Levels Issues in Theory Development, Data Collection, and Analysis

Research in Organizational Behavior.

1986 • 10,044 citations

Review of research in education

1973 • 7,707 citations

A Social Information Processing Approach to Job Attitudes and Task Design

1978 • 4,864 citations

Estimating within-group interrater reliability with and without response bias.

1984 • 4,437 citations

Ecological Correlations and the Behavior of Individuals

1950 • 4,404 citations

THE PEOPLE MAKE THE PLACE

1987 • 4,322 citations

Administrative Science Quarterly

1981 • 3,775 citations

Toward a Theory of Organizational Creativity

1993 • 3,415 citations

Threat Rigidity Effects in Organizational Behavior: A Multilevel Analysis

1981 • 3,368 citations

Organizations and Environments

1980 • 3,076 citations

A vertical dyad linkage approach to leadership within formal organizations

1975 • 2,744 citations

Matching People and Organizations: Selection and Socialization in Public Accounting Firms

1991 • 2,133 citations

rwg: An assessment of within-group interrater agreement.

1993 • 2,124 citations

TIME AN TRANSITION IN WORK TEAMS: TOWARD A NEW MODEL OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT.

1988 • 2,116 citations

Top Management Team Demography and Corporate Strategic Change

1992 • 2,062 citations

Aggregation bias in estimates of perceptual agreement.

1982 • 2,030 citations

TOP MANAGEMENT TEAM DEMOGRAPHY AND CORPORATE STRATEGIC CHANGE.

1992 • 2,006 citations

REVOLUTIONARY CHANGE THEORIES: A MULTILEVEL EXPLORATION OF THE PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM PARADIGM

1991 • 1,856 citations

BEYOND SIMPLE DEMOGRAPHIC EFFECTS: THE IMPORTANCE OF RELATIONAL DEMOGRAPHY IN SUPERIOR-SUBORDINATE DYADS.

1989 • 1,613 citations

Personality, affect, and behavior in groups.

1990 • 1,318 citations

Conceptualizing and Measuring Organizational and Psychological Climate: Pitfalls in Multilevel Research

1985 • 1,283 citations

Issues of level in organizational research: Multi-level and cross-level perspectives.

1985 • 1,238 citations

Organizations and Organization Theory.

1984 • 1,184 citations

ON THE ETIOLOGY OF CLIMATES

1983 • 1,162 citations

The relationship between satisfaction, attitudes, and performance: An organizational level analysis.

1992 • 1,008 citations

Some differences make a difference: Individual dissimilarity and group heterogeneity as correlates of recruitment, promotions, and turnover.

1991 • 903 citations

MARKING TIME: PREDICTABLE TRANSITIONS IN TASK GROUPS.

1989 • 861 citations

DIVERSIFICATIONPOSTURE AND TOP MANAGEMENT TEAM CHARACTERISTICS.

1992 • 844 citations

Organizational Demography and Turnover in Top-Management Group

1984 • 781 citations

The relationship between satisfaction, attitudes, and performance: An organizational level analysis.

1992 • 751 citations

The Dispositional Approach To Job Attitudes: A Lifetime Longitudinal Test

1986 • 750 citations

The Ambiguity of Leadership<sup />

1977 • 749 citations

Organizations and Environments.

1980 • 705 citations

SELF-REGULATION FOR MANAGERIAL EFFECTIVENESS: THE ROLE OF ACTIVE FEEDBACK SEEKING.

1991 • 695 citations

STRATEGY, CONTROL SYSTEMS, AND RESOURCE SHARING: EFFECTS ON BUSINESS-UNIT PERFORMANCE.

1990 • 634 citations

Organizations and Organization Theory.

1984 • 582 citations

Separating individual and group effects.

1985 • 567 citations

Training and Development in Organizations

1989 • 530 citations

Alternative opportunities and withdrawal decisions: Empirical and theoretical discrepancies and an integration.

1985 • 522 citations

A disagreement about within-group agreement: Disentangling issues of consistency versus consensus.

1992 • 493 citations

RELATIONSHIP OF CAREER MENTORING AND SOCIOECONOMIC ORIGIN TO MANAGERS' AND PROFESSIONALS' EARLY CAREER PROGRESS.

1991 • 482 citations

A Rule for Inferring Individual-Level Relationships from Aggregate Data

1978 • 401 citations

INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING AND JOB DESIGN: MODERATING EFFECTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL INERTIA.

1991 • 397 citations

Theory Testing and Organizational Behavior: The Varient Approach.

1987 • 392 citations

Negative affectivity as the underlying cause of correlations between stressors and strains.

1991 • 380 citations

Understanding groups in organizations.

1987 • 345 citations

ANTECEDENTS TO COMMITMENT TO A PARENT COMPANY AND A FOREIGN OPERATION.

1992 • 319 citations

Field studies of French and Raven's bases of power: Critique, reanalysis, and suggestions for future research.

1985 • 314 citations

EMOTIONAL CONTRAST STRATEGIES AS MEANS OF SOCIAL INFLUENCE: LESSONS FROM CRIMINAL INTERROGATORS AND BILL COLLECTORS.

1991 • 303 citations

Comparing correlations based on individual-level and aggregated data.

1993 • 296 citations

Employee stock ownership and employee attitudes: A test of three models.

1987 • 293 citations

The Analysis of Multilevel Data in Educational Research and Evaluation

1980 • 270 citations

Contextual Analysis: Concepts and Statistical Techniques.

1981 • 249 citations

Interdisciplinary approaches to job design: A constructive replication with extensions.

1988 • 235 citations

Comment: Organizations Do Not Cognize

1988 • 173 citations

Organizational Properties from Aggregate Data: Separating Individual and Structural Effects

1980 • 134 citations

On the application of within and between analysis: Are absence and affect really group-based phenomena?

1992 • 128 citations

Measures of strength of association: A comparative examination.

1981 • 124 citations

Cross-Level Inference and Organizational Research: Perspectives on Interpretation and Application

1983 • 111 citations

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTS AND EMPLOYEE REACTIONS: EFFECTS OF STIMULUS-SCREENING SKILLS AND JOB COMPLEXITY.

1991 • 105 citations

Response: Organizations Are Not Central Tendencies: Shadowboxing in the Dark, Round 2

1988 • 93 citations

Person and situation views of leadership: A multiple levels of analysis approach

1991 • 85 citations

Correlates of employee satisfaction with stock ownership: Who likes an ESOP most?

1988 • 82 citations

Pay-for-performance dilemma revisited: Empirical example of the importance of group effects.

1988 • 80 citations

An Agency Perspective on New Technology Champions

1992 • 73 citations

Hypothesized Interdependence, Assumed Independence

1984 • 66 citations

The systematic distortion hypothesis, halo, and accuracy: An individual-level analysis.

1987 • 61 citations

Assessing training needs: Critical levels of analysis.

1989 • 58 citations

The power of social information in the workplace

1989 • 55 citations

Some Problems in the Philosophy of Science of Organizations

1978 • 43 citations

Time Spent Communicating: A Multiple Levels of Analysis Approach

1988 • 41 citations

Handbook of Community Psychology

2001 • 40 citations

Response: Organizations Are Not Central Tendencies: Shadowboxing in the Dark, Round 2

1988 • 33 citations

Testing for cross-level interactions: An empirical demonstration

1989 • 14 citations

Levels of Analysis and the Vertical Dyad Linkage Approach to Leadership

1985 • 9 citations

Cross-Level Interaction in Multilevel Models

1985 • 9 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations