Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Receipt of Cancer Treatment

AJCC Cancer Staging Manual

2016 • 16,972 citations

Cancer statistics, 2000

2000 • 3,907 citations

The Effect of Race and Sex on Physicians' Recommendations for Cardiac Catheterization

1999 • 1,920 citations

The effect of patient race and socio-economic status on physicians' perceptions of patients

2000 • 1,473 citations

Racial Differences in the Treatment of Early-Stage Lung Cancer

1999 • 991 citations

Pathologic findings from the national surgical adjuvant breast project (protocol 6) I. Intraductal carcinoma (DCIS)

1986 • 829 citations

Weighing the Risks and Benefits of Tamoxifen Treatment for Preventing Breast Cancer

1999 • 676 citations

Geographic Variation in the Use of Breast-Conserving Treatment for Breast Cancer

1992 • 553 citations

Racial Differences in Survival From Breast Cancer

1994 • 542 citations

Health Outcomes After Prostatectomy or Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: Results From the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study

2000 • 519 citations

Age and Adjuvant Chemotherapy Use After Surgery for Stage III Colon Cancer

2001 • 492 citations

Geographic Variation in the Treatment of Localized Breast Cancer

1992 • 487 citations

Tumor Biologic Factors and Breast Cancer Prognosis Among White, Hispanic, and Black Women in the United States

1994 • 426 citations

Travel Distance to Radiation Therapy and Receipt of Radiotherapy Following Breast-Conserving Surgery

2000 • 416 citations

Factors Associated With Surgical and Radiation Therapy for Early Stage Breast Cancer in Older Women

1996 • 382 citations

Alternative Therapies Used by Women With Breast Cancer in Four Ethnic Populations

2000 • 378 citations

Racial Differences in the Use of Drug Therapy for HIV Disease in an Urban Community

1994 • 372 citations

Fatalism among elderly African Americans: Effects on colorectal cancer screening

1995 • 333 citations

Health Care for Black and Poor Hospitalized Medicare Patients

1994 • 319 citations

FIGO IIIB squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix: an analysis of prognostic factors emphasizing the balance between external beam and intracavitary radiation therapy

1999 • 285 citations

Pathologic findings from the national surgical adjuvant breast project protocol B-06 10-year pathologic and clinical prognostic discriminants

1993 • 285 citations

Patterns of breast carcinoma treatment in older women

2000 • 276 citations

Effects of health insurance and race on colorectal cancer treatments and outcomes

2000 • 256 citations

Race, Treatment, and Long-term Survival From Prostate Cancer in an Equal-Access Medical Care Delivery System

1995 • 255 citations

The National Cancer Data Base report on colon cancer

1996 • 252 citations

Breast conservation therapy in the United States following the 1990 National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference on the treatment of patients with early stage invasive breast carcinoma

1999 • 249 citations

Socioeconomic status and cancer survival.

1991 • 231 citations

Determinants of Black/White Differences in Colon Cancer Survival

1995 • 229 citations

Who Gets Chemotherapy for Metastatic Lung Cancer?

2000 • 227 citations

The National Cancer Data Base report on lung cancer

1996 • 224 citations

Quality of Care by Race and Gender for Congestive Heart Failure and Pneumonia

1999 • 222 citations

Geographic, age, and racial variation in the treatment of local/regional carcinoma of the prostate.

1995 • 207 citations

Racial Differences in Health and Health Care Service Utilization in Later Life: The Effect of Socioeconomic Status

1991 • 198 citations

Transportation as a barrier to cancer treatment.

1997 • 193 citations

Stage at Diagnosis and Treatment Patterns Among Older Women With Breast Cancer

1999 • 184 citations

Papanicolaou smear history and diagnosis of invasive cervical carcinoma among members of a large prepaid health plan

2000 • 180 citations

Differences in initial treatment patterns and outcomes of lung cancer in the elderly

1995 • 178 citations

Differences in breast cancer prognosis among African-American and Caucasian women

2000 • 176 citations

Surgery for colorectal cancer: Race-related differences in rates and survival among Medicare beneficiaries.

1996 • 170 citations

Race, treatment, and survival among colorectal carcinoma patients in an equal-access medical system

1998 • 168 citations

Social factors, treatment, and survival in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.

1998 • 163 citations

Ethnicity, survival, and delay in seeking treatment for symptoms of breast cancer

1985 • 163 citations

Trends and Black/White Differences in Treatment for Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer

1998 • 158 citations

Black/white differences in type of initial breast cancer treatment and implications for survival.

1987 • 145 citations

Determinants of survival following the diagnosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma (United States)

1996 • 145 citations

Treatment Differences Between Blacks and Whites with Colorectal Cancer

1996 • 144 citations

Time to diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer: results from the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program, 1991-1995

2000 • 141 citations

Outcomes Among African-Americans and Caucasians in Colon Cancer Adjuvant Therapy Trials: Findings From the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project

1999 • 137 citations

Comorbidity and breast cancer survival: A comparison between black and white women

1996 • 134 citations

Racial and Gender Variation in Use of Diagnostic Colonic Procedures in the Michigan Medicare Population

1999 • 132 citations

Relationship Between Patient Race and the Intensity of Hospital Services

1987 • 129 citations

Prognostic factors of early stage cervical cancer treated by radical hysterectomy

1995 • 128 citations

Management and survival of patients with adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum: a national survey of the Commission on Cancer.

1995 • 126 citations

The national cancer data base report on race, age, and region variations in prostate cancer treatment

1997 • 126 citations

Racial differences in timeliness of follow-up after abnormal screening mammography

1996 • 125 citations

The influence of black race and socioeconomic status on the use of breast-conserving surgery for medicare beneficiaries

1997 • 125 citations

Survival Differences in Breast Cancer among Racial/Ethnic Groups: A Population-Based Study

1999 • 117 citations

Factors contributing to the poorer survival of black Americans diagnosed with oral cancer (United States).

1999 • 116 citations

Race, Prostate Cancer Survival, and Membership in a Large Health Maintenance Organization

1998 • 113 citations

DIFFERENCES IN SEXUAL FUNCTION AND QUALITY OF LIFE AFTER NERVE SPARING AND NONNERVE SPARING RADICAL RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY

2000 • 111 citations

Access to bone marrow transplantation for leukemia and lymphoma: the role of sociodemographic factors.

1997 • 109 citations

Factors that Determine the Treatment for Local and Regional Prostate Cancer

1996 • 107 citations

Variations in treatment of rectal cancer

1997 • 107 citations

The Effect of Race on the Referral Process for Invasive Cardiac Procedures

2000 • 106 citations

Racial differences in survival of women with breast cancer

1986 • 105 citations

Treatment Modality and Quality Differences for Black and White Breast-Cancer Patients Treated in Community Hospitals

1989 • 104 citations

Differences in Socioeconomic Status and Survival among White and Black Men with Prostate Cancer

2000 • 103 citations

Racial differences in treatment of psychiatric inpatients

1995 • 103 citations

Aging Versus Disease: The Opinions of Older Black, Hispanic, and Non‐Hispanic White Americans About the Causes and Treatment of Common Medical Conditions

1999 • 102 citations

Aggressiveness of colon carcinoma in blacks and whites. National Cancer Institute Black/White Cancer Survival Study Group.

1997 • 101 citations

Underutilization of Mammography in Older Breast Cancer Survivors

2000 • 100 citations

Nonclinical factors associated with surgery received for treatment of early-stage breast cancer.

1992 • 100 citations

Co-Morbidities and Survival of Men with Localized Prostate Cancer Treated with Surgery or Radiation Therapy

1996 • 99 citations

Comparing acculturation scales and their relationship to cancer screening among older Mexican-American women.

1995 • 99 citations

Racial and gender differences in use of procedures for black and white hospitalized adults.

1997 • 96 citations

The effects of patient sex and race on medical students’ ratings of quality of life

2000 • 92 citations

Inadequate Follow-up of Abnormal Mammograms

1996 • 90 citations

Race and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix Treated with Radiation Therapy

1998 • 90 citations

Treatment plans for black and white women with stage II node-positive breast cancer: The national cancer institute black/white cancer survival study experience

1992 • 89 citations

Black versus white racial differences in clinical stage at diagnosis and treatment of prostatic cancer in connecticut

1992 • 88 citations

Detecting survival effects of socioeconomic status: Problems in the use of aggregate measures

1994 • 88 citations

Treatment of Localized Prostate Cancer in African-American Compared with Caucasian Men; Less Use of Aggressive Therapy for Comparable Disease

1995 • 88 citations

Increasing trends in the use of breast-conserving surgery in California

2000 • 87 citations

Enhancing Data Systems to Improve the Quality of Cancer Care

2000 • 86 citations

Breast Cancer Trends of Black Women Compared With White Women

1999 • 84 citations

Cost Considerations as Potential Barriers to Cancer Treatment

1998 • 83 citations

Explaining the difference in prostate cancer mortality rates between white and black men in the United States

2000 • 81 citations

Patterns of care for carcinoma of the prostate gland: results of a national survey of 1984 and 1990.

1995 • 80 citations

Sociodemographic Differences in the Receipt of Colorectal Cancer Surveillance Care Following Treatment With Curative Intent

2001 • 79 citations

Differences in cervical cancer mortality among black and white women,

1999 • 79 citations

Race is not an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy in an equal access medical center

2000 • 78 citations

Effects of race and socioeconomic status on survival of 1,332 black, hispanic, and white women with breast cancer

1997 • 76 citations

Survival in Blacks and Whites After Treatment for Localized Prostate Cancer

1996 • 76 citations

Prognosis among African-American women and white women with lymph node negative breast carcinoma

1997 • 75 citations

RACE AND CAUSE SPECIFIC SURVIVAL WITH PROSTATE CANCER: INFLUENCE OF CLINICAL STAGE, GLEASON SCORE, AGE AND TREATMENT

2000 • 75 citations

Racial Comparison of Outcomes of Male Department of Veterans Affairs Patients With Lung and Colon Cancer

1993 • 75 citations

Racial Differences in Use of Cancer Prevention Services Among Older Americans

2000 • 75 citations

Ethnic differences in risk and prognostic factors for breast cancer

1995 • 74 citations

Patterns of treatment of patients with prostate cancer initially managed with surveillance: results from The CaPSURE database. Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urological Research Endeavor.

2000 • 74 citations

The prognostic significance of race and survival from prostate cancer based on patients irradiated on radiation therapy oncology group protocols (1976–1985)

1992 • 72 citations

Race and survival from breast cancer: based on Cancer and Leukemia Group B trial 8541.

1997 • 70 citations

Race and clinical outcome in breast cancer in a series with long-term follow-up evaluation.

1997 • 70 citations

Radical prostatectomy: lower rates among African-American men.

1996 • 67 citations

Geographic and patient variation among Medicare beneficiaries in the use of follow-up testing after surgery for nonmetastatic colorectal carcinoma

1999 • 67 citations

Diminished Survival of Young Blacks With Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate

1990 • 66 citations

Chemotherapy for cervical carcinoma: factors determining response and implications for clinical trial design.

1998 • 64 citations

Surgical control of clinically localized prostate carcinoma is equivalent in African-American and White males

1998 • 63 citations

Ethnic Differences in Patterns of Care of Stage 1A1 and Stage 1A2 Cervical Cancer: A SEER Database Study

1999 • 63 citations

The excess burden of breast carcinoma in minority and medically underserved communities

2000 • 63 citations

Racial disparity in the incidence and case-fatality of colorectal cancer: analysis of 329 United States counties.

1997 • 63 citations

Racial/ethnic differences in breast cancer survival among San Francisco Bay Area women

1997 • 60 citations

Follow-up of abnormal Papanicolaou smears among women of different races.

1993 • 59 citations

Racial differences in the presentation and surgical management of breast cancer

1999 • 58 citations

Patterns of prostate cancer treatment by clinical stage and age

2001 • 56 citations

Relationship between Demographic Characteristics, Patientʼs Chief Complaint, and Medical Care Destination in an Emergency Room

1970 • 54 citations

Sociodemographic factors associated with prostatectomy utilization and concordance with the physician data query for prostate cancer (United States).

1999 • 52 citations

The racial segregation of hospital care revisited: Medicare discharge patterns and their implications.

1998 • 50 citations

Factors associated with no surgery or radiation therapy for invasive cervical cancer in Black and White women.

2000 • 49 citations

Treatment options, selection, and satisfaction among african american and white men with prostate carcinoma in north carolina

1998 • 49 citations

Estrogen Receptor Status and Dietary Intakes in Breast Cancer Patients

1993 • 49 citations

Rural breast cancer treatment: evidence from the Reaching Communities for Cancer Care (REACH) project

1999 • 43 citations

Race, socioeconomic status and survival in three female cancers

1996 • 42 citations

Patterns of endoscopic follow-up after surgery for nonmetastatic colorectal cancer

2000 • 40 citations

Referral of Breast Cancer Patients to Medical Oncologists After Initial Surgical Management

2000 • 37 citations

Carcinoma of the prostate: race as a prognostic indicator in definitive radiation therapy.

1995 • 36 citations

Colon Cancer Treatment in Rural North and South Carolina

1999 • 36 citations

Evaluation of race as a prognostic factor in multiple myeloma. An ancillary of Southwest Oncology Group Study 8229.

1996 • 35 citations

Local Recurrence and Survival Among Black Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer Treated With Breast-Conservation Therapy or Mastectomy

1999 • 35 citations

The accuracy of prostate cancer staging in a population-based tumor registry and its impact on the Black-White stage difference (Connecticut, United States)

1995 • 35 citations

A comparison of treatment outcomes for black patients and white patients with metastatic breast cancer. The piedmont oncology association experience

1991 • 35 citations

Prostate cancer treatment in black and white men: the need to consider both stage at diagnosis and socioeconomic status.

1998 • 35 citations

National health interview surveys.

1965 • 34 citations

Age-race Interaction in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma Treated with External Beam Irradiation

1993 • 34 citations

Comparison of Prognostic Factors and Survival Among Black Patients and White Patients Treated With Irradiation for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

1992 • 33 citations

Postoperative radiation for cervical cancer with pathologic risk factors

1997 • 33 citations

Local recurrence following breast conservation therapy in african-american women with invasive breast cancer

2000 • 30 citations

Ethnic variation in prostate cancer survival in New Mexico.

1996 • 27 citations

The impact of race on biochemical disease-free survival in early-stage prostate cancer patients treated with surgery or radiation therapy

1999 • 24 citations

Age and Race as Prognostic Factors in Endometrial Carcinoma

1996 • 24 citations

When not to give radiation therapy after breast conservation surgery for breast cancer

2000 • 23 citations

Exploratory analysis on the effect of race on clinical outcome in patients with advanced prostate cancer receiving bicalutamide or flutamide, each in combination with LHRH analogues

1999 • 23 citations

Impact of location and multifocality of positive surgical margins on disease-free survival following radical prostatectomy: a comparison betweenAfrican-American and white men

2000 • 23 citations

Race is not an independent predictor of positive surgical margins after radical prostatectomy

1999 • 22 citations

Prostate Specific Antigen in Black and White Men After Hormonal Therapies for Prostate Cancer

1997 • 21 citations

Trends in the use of radiation and chemotherapy in the initial management of patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix

1998 • 21 citations

The impact of race on freedom from prostate-specific antigen failure in prostate cancer patients treated with definitive radiation therapy.

2000 • 19 citations

Survival differences between black and white women with breast cancer

1994 • 18 citations

The impact of radiotherapy on the incidence and time of occurrence of local recurrence in early-stage breast cancer after breast conserving therapy.

2000 • 17 citations

Trends in primary surgical and radiation therapy for localized breast cancer in the Detroit Metropolitan area 1973–1992

1997 • 17 citations

Recent Developments in the Treatment of Lung Cancer

1992 • 15 citations

Data needed for improving the health of minorities

1993 • 14 citations

Clinical determinants of survival from stage Ib cervical cancer in an inner-city hospital.

1998 • 14 citations

Changes in radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy rates for African Americans and whites.

2000 • 14 citations

The influence of race on the efficacy of curative radiation therapy for carcinoma of the prostate.

1998 • 14 citations

Similar clinical outcomes in African-American and non-African-American males treated with suramin for metastatic prostate cancer.

1997 • 13 citations

Racial/ethnic disparities in admissions to public and private psychiatric inpatient settings: the effect of managed care.

1998 • 11 citations

Prostate cancer: are racial differences in clinical stage and survival explained by differences in symptoms?

1994 • 11 citations

Combined low-dose-rate brachytherapy and external beam radiation for cervical cancer:Experience over ten years

1999 • 9 citations

Declining Use of Radiotherapy for Invasive Cervical Cancer in Connecticut: 1983-1990

1995 • 4 citations

Investigation and staging of lung cancer.

1996 • 2 citations

Progress in Cancer Screening over a Decade, Results of Cancer Screening from the 1987, 1992, and 1998 NHIS

2001 • 1 citations

PROGRESSION BY RACE IN MEN CHOOSING OBSERVATION OF PROSTATE CANCER

1999 • 1 citations