The Central Autonomic Nervous System: Conscious Visceral Perception and Autonomic Pattern Generation

II.—WHAT IS AN EMOTION ?

1884 • 3,055 citations

The Organization of Networks within the Orbital and Medial Prefrontal Cortex of Rats, Monkeys and Humans

2000 • 2,597 citations

Hypothalamic Integration: Organization of the Paraventricular and Supraoptic Nuclei

1983 • 1,962 citations

Anatomical evidence of direct projections from the nucleus of the solitary tract to the hypothalamus, amygdala, and other forebrain structures in the rat

1978 • 1,344 citations

The Cerebral Cortex of Man

1950 • 1,342 citations

Direct hypothalamo-autonomic connections

1976 • 1,194 citations

Bodily Changes in Pain, Hunger, Fear and Rage

1929 • 1,164 citations

The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals

1981 • 1,090 citations

Subnuclear organization of the efferent connections of the parabrachial nucleus in the rat

1984 • 1,037 citations

Columnar organization in the midbrain periaqueductal gray: modules for emotional expression?

1994 • 1,030 citations

Thermosensory activation of insular cortex

2000 • 975 citations

Connections of the parabrachial nucleus with the nucleus of the solitary tract and the medullary reticular formation in the rat

1990 • 952 citations

The role of the limbic system in experiential phenomena of temporal lobe epilepsy

1982 • 843 citations

Leptin Activates Hypothalamic CART Neurons Projecting to the Spinal Cord

1998 • 797 citations

The Brain Nucleus Locus Coeruleus: Restricted Afferent Control of a Broad Efferent Network

1986 • 763 citations

Viscerotopic representation of the upper alimentary tract in the rat: Sensory ganglia and nuclei of the solitary and spinal trigeminal tracts

1989 • 737 citations

Projections from the nucleus of the solitary tract in the rat

1978 • 703 citations

Evidence for a viscerotopic sensory representation in the cortex and thalamus in the rat

1987 • 699 citations

Central Command Neurons of the Sympathetic Nervous System: Basis of the Fight-or-Flight Response

1995 • 683 citations

ASCENDING AXON DEGENERATION FOLLOWING ANTEROLATERAL CORDOTOMY. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN THE MONKEY

1960 • 678 citations

A DIENCEPHALIC MECHANISM FOR THE EXPRESSION OF RAGE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

1928 • 622 citations

THE INSULA

1955 • 600 citations

A general pattern of CNS innervation of the sympathetic outflow demonstrated by transneuronal pseudorabies viral infections

1989 • 574 citations

Convergence of autonomic and limbic connections in the insular cortex of the rat

1982 • 573 citations

Viscerotopic representation of the upper alimentary tract in the medulla oblongata in the rat: The nucleus ambiguus

1987 • 534 citations

Hypothalamic Hypocretin (Orexin): Robust Innervation of the Spinal Cord

1999 • 522 citations

Projections from the nucleus tractus solitarii to the rostral ventrolateral medulla

1985 • 513 citations

Organization of visceral and limbic connections in the insular cortex of the rat

1991 • 509 citations

Somatosympathetic reflexes: afferent fibers, central pathways, discharge characteristics.

1973 • 503 citations

Comparison of human cerebral activation pattern during cutaneous warmth, heat pain, and deep cold pain

1996 • 470 citations

The distribution of visceral primary afferents from the pelvic nerve to Lissauer's tract and the spinal gray matter and its relationship to the sacral parasympathetic nucleus

1981 • 466 citations

Leptin Activates Neurons in Ventrobasal Hypothalamus and Brainstem

1997 • 428 citations

The nucleus of the solitary tract in the monkey: Projections to the thalamus and brain stem nuclei

1980 • 427 citations

Spinal and trigeminal projections to the nucleus of the solitary tract: A possible substrate for somatovisceral and viscerovisceral reflex activation

1987 • 411 citations

The central projections of the trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves: an autoradiographic study in the rat

1982 • 409 citations

Spinal and trigeminal dorsal horn projections to the parabrachial nucleus in the rat

1985 • 401 citations

Organization of cortical, basal forebrain, and hypothalamic afferents to the parabrachial nucleus in the rat

1990 • 395 citations

Differential control of sympathetic outflow

2001 • 371 citations

Chemical characterization of leptin-activated neurons in the rat brain

2000 • 358 citations

Neurochemical organization of the hypothalamic projection to the spinal cord in the rat

1988 • 337 citations

Breathlessness in humans activates insular cortex

2000 • 335 citations

Distribution of fos-like immunoreactivity in the rat brain following intravenous lipopolysaccharide administration

1996 • 335 citations

Pseudorabies virus infection of the rat central nervous system: ultrastructural characterization of viral replication, transport, and pathogenesis

1993 • 327 citations

Brainstem projections of aortic baroreceptor afferent fibers in the rat

1983 • 317 citations

Organization of cerebral cortical afferent systems in the rat. II. Hypothalamocortical projections

1985 • 316 citations

A SENSORY CORTICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE VAGUS NERVE: WITH A NOTE ON THE EFFECTS OF LOW BLOOD PRESSURE ON THE CORTICAL ELECTROGRAM

1938 • 316 citations

Distributions of spinothalamic, spinohypothalamic, and spinotelencephalic fibers revealed by anterograde transport of PHA-L in rats

1991 • 307 citations

Projections of thalamic gustatory and lingual areas in the monkey, Macaca fascicularis

1986 • 293 citations

Topographic organization of respiratory responses to glutamate microstimulation of the parabrachial nucleus in the rat

1994 • 292 citations

Central Regulation of Autonomic Functions

1990 • 289 citations

Topographic organization ot spinal ana trigeminal somatosensory pathways to the rat parabrachial and Kölliker—fuse nuclei

1995 • 268 citations

Gustatory responses of single neurons in the insula of the macaque monkey

1990 • 263 citations

A visceral pain pathway in the dorsal column of the spinal cord

1999 • 252 citations

Gustatory cortex in the rat. I. Physiological properties and cytoarchitecture

1986 • 250 citations

Reciprocal parabrachial-cortical connections in the rat

1982 • 250 citations

MECHANISMS OF CARDIAC PAIN

1999 • 242 citations

Facial, Vagal and Glossopharyngeal Nerves in the Cat

1962 • 238 citations

BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE, β3-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS, AND OBESITY

1997 • 234 citations

Pseudorabies virus: a highly specific transneuronal cell body marker in the sympathetic nervous system

1990 • 234 citations

Gustatory responses in the frontal opercular cortex of the alert cynomolgus monkey

1986 • 228 citations

Viscerotopic organization of neurons subserving hypotensive reactions within the midbrain periaqueductal grey: a correlative functional and anatomical study

1991 • 226 citations

CNS cell groups projecting to sympathetic outflow of tail artery: neural circuits involved in heat loss in the rat

1998 • 226 citations

Spinal lamina I projection neurons in the rat: Collateral innervation of parabrachial area and thalamus

1989 • 219 citations

Afferent connections of the caudolateral orbitofrontal cortex taste area of the primate

1995 • 215 citations

GABA-mediated inhibition of raphe pallidus neurons regulates sympathetic outflow to brown adipose tissue

1999 • 214 citations

Characterization of the central nervous system innervation of the rat spleen using viral transneuronal tracing

2001 • 214 citations

Difference in distribution of central terminals between visceral and somatic unmyelinated (C) primary afferent fibers

1989 • 211 citations

Projections of the carotid sinus nerve to the nucleus of the solitary tract in the cat

1980 • 210 citations

Peripheral and central pathways regulating the kidney: a study using pseudorabies virus

1993 • 209 citations

Cytoarchitectonic and immunohistochemical characterization of a specific pain and temperature relay, the posterior portion of the ventral medial nucleus, in the human thalamus

2000 • 204 citations

Human forebrain activation by visceral stimuli

1999 • 201 citations

Localization of cortical gustatory area in rats and its role in taste discrimination.

1980 • 201 citations

Taste in the Monkey Cortex

1999 • 190 citations

Organization of efferent projections from the parabrachial area to the hypothalamus: aPhaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin study in the rat

1997 • 187 citations

Organization of the efferent projections from the spinal cervical enlargement to the parabrachial area and periaqueductal graye. A PHA‐L study in the rat

1995 • 183 citations

CNS sites involved in sympathetic and parasympathetic control of the pancreas: a viral tracing study

1997 • 166 citations

The central gustatory paths in the brains of bony fishes. Studies from the Neurological Laboratory of Denison University. No. XVIII

1905 • 155 citations

The organization of pudendal motoneurons and primary afferent projections in the spinal cord of the rhesus monkey revealed by horseradish peroxidase

1985 • 154 citations

Central gustatory lesions: II. Effects on sodium appetite, taste aversion learning, and feeding behaviors.

1991 • 153 citations

Efferent projection from the preoptic area for the control of non‐shivering thermogenesis in rats

1998 • 152 citations

Lateralized and widespread brain activation during transient blood pressure elevation revealed by magnetic resonance imaging

2000 • 151 citations

Introduction

1997 • 149 citations

Flight and immobility evoked by excitatory amino acid microinjection within distinct parts of the subtentorial midbrain periaqueductal gray of the cat

1990 • 145 citations

Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Human Forebrain Activity During Heat Pain: Analysis by Positron Emission Tomography

2001 • 143 citations

Transneuronal labeling of spinal interneurons and sympathetic preganglionic neurons after pseudorabies virus injections in the rat medial gastrocnemius muscle

1992 • 143 citations

Role of the Cerebral Cortex in Autonomic Function

1990 • 140 citations

Segmental distribution and central projectionsof renal afferent fibers in the cat studied by transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase

1983 • 138 citations

Retrograde labeling of neurons in the spinal cord that project directly to the amygdala or the orbital cortex in the rat

1993 • 135 citations

Lipopolysaccharide Activates Specific Populations of Hypothalamic and Brainstem Neurons That Project to the Spinal Cord

2000 • 133 citations

Calcitonin gene‐related peptide immunoreactivity in the visceral sensory cortex, thalamus, and related pathways in the rat

1989 • 133 citations

Gustatory cortex in the rat. II. Thalamocortical projections

1986 • 131 citations

Projections from the paratrigeminal nucleus and the medullary and spinal dorsal horns to the peribrachial area in the cat

1985 • 129 citations

Neuropeptide expression in rat paraventricular hypothalamic neurons that project to the spinal cord

2001 • 127 citations

Efferent connections of the A1 noradrenergic cell group: A DBH immunohistochemical and PHA-L anterograde tracing study

1990 • 124 citations

Central gustatory lesions: II. Effects on sodium appetite, taste aversion learning, and feeding behaviors.

1991 • 122 citations

Differential projections to the intralaminar and gustatory thalamus from the parabrachial area: A PHA-L study in the rat

1999 • 120 citations

Differential control of sympathetic drive to the rat tail artery and kidney by medullary premotor cell groups

1999 • 112 citations

Experimental Biology 2000 Symposium on Differential Control of Sympathetic Outflow NEUROANATOMICAL SPECIFICITY OF THE CIRCUITS CONTROLLING SYMPATHETIC OUTFLOW TO DIFFERENT TARGETS

2001 • 111 citations

Spinal cord-projecting vasopressinergic neurons in the rat paraventricular hypothalamus

1999 • 108 citations

Differential Projections of Thermoreceptive and Nociceptive Lamina I Trigeminothalamic and Spinothalamic Neurons in the Cat

2001 • 106 citations

Specialized functional pathways are the building blocks of the autonomic nervous system

1992 • 105 citations

Inhibiting the rabbit caudal ventrolateral medulla prevents baroreceptor‐initiated secretion of vasopressin.

1985 • 102 citations

The effect of 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose and D‐glucose on the efferent discharge rate of sympathetic nerves.

1975 • 99 citations

Morphology and Distribution of Spinothalamic Lamina I Neurons in the Monkey

1997 • 97 citations

Calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity marks putative visceral sensory pathways in human brain

2000 • 91 citations

Responses of thoracic spinothalamic neurons to intracardiac injection of bradykinin in the monkey.

1982 • 90 citations

Specificity of spinal projections from hypothalamic and brainstem areas which innervate sympathetic preganglionic neurons

1985 • 89 citations

Early autonomic dysreflexia

2000 • 79 citations

Effect of Midbrain Stimulations on Thermoregulatory Vasomotor Responses in Rats

1997 • 79 citations

Effects of dehydration and rehydration on thermoregulatory sweating in goats.

1989 • 78 citations

Taste area in granular and dysgranular insular cortices in the rat identified by stimulation of the entire oral cavity

1990 • 77 citations

Autonomic dysreflexia during urodynamics

1998 • 77 citations

Cold‐activated raphé‐spinal neurons in rats

2001 • 75 citations

Central Nervous Regulation of Vascular Resistance

1980 • 75 citations

Parabrachial Internal Lateral Neurons Convey Nociceptive Messages from the Deep Laminas of the Dorsal Horn to the Intralaminar Thalamus

2001 • 74 citations

Rapidly adapting pulmonary receptor afferents: I. Arborization in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius

1988 • 71 citations

Afferents to the midline thalamus issue collaterals to the nucleus tractus solitarii: an anatomical basis for thalamic and visceral reflex integration

1994 • 69 citations

Gustatory Disturbance Due to Cerebrovascular Disorder

1999 • 69 citations

Vagal elicitation of respiratory-type and other unit responses in basal limbic structures of squirrel monkeys

1981 • 67 citations

Characterization of the central cell groups regulating the kidney in the rat

1999 • 66 citations

Quantitative analysis of central terminal projections of visceral and somatic unmyelinated (C) primary afferent fibers in the guinea pig

1993 • 64 citations

The renal afferent pathways in the rat: a pseudorabies virus study

1998 • 61 citations

STUDIES ON THE CONDITIONS OF ACTIVITY IN ENDOCRINE GLANDS

1927 • 60 citations

Sympathetic activity recorded from the rat caudal ventral artery in vivo.

1994 • 59 citations

Projection sites of superficial and deep spinal dorsal horn cells in the nucleus tractus solitarii of the rat

2001 • 56 citations

Vasodilatation in hind-limb skeletal muscle evoked as part of the defence reaction in the rat

1987 • 55 citations

Immunohistochemical profiles of spinal lamina I neurones retrogradely labelled from the nucleus tractus solitarii in rat suggest excitatory projections

2001 • 55 citations

The acute abdomen in spinal cord injury patients

1985 • 50 citations

Anatomic patterning in the expression of vestibulosympathetic reflexes

2000 • 49 citations

Distinct lateral and medial projections of the spinohypothalamic tract of the rat

1996 • 49 citations

Sympathetic control of hepatic glycogenolysis during glucopenia in man

1975 • 45 citations

Intrapericardiac injections of algogenic chemicals excite primate C1-C2 spinothalamic tract neurons

2000 • 44 citations

Human Thalamic Nucleus Mediating Taste and Multiple Other Sensations Related to Ingestive Behavior

1997 • 39 citations

Warm-Sensitive Afferent Splanchnic C-Fiber Units In Vitro

1997 • 38 citations

Ipsilateral disturbance of taste due to pontine haemorrhage

1983 • 37 citations

Muscle pain activates a direct projection from ventrolateral periaqueductal gray to rostral ventrolateral medulla in rats

2000 • 36 citations

Distribution and morphology of spinothalamic tract neurons in the rat

1997 • 33 citations

Pain as a visceral sensation

2000 • 33 citations

Evaluation of the Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System in the Glucoregulatory Response to Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia in the Rat

1977 • 31 citations

Appendicitis in patients with previous spinal cord injury

1999 • 28 citations

Magnitude of skin vasomotor reflex represents the intensity of nociception under general anesthesia

1998 • 25 citations

Distribution of nociceptive neurons in the ventrobasal complex of macaque thalamus

1998 • 21 citations

Diencephalic Origins of Melanin‐Concentrating Hormone Immunoreactive Projections to Medial Septum/Diagonal Band Complex and Spinal Cord Using Two Retrograde Fluorescent Tracers^a

1993 • 20 citations

Renal and somatic input to spinal neurons antidromically activated from the ventrolateral medulla

1988 • 19 citations

Responses of nociceptive VPL neurons to intracardiac injection of bradykinin in the cat

1990 • 19 citations

Cytochrome oxidase staining facilitates unequivocal visualization of the primary gustatory area in the fronto-operculo-insular cortex of macaque monkeys

1991 • 19 citations

Neuronal activity in the monkey fronto-opercular and adjacent insular/prefrontal cortices during a taste discrimination GO/NOGO task: response to cues

2001 • 18 citations

Defense reaction alters the response to blood loss in the conscious rabbit

2001 • 18 citations

2-Deoxy-D-Glucose-Induced Central Glycopenia Differentially Influences Renal and Adrenal Nerve Activity in Awake Shr Rats

1988 • 17 citations

Effect of voluntary dehydration on thermoregulatory responses to heat in men and women

1987 • 12 citations

The Mechanism of Hypertension and Bradycardia Following Lesions of the Caudal Ventrolateral Medulla in the Rabbit: The Role of Sympathetic Nerves, Circulating Adrenaline, Vasopressin and Renin

1985 • 12 citations

Tissue norepinephrine turnover and cardiovascular responses during intermittent dehydration in the rat

1999 • 7 citations

Somatosensory nociceptive mechanical stimulation modulates systemic and mesenteric microvascular hemodynamics in anesthetized rats

2001 • 7 citations