations

Digital computer classifications of EEG sleep stages

1969 • 82 citations

Discriminating among states of consciousness by EEG measurements. A study of four subjects

1967 • 81 citations

On the Representation of Electrocardiograms

1963 • 72 citations

Computer detection of ventricular ectopic beats

1970 • 70 citations

Research in electrocardiography and magnetocardiography

1972 • 69 citations

A Study of the Human Heart as a Multiple Dipole Electrical Source

1969 • 64 citations

Computer techniques in EEG analysis

1961 • 64 citations

A Proposed Method for the Inverse Problem in Electrocardiology

1967 • 63 citations

A Comparative Analysis of Several Corrected Vectorcardiographic Leads

1964 • 60 citations

Vectorcardiographic Diagnosis Using the Polynomial Discriminant Method of Pattern Recognition

1967 • 60 citations

Extrasystoles And Allied Arrhythmias

1954 • 60 citations

Computer-based Monitoring of Cardiovascular Functions in Postoperative Patients

1968 • 59 citations

Pattern Recognition in the Clinical Electrocardiogram

1962 • 58 citations

Ultrastructure of the myocardium

1968 • 57 citations

Computer diagnosis of electrocardiograms. IV. A computer program for contour analysis with clinical results of rhythm and contour interpretation

1968 • 56 citations

Computer Analysis of Electrocardiographic Measurements

1961 • 56 citations

An accurate lead system for spatial vectorcardiography

1957 • 55 citations

Computer analysis of the orthogonal electrocardiogram and vectorcardiogram in 1,002 patients with myocardial infarction

1971 • 55 citations

Quadrupole components of the human surface electrocardiogram

1972 • 55 citations

Beat to beat and observer variation of the electrocardiogram

1968 • 54 citations

A Method for Electrocardiogram Wave-Pattern Estimation

1961 • 53 citations

The Average Response Computer (ARC): A Digital Device for Computing Averages and Amplitude and Time Histograms of Electrophysiological Response

1961 • 50 citations

An automatic sleep analyzer

1970 • 50 citations

A Study of the Human Heart as a Multiple Dipole Electrical Source

1969 • 49 citations

Digital computer analysis of the normal and abnormal electrocardiogram

1963 • 49 citations

Discriminant analysis in average evoked response studies: The study of single trial data

1969 • 49 citations

Computer diagnosis of electrocardiograms. II. A computer program for EKG measurements

1968 • 48 citations

Fourier transforms of the electroencephalogram during sleep.

1942 • 47 citations

Computer classifications of electrocardiograms

1967 • 46 citations

Electroencephalographic baselines in astronaut candidates estimated by computation and pattern recognition techniques.

1967 • 46 citations

Digital filtering with applications to electrocardiogram processing

1968 • 45 citations

Electrocardiographic interpretation by computer

1969 • 45 citations

Clinical Electrocardiography And Computers

1970 • 45 citations

Auditory evoked potential variability in schizophrenia. II. The application of discriminant analysis

1970 • 44 citations

Computer analysis of the orthogonal electrocardiogram in pulmonary emphysema

1970 • 43 citations

Computer diagnosis of electrocardiograms. III. A computer program for arrhythmia diagnosis

1968 • 43 citations

Automatic Analysis of Sleep Electroencephalograms by Hybrid Computation

1969 • 43 citations

Computer pattern recognition techniques: electrocardiographic diagnosis

1962 • 42 citations

Computer Pattern Recognition Techniques: Some Results with Real Electrocardiographic Data

1963 • 42 citations

Amplitude measurement of the sleep electroencephalogram

1967 • 42 citations

The Intrinsic Component Theory of Electrocardiography

1962 • 41 citations

A statistical study of the ventricular irregularity of atrial fibrillation

1967 • 41 citations

On-line real time computer algorithm for monitoring the ECG waveform

1970 • 41 citations

Cardiac arrhythmia classification: A heart-beat interval-Markov chain approach

1970 • 41 citations

Detection of premature ventricular contractions with a clinical system for monitoring electrocardiographic rhythms

1971 • 40 citations

Action potential and contraction of heart muscle

1973 • 39 citations

Arrhythmia detection by digital computer

1972 • 39 citations

On-line analysis of EEG with a small computer (period-amplitude analysis)

1969 • 38 citations

Computer Diagnosis of Biventricular Hypertrophy from the Orthogonal Electrocardiogram

1969 • 37 citations

The Human Visual Evoked Response: Method and Theory

1970 • 35 citations

Error reduction in small sample averaging through the use of the median rather than the mean

1968 • 34 citations

A period analysis classification of sleep stages

1970 • 33 citations

Pattern reading of the clinical electroencephalogram with a digital computer

1967 • 32 citations

Resolution and stability in the autospectra of EEG

1965 • 32 citations

Computer program for pattern recognition of electrocardiograms

1970 • 31 citations

COMPUTERS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH

1984 • 31 citations

A multichannel hybrid system for rapid eye movement detection (REM detection)

1971 • 31 citations

The Relation of Precordial and Orthogonal Leads

1963 • 30 citations

Analysis of the Orthogonal Electrocardiogram and Vectorcardiogram in Ventricular Conduction Defects With and Without Myocardial Infarction

1969 • 29 citations

Computer Analysis of Electrocardiograms Using a Linear Regression Technique

1964 • 29 citations

Automation of Electrocardiographic Diagnostic Criteria

1967 • 28 citations

Practical problems in the use of computers in medical diagnosis

1969 • 27 citations

3 and 12 lead electrocardiogram interpretation by computer. A comparison on 1093 patients.

1971 • 25 citations

P-wave detection by digital computer

1971 • 25 citations

Limitations on the Equivalent Cardiac Generator

1966 • 24 citations

Cardiac arrhythmia diagnosis by digital computer

1968 • 23 citations

A System for Clinical Evoked Response Audiometry

1968 • 23 citations

ACCURACY OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS BY COMPUTER.

1965 • 23 citations

Reliability and normal variations of computer analysis of frank electrocardiogram by Smith-Hyde program (1968 version)

1972 • 22 citations

A basis for observer variation in electrocardiographic interpretation

1963 • 22 citations

A PVC detection program

1971 • 22 citations

Computer analysis of cardiac catheterization data

1968 • 22 citations

Digital computer analysis of the human EEG in psychiatric research

1967 • 21 citations

Computer program for diagnostic evaluation of electrocardiograms

1971 • 21 citations

Analyse automatique des enregistrements polygraphiques de sommeil

1971 • 21 citations

Real-Time Analysis of Cardiac Catheterization Data Using a Computer System

1971 • 21 citations

ECG waveform identification by digital computer

1971 • 21 citations

A simple electronic method for graphing EEG sleep patterns

1966 • 20 citations

Rapid eye movement definition and count: an on-line detector

1971 • 20 citations

Computer Techniques for the Study of Patterns in the Electroencephalogram

1962 • 19 citations

Computer analysis of the electrocardiogram: a joint project.

1967 • 19 citations

Discriminant function analysis of RR intervals: An algorithm for on-line arrhythmia diagnosis

1972 • 19 citations

Estimation of stroke volume from the central arterial pressure contour in postoperative patients.

1969 • 19 citations

The telecardiogram

1955 • 19 citations

REMOTE REAL‐TIME DIAGNOSIS OF CLINICAL ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS BY A DIGITAL COMPUTER SYSTEM*

1965 • 19 citations

Computer Diagnosis of Electrocardiograms by means of the Joint Probability

1968 • 17 citations

A time-shared digital computer system for on-line analysis of cardiac catheterization data

1968 • 17 citations

The total QRS duration

1957 • 17 citations

Computer interpretation of electrocardiograms

1966 • 16 citations

A HYBRID COMPUTER SYSTEM FOR THE MEASUREMENT AND INTERPRETATION OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS

1966 • 16 citations

A review of orthogonal square-wave functions and their application to linear networks

1962 • 16 citations

A Method for Computer Diagnosis of the Electrocardiogram

1966 • 16 citations

The interchangeability of vectorcardiographic systems

1965 • 16 citations

Comparison of human and computer electrocardiographic wave-form classification and identification

1964 • 15 citations

Transmission of electrocardiograms from a community hospital for remote computer analysis

1968 • 15 citations

Statistical Diagnosis of Electrocardiogram by Theorem of Bayes

1963 • 15 citations

A system for quantifying EEG slow wave activity

1970 • 14 citations

Monitoring of Electrocardiograms in a Coronary Care Unit By Digital Computer

1969 • 14 citations

Reduction of electrocardiographic beat-to-beat variation through computer wave recognition

1971 • 14 citations

Computer diagnosis of electrocardiograms. I. Equipment

1968 • 13 citations

Technical advances in the analysis of single, acoustically evoked potentials

1967 • 13 citations

Argus, a clinical computer system for monitoring electrocardiographic rhythms

1972 • 13 citations

QRS-wave detector evaluation

1972 • 13 citations

Comparaison des potentiels évoqués moyens à l'aide d'un test T2 généralisé. Application au problème de l'interférence des réponses évoquées visuelles successives

1969 • 12 citations

A real-time waveform analyzer for detection of ventricular premature beats.

1970 • 12 citations

Measurement of spontaneous morphologic variations in the electrocardiographic P-wave

1967 • 12 citations

On-line Computer Diagnosis of Arrhythmias on ECG Using by Small Scale Digital Computer System

1969 • 12 citations

Computer analysis of the electrocardiogram: Evaluation of experience in a hospital heart station

1970 • 11 citations

Le télécardiogramme

1977 • 11 citations

Detection of abnormal ventricular activation in a coronary care unit

1972 • 11 citations

Crosscorrelation Techniques Applied to the Electrocardiogram Interpretation Problem

1967 • 11 citations

A SYSTEM FOR ON-LINE COMPUTER ANALYSIS OF DATA DURING HEART CATHETERIZATION

1970 • 10 citations

The R-R Interval Histogram

1966 • 10 citations

Clinical use of R-R interval prediction for ECG monitoring: time series analysis by autoregressive models.

1971 • 10 citations

Validity of computer interpretation of the electrocardiogram.

1971 • 9 citations

Discriminant analysis of “activated” EEC

1966 • 9 citations

Automatic Measurement of the Electrocardiogram by Digital Computer

1966 • 9 citations

Use of the Multipole Expansion to Extract Significant Features of the Surface Electrocardiogram

1971 • 9 citations

SPECIAL ARTICLE

1967 • 8 citations

On automatic methods of sleep staging by spectra of electroencephalograms.

1969 • 8 citations

A Critical Review of Vector Electrocardiography

1963 • 8 citations

Discrimination among states of consciousness using E.E.G. spectra.

1969 • 8 citations

INTRODUCTION

1964 • 8 citations

Logical approach to diagnosing electrocardiograms

1969 • 8 citations

ECG Reporting by Computer

1970 • 8 citations

Automatic Electrocardiogram Analysis in Rapid Mass Screening

1967 • 8 citations

A note on filtering electrocardiograms

1971 • 8 citations

Use of computers in the interpretation of electrocardiograms.

1969 • 7 citations

A practical heart rate and ectopic beat detector

1968 • 7 citations

Computer recognition of electrocardiographic waveforms.

1970 • 7 citations

On the Significance of Validity and Precision in the Determination of Alveolar Carbon Dioxide Tension for Measurements of Alveolar Ventilation and D_LCO

1965 • 6 citations

Automatic detection of sleep spindles by analysis of harmonic components

1970 • 6 citations

Computed Cardiographie Pattern Diagnosis

1965 • 6 citations

Some observations on the economics of computer systems for monitoring electrocardiographic rhythms

1971 • 6 citations

Derivation of aimed electrocardiographic leads from the multipole expansion

1971 • 6 citations

Computers in Electrocardiography.

1971 • 6 citations

Computer-aided recognition of electrocardiograms.

1967 • 5 citations

Electrocardiographic monitoring and wave form analysis utilizing interactive computer graphics.

1971 • 5 citations

Automatic surveillance of heart rate and rhythm and T wave contour

1970 • 5 citations

Diagnostic evaluation of ECG data by a computer.

1971 • 5 citations

Wave form analysis of the central arterial pressure using a technique of data compression.

1972 • 5 citations

On-line digital computer for electrocardiogram monitoring in a coronary care unit.

1969 • 5 citations

Measurement of aortic blood flow in man by the computed pressure derivative method.

1971 • 5 citations

On-line Diagnostic System of Electrocardiogram by Small Scale Digital Computer

1968 • 4 citations

Computer Search for Electrocardiographic Lead Directions to Optimize Diagnostic Differentiation

1967 • 4 citations

Feature Enhancement of Vectorcardiograms by Linear Normalization

1971 • 4 citations

Theoretical and practical aspects of analog-to-digital conversion of the electrocardiogram.

1970 • 4 citations

On feature reduction with application to electroencephalograms

1970 • 4 citations

A computer program for automatic analysis of electrocardiograms

1964 • 4 citations

Electroencephalographic Monitoring and the Anesthesiologist

1971 • 4 citations

Fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Electroencephalographic Association, May 14–15, Galvez Hotel, Galveston, Texas

1971 • 4 citations

Numerical Diagnosis Using ``Statrules''

1969 • 4 citations

Computer Analysis of Electrocardiograms with Six and Twelve Leads

1970 • 3 citations

Effects of Various Types of Nonlinear Distortion upon the Intelligibility of Speech

1952 • 3 citations

Use of computers in the interpretation of electrocardiograms

1970 • 3 citations

A Use of Adaline as an Automatic Method for Interpretation of the Electrocardiogram and the Vectorcardiogram

1969 • 3 citations

A computer program for processing, storage, and reporting of cardiac catheterization data.

1969 • 3 citations

Observer variation in electrocardiographic interpretation.

1968 • 3 citations

Pattern classification applied to electroencephalographs

1969 • 2 citations

Computer diagnosis of electrocardiograms by means of joint probability.

1969 • 2 citations

1) Automatic Interpretation of Electrocardiogram by Electronic Computer

1969 • 2 citations

On automatic methods of sleep staging by spectra of electroencephalograms

1969 • 2 citations

Problems in Identifying an Acoustically Evoked Potential to a Single Stimulus

1971 • 2 citations

A three-lead electrocardiographic screening system.

1967 • 1 citations

Ectopic beat detection in coronary patients

1969 • 1 citations

Computer components for electrocardiographic processing.

1966 • 1 citations

Computer interpretation by telephone of electrocardiograms in the home office of a life insurance company.

1970 • 1 citations

Computer analysis of ventricular ectopic rhythms in myocardial infarction.

1971 • 1 citations