The STARD Statement for Reporting Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy: Explanation and Elaboration

MULTIVARIABLE PROGNOSTIC MODELS: ISSUES IN DEVELOPING MODELS, EVALUATING ASSUMPTIONS AND ADEQUACY, AND MEASURING AND REDUCING ERRORS

1996 • 8,991 citations

Value of the Ventilation/Perfusion Scan in Acute Pulmonary Embolism

1990 • 2,702 citations

Systematic Reviews: Identifying relevant studies for systematic reviews

1994 • 2,285 citations

Users' guides to the medical literature. III. How to use an article about a diagnostic test. B. What are the results and will they help me in caring for my patients? The Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group

1994 • 1,852 citations

Empirical Evidence of Design-Related Bias in Studies of Diagnostic Tests

1999 • 1,799 citations

Problems of Spectrum and Bias in Evaluating the Efficacy of Diagnostic Tests

1978 • 1,699 citations

Assessing the Generalizability of Prognostic Information

1999 • 1,109 citations

A Consumer's Guide to Subgroup Analyses

1992 • 910 citations

Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography for the Detection of Coronary Stenoses

2001 • 907 citations

Selection and interpretation of diagnostic tests and procedures. Principles and applications.

1981 • 783 citations

Developing Optimal Search Strategies for Detecting Clinically Sound Studies in MEDLINE

1994 • 779 citations

Evidence base of clinical diagnosis: The architecture of diagnostic research

2002 • 703 citations

Use of Methodological Standards in Diagnostic Test Research

1995 • 696 citations

Users' guides to the medical literature. III. How to use an article about a diagnostic test. A. Are the results of the study valid? Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group

1994 • 678 citations

Assessment of Diagnostic Tests When Disease Verification is Subject to Selection Bias

1983 • 668 citations

Variability in Radiologists' Interpretations of Mammograms

1994 • 598 citations

Utility of the Apolipoprotein E Genotype in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease

1998 • 546 citations

Completeness of Safety Reporting in Randomized Trials

2001 • 537 citations

Biases in the assessment of diagnostic tests

1987 • 516 citations

Colorectal Neoplasia: Performance Characteristics of CT Colonography for Detection in 300 Patients

2001 • 503 citations

A Framework for Evaluation of Secondary Data Sources for Epidemiological Research

1996 • 451 citations

Factors affecting sensitivity and specificity of exercise electrocardiography

1984 • 373 citations

Sonohysterography: a prospective survey of results and complications in 81 patients

2002 • 336 citations

Value of Flow Diagrams in Reports of Randomized Controlled Trials

2001 • 318 citations

Ultrasonography and Limited Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis and Management of Appendicitis in Children

1999 • 311 citations

Assessment of Diagnostic Technologies

1985 • 293 citations

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Anti-Citrulline Antibody Assay for Rheumatoid Arthritis

2001 • 291 citations

Assessment of the accuracy of diagnostic tests: the cross-sectional study

2003 • 287 citations

Spectrum Bias in the Evaluation of Diagnostic Tests: Lessons from the Rapid Dipstick Test for Urinary Tract Infection

1992 • 262 citations

A Novel and Rapid Whole-Blood Assay for D-Dimer in Patients With Clinically Suspected Deep Vein Thrombosis

1995 • 226 citations

Reliability of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide assay in diagnosis of heart failure: cohort study in representative and high risk community populations

2002 • 221 citations

A framework for clinical evaluation of diagnostic technologies.

1986 • 202 citations

The diagnostic accuracy of the exercise electrocardiogram: A meta-analysis of 22 years of research

1989 • 189 citations

Context Bias

1996 • 188 citations

Methodologic problems of exercise testing for coronary artery disease: Groups, analysis and bias

1980 • 184 citations

Limitations of Sensitivity, Specificity, Likelihood Ratio, and Bayesʼ Theorem in Assessing Diagnostic Probabilities

1997 • 182 citations

Clinical Utility of Blood Cultures Drawn from Indwelling Central Venous Catheters in Hospitalized Patients with Cancer

1999 • 180 citations

Rate of insufficient samples for fine-needle aspiration for nonpalpable breast lesions in a multicenter clinical trial

1998 • 176 citations

Interpretation of radiographs: effect of clinical history

1981 • 167 citations

Publications on diagnostic test evaluation in family medicine journals

2000 • 159 citations

Intermediate, Indeterminate, and Uninterpretable Diagnostic Test Results

1987 • 156 citations

The assessment of diagnostic tests. A survey of current medical research

1984 • 154 citations

Reporting of precision of estimates for diagnostic accuracy: a review

1999 • 149 citations

The influence of referral patterns on the characteristics of diagnostic tests

1992 • 143 citations

The value of aspiration cytologic examination of the breast a statistical review of the medical literature

1992 • 137 citations

Diagnostic Accuracy of a Bedside D-dimer Assay and Alveolar Dead-Space Measurement for Rapid Exclusion of Pulmonary Embolism

2001 • 128 citations

The Combination of Human Glandular Kallikrein and Free Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA) Enhances Discrimination Between Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Patients with Moderately Increased Total PSA

1999 • 122 citations

Evaluating Bias and Variability in Diagnostic Test Reports

1999 • 122 citations

Magnetic Resonance Angiography Versus Duplex Sonography for Diagnosing Renovascular Disease

1999 • 114 citations

Reproducibility of the Histologic Diagnosis of Pneumonia Among a Panel of Four Pathologists

1997 • 113 citations

Sensitivity and specificity of a single diagnostic test in the presence of work-up bias

1992 • 112 citations

Enhancing retrieval of best evidence for health care from bibliographic databases: calibration of the hand search of the literature.

2001 • 105 citations

A model for assessing the sensitivity and specificity of tests subject to selection bias

1986 • 102 citations

Biochemical diagnosis of ventricular dysfunction in elderly patients in general practice: observational study

2000 • 99 citations

Dual-Detector Spiral CT Arthrography of the Knee: Accuracy for Detection of Meniscal Abnormalities and Unstable Meniscal Tears

2000 • 90 citations

Comparison of Bio-Rad %CDT TIA and CDTect as laboratory markers of heavy alcohol use and their relationships with gamma-glutamyltransferase.

2001 • 89 citations

The importance of work-up (verification) bias correction in assessing the accuracy of SPECT thallium-201 testing for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease

1996 • 85 citations

The influence of uninterpretability on the assessment of diagnostic tests

1986 • 76 citations

Bias in plain film reading performance studies

2001 • 72 citations

The Limited Spectrum of Patients Studied in Exercise Test Research

1982 • 69 citations

Tentative Diagnoses Facilitate the Detection of Diverse Lesions in Chest Radiographs

1986 • 65 citations

Effect of verification bias on positive and negative predictive values

1994 • 63 citations

Influence of training and experience in fine-needle aspiration biopsy of breast. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis.

1987 • 60 citations

A bibliography of publications on observer variability (final installment)*1

1992 • 51 citations

Effect of study design on the association between nuchal translucency measurement and Down syndrome

1999 • 51 citations

Use and accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology in histologically proven thyroid carcinoma: an audit using a national nathology database.

2000 • 50 citations

Stratification of Patients According to Prior Cardiopulmonary Disease and Probability Assessment Based on the Number of Mismatched Segmental Equivalent Perfusion Defects

1993 • 50 citations

Head-to-Head Evaluation of Five Chlamydia Tests Relative to a Quality-Assured Culture Standard

1999 • 48 citations

Methodological standards in radiographer plain film reading performance studies

2002 • 45 citations

The Hazards of Bedside Bayes

1981 • 45 citations

Off Bayes

1992 • 43 citations

Problems in selecting the adequate patient population from existing data files for assessment studies of new diagnostic tests

1995 • 40 citations

The effect of spectrum bias on the utility of magnetic resonance imaging and evoked potentials in the diagnosis of suspected multiple sclerosis

1996 • 33 citations

Identification of Heavy Drinkers Using a Combination of Laboratory Tests

1997 • 30 citations

Estimating the sensitivity of cervical cytology: errors of interpretation and test limitations

1996 • 27 citations

Relation of Observer Agreement to Accuracy According to a Two-receiver Signal Detection Model of Diagnosis

1989 • 26 citations

The spectrum of patients strongly influences the usefulness of diagnostic tests for pneumonia

1993 • 25 citations

Symptoms and selection bias: The influence of selection towards specialist care on the relationship between symptoms and diagnoses

1989 • 21 citations