Characterization of tissue damage in multiple sclerosis by nuclear magnetic resonance

Axonal Transection in the Lesions of Multiple Sclerosis

1998 • 4,007 citations

Early detection of regional cerebral ischemia in cats: Comparison of diffusion‐ and T2‐weighted MRI and spectroscopy

1990 • 1,629 citations

Axonal damage in acute multiple sclerosis lesions

1997 • 1,543 citations

Magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) and tissue water proton relaxation in vivo

1989 • 1,430 citations

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy unambiguously identifies different neural cell types

1993 • 997 citations

Multinuclear NMR Studies on the Energy Metabolism of Glial and Neuronal Cells

1993 • 878 citations

In vivo visualization of myelin water in brain by magnetic resonance

1994 • 874 citations

In vivo measurement of T₂ distributions and water contents in normal human brain

1997 • 773 citations

Axonal loss in multiple sclerosis lesions: Magnetic resonance imaging insights into substrates of disability

1999 • 713 citations

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis: lesion characterization with magnetization transfer imaging.

1992 • 681 citations

Histopathologic correlate of hypointense lesions on T1-weighted spin-echo MRI in multiple sclerosis

1998 • 652 citations

Serial proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in acute multiple sclerosis lesions

1994 • 534 citations

Inflammatory central nervous system demyelination: Correlation of magnetic resonance imaging findings with lesion pathology

1997 • 517 citations

Predictive value of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for relapse rate and changes in disability or impairment in multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis

1999 • 490 citations

Imaging axonal damage of normal-appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis

1998 • 483 citations

Major differences in the dynamics of primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis

1991 • 473 citations

Accumulation of hypointense lesions ("black holes") on T ₁ spin-echo MRI correlates with disease progression in multiple sclerosis

1996 • 451 citations

Guidelines for the use of magnetic resonance techniques in monitoring the treatment of multiple sclerosis

1996 • 444 citations

Magnetization transfer changes in the normal appering white matter precede the appearance of enhancing lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis

1998 • 393 citations

Persistent functional deficit in multiple sclerosis and autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia is associated with axon loss

1995 • 382 citations

Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging findings and lesion development in chronic, active multiple sclerosis

1993 • 378 citations

Brain and spinal cord abnormalities in multiple sclerosis. Correlation between MRI parameters, clinical subtypes and symptoms

1998 • 376 citations

A Magnetization Transfer Imaging Study of Normal-Appearing White Matter in Multiple Sclerosis

1995 • 366 citations

The significance of brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities at presentation with clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis

1993 • 359 citations

The neuropathology of multiple sclerosis.

2000 • 332 citations

Serial proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging, contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, and quantitative lesion volumetry in multiple sclerosis

1998 • 316 citations

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging for metabolic characterization of demyelinating plaques

1992 • 315 citations

Chemical pathology of acute demyelinating lesions and its correlation with disability

1995 • 303 citations

Interrater variability with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and Functional Systems (FS) in a multiple sclerosis clinical trial

1990 • 302 citations

Correlating MRI and clinical disease activity in multiple sclerosis

1995 • 294 citations

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human brain in vivo in the evaluation of multiple sclerosis: Assessment of the load of disease

1990 • 289 citations

Patterns of disease activity in multiple sclerosis: clinical and magnetic resonance imaging study.

1990 • 285 citations

Multiple sclerosis: histopathologic and MR and/or CT correlation in 37 cases at biopsy and three cases at autopsy.

1991 • 267 citations

Patterns of lesion development in multiple sclerosis: longitudinal observations with T1-weighted spin-echo and magnetization transfer MR.

1998 • 266 citations

Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of evolving focal cerebral ischemia. Comparison with histopathology in rats.

1994 • 262 citations

THE LONGSTANDING MS LESION: A QUANTITATIVE MRI AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY

1991 • 257 citations

THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ACUTE OPTIC NEURITIS

1991 • 253 citations

Gadolinium enhancement increases the sensitivity of MRI in detecting disease activity in multiple sclerosis

1993 • 252 citations

Microscopic disease in normal-appearing white matter on conventional MR images in patients with multiple sclerosis: assessment with magnetization-transfer measurements.

1995 • 246 citations

Clinical worsening in multiple sclerosis is associated with increased frequency and area of gadopentetate dimeglumine–enhancing magnetic resonance imaging lesions

1993 • 237 citations

Clinical improvement and radiological deterioration in rheumatoid arthritis: evidence that the pathogenesis of synovial inflammation and articular erosion may differ

1996 • 231 citations

Biochemical alterations in multiple sclerosis lesions and normal‐appearing white matter detected by in vivo ³¹P and ¹H spectroscopic imaging

1994 • 219 citations

DURATION AND SELECTIVITY OF BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER BREAKDOWN IN CHRONIC RELAPSING EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS STUDIED BY GADOLINIUM-DTPA AND PROTEIN MARKERS

1990 • 215 citations

Neuronal damage in T1-hypointense multiple sclerosis lesions demonstrated in vivo using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy

1999 • 205 citations

A serial study of new MS lesions and the white matter from which they arise

1998 • 201 citations

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy for metabolic characterization of plaques in multiple sclerosis

1991 • 199 citations

MRI dynamics of brain and spinal cord in progressive multiple sclerosis.

1996 • 198 citations

High dose steroids in acute relapses of multiple sclerosis: MRI evidence for a possible mechanism of therapeutic effect.

1992 • 190 citations

Apparent diffusion coefficients in benign and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis by nuclear magnetic resonance

1996 • 188 citations

Increased water self-diffusion in chronic plaques and in apparently normal white matter in patients with multiple sclerosis

2009 • 187 citations

Diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging

1992 • 171 citations

HISTOPATHOLOGY OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS LESIONS DETECTED BY MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN UNFIXED POSTMORTEM CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TISSUE

1991 • 166 citations

Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: sequential enhanced MR imaging vs clinical findings in determining disease activity.

1992 • 165 citations

Lysolecithin-induced demyelination in primates: preliminary in vivo study with MR and magnetization transfer.

1995 • 158 citations

Assessment of demyelination, edema, and gliosis by in vivo determination of T1 and T2 in the brain of patients with acute attack of multiple sclerosis

1989 • 151 citations

Longitudinal MRI in multiple sclerosis

1994 • 139 citations

Blood‐brain barrier disruption on contrast‐enhanced MRI in patients with mild relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis

1995 • 129 citations

Spin‐spin relaxation in experimental allergic Encephalomyelitis. Analysis of CPMG data using a non‐linear least squares method and linear inverse theory

1993 • 129 citations

In vivo determination of T₁ and T₂ in the brain of patients with severe but stable multiple sclerosis

1988 • 127 citations

Magnetic resonance relaxation time mapping in multiple sclerosis: Normal appearing white matter and the “invisible” lesion load

1994 • 115 citations

A comparison between magnetization transfer ratios and myelin water percentages in normals and multiple sclerosis patients

1998 • 114 citations

Early structural changes in acute MS lesions assessed by serial magnetization transfer studies

1998 • 108 citations

Serial magnetization transfer imaging to characterize the early evolution of new MS lesions

1998 • 106 citations

A correlative triad of gadolinium‐DTPA MRI, EDSS, and CSF‐MBP in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients treated with high‐dose intravenous methylprednisolone

1992 • 105 citations

Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance imaging: characterisation of experimental cerebral oedema.

1987 • 99 citations

THE CHARACTERIZATION OF EXPERIMENTAL GLIOSIS BY QUANTITATIVE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

1988 • 97 citations

Diffusion‐weighted imaging of the human optic nerve: A New approach to evaluate optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis

1997 • 88 citations

1H MRSI of normal appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis

1997 • 85 citations

Development of Hypointense Lesions on T1-Weighted Spin-Echo Magnetic Resonance Images in Multiple Sclerosis

1999 • 66 citations

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and Human Immunodeficiency Virus-associated White Matter Lesions in AIDS: Magnetization Transfer MR Imaging

1999 • 57 citations

Spin‐lattice relaxation (T₁) times of cerebral white matter in multiple sclerosis

1986 • 54 citations

Magnetization transfer ratios of multiple sclerosis lesions with variable durations of enhancement

1998 • 51 citations

Serial magnetisation transfer ratios in gadolinium-enhancing lesions in multiple sclerosis

1997 • 51 citations

Measurement of regional N‐Acetylaspartate after transient global ischemia in gerbils with and without ischemic tolerance: An index of neuronal survival

1998 • 46 citations

Quantitative MR in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

1992 • 39 citations

Magnetic resonance imaging of experimental cerebral oedema.

1986 • 36 citations

In vivo noninvasive determination of abnormal water diffusion in the rat brain studied in an animal model for multiple sclerosis by diffusion-weighted NMR imaging

1996 • 35 citations

The transverse magnetisation decay characteristics of longstanding lesions and normal-appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis

1997 • 31 citations

NMR studies in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE): Normalization of T1 and T2 with parenchymal cellular infiltration

1986 • 30 citations

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS IN PRIMATES

1991 • 27 citations

MR outcome parameters in multiple sclerosis: comparison of surface-based thresholding segmentation and magnetization transfer ratio histographic analysis in relation to disability (a preliminary note).

1998 • 24 citations

NMR changes in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: NMR changes precede clinical and pathological events

1987 • 23 citations

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in non-human primates: diffusion imaging of acute and chronic brain lesions

1995 • 20 citations

Proton MR Spectroscopy and MR Imaging in Acute and Chronic Multiple Sclerosis — Ringlike Appearances in Acute Plaques

1996 • 19 citations

Imaging of remyelination

1997 • 18 citations

Pre- and post-mortem MR imaging of unsuspected multiple sclerosis in a patient with Alzheimer's disease

1993 • 16 citations