The Immediate Effects of Media Violence on Behavior

A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing.

1975 • 7,571 citations

Mood and memory.

1981 • 5,114 citations

Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory.

1973 • 4,419 citations

Mood and memory.

1981 • 3,889 citations

Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 1969.

1971 • 2,227 citations

A Bio‐Informational Theory of Emotional Imagery

1979 • 1,703 citations

Imitation of film-mediated aggressive models.

1963 • 1,593 citations

Progress in Experimental Personality Research

1986 • 1,538 citations

Influence of models' reinforcement contingencies on the acquisition of imitative responses.

1965 • 1,243 citations

The Influence of Suggestion on Suicide: Substantive and Theoretical Implications of the Werther Effect

1974 • 968 citations

Excitation transfer in communication-mediated aggressive behavior

1971 • 697 citations

External validity is more than skin deep: Some answers to criticisms of laboratory experiments.

1982 • 684 citations

Cognition and Social Behavior

1978 • 630 citations

Television and behavior : ten years of scientific progress and implications for the eighties

1982 • 628 citations

Weapons as aggression-eliciting stimuli.

1967 • 610 citations

Aggression : theoretical and empirical reviews

1983 • 578 citations

Some effects of thoughts on anti- and prosocial influences of media events: A cognitive-neoassociation analysis.

1984 • 446 citations

Affective consequences of inadequately explained physiological arousal.

1979 • 253 citations

Effects of film violence on inhibitions against subsequent aggression.

1963 • 223 citations

Film violence and the cue properties of available targets.

1966 • 207 citations

Suicide, Motor Vehicle Fatalities, and the Mass Media: Evidence Toward a Theory of Suggestion

1979 • 194 citations

The drive-reducing function of fantasy behavior.

1955 • 182 citations

The Impact of Mass Media Violence on U.S. Homicides

1983 • 168 citations

The meaning of an observed event as a determinant of its aggressive consequences.

1973 • 165 citations

Activation of cue-elicited aggression by general arousal.

1969 • 164 citations

Television and aggression

1971 • 162 citations

The Impact of Fictional Television Stories on U.S. Adult Fatalities: New Evidence on the Effect of the Mass Media on Violence

1982 • 148 citations

Stimulus qualities of the target of aggression: A further study.

1967 • 144 citations

The stimulating effects of a vicarious aggressive activity.

1961 • 139 citations

Motor Vehicle Fatalities Increase Just After Publicized Suicide Stories

1977 • 110 citations

Film Violence and Subsequent Aggressive Tendencies

1963 • 106 citations

The Catharsis Hypothesis and Some Consequences of Interaction with Aggressive and Neutral Play Objects1

1956 • 102 citations

Some Effects of Violent and Nonviolent Movies on the Behavior of Juvenile Delinquents

1977 • 102 citations

Context effects in observed violence.

1973 • 90 citations

Some conditions facilitating the occurrence of aggression after the observation of violence1

1967 • 87 citations

Physical pain and the goal of aversively stimulated aggression.

1981 • 84 citations

Impact of the introduction of television on crime in the United States: Empirical findings and theoretical implications.

1982 • 84 citations

Same Time, Next Year: Aggregate Analyses of the Mass Media and Violent Behavior

1985 • 79 citations

Media Violence and Aggressive Behavior: A Review of Experimental Research

1970 • 79 citations

Effects of viewing justified and unjustified real film violence on aggressive behavior.

1972 • 78 citations

Television and behavior: Ten years of scientific progress and implications for the Eighties. Vol 2: Technical reviews

1982 • 77 citations

Physical pain and the goal of aversively stimulated aggression.

1981 • 73 citations

When Violence is Rewarded or Punished: The Impact of Mass Media Stories on Homicide

1984 • 71 citations

The meaning of observed violence: Real vs. fictional violence and consequent effects on aggression and emotional arousal

1975 • 71 citations

An Experimental Field Study

1977 • 70 citations

The Impact of Fictional Television Suicide Stories on U.S. Fatalities: A Replication

1984 • 70 citations

Effects of subject sophistication and evaluation apprehension on aggressive responses to weapons.

1974 • 66 citations

FILM-MEDIATED FANTASY AGGRESSION AND STRENGTH OF AGGRESSIVE DRIVE1

1956 • 64 citations

Name-mediated aggressive cue properties1

1966 • 63 citations

The Portrayal of Aggression on North American Television¹

1982 • 62 citations

Firing a weapon and aggression.

1972 • 61 citations

Media Violence and Antisocial Behavior: An Overview

1986 • 60 citations

Identification with film aggressor (covert role taking) and reactions to film violence.

1972 • 58 citations

Motivated aggressiveness perpetuated by exposure to aggressive films and reduced by exposure to nonaggressive films

1973 • 55 citations

Airplane Accident Fatalities Increase Just After Newspaper Stories About Murder and Suicide

1978 • 51 citations

Aggressive slides can induce a weapons effect

1975 • 51 citations

Identification with the Winner of a Fight and Name Mediation: Their Differential Effects upon Subsequent Aggressive Behaviour

1973 • 50 citations

Effects of toy guns and airplanes on children's antisocial free play behavior

1976 • 49 citations

Delay of measurement and the effects of film violence

1972 • 42 citations

Effect of media violence “justification” on aggression

1970 • 39 citations

Effects of viewing real versus fantasy violence upon interpersonal aggression

1974 • 38 citations

Television and Antisocial Behavior: Field Experiments

1973 • 38 citations

The stimulating and inhibiting effects of weapons on Aggressive behavior

1977 • 36 citations

Naturalistic Studies of the Long‐Term Effects of Television Violence

1986 • 32 citations

The meaning of observed violence: Effects on arousal and aggressive behavior

1974 • 28 citations

Observing Violence in the Mass Media: Implications of Basic Research

1976 • 25 citations

The effects of commercial interruption of violent and nonviolent films on viewers' subsequent aggression

1976 • 23 citations

Identification with film characters, covert aggressive verbalization, and reactions to film violence

1976 • 23 citations

Same Time, Last Year: Selective Data Dredging for Negative Findings: Reply to Phillips and Bollen

1985 • 21 citations

Evaluation apprehension, hypothesis awareness, and the weapons effect

1976 • 21 citations

The influence of an audience upon the reactions to filmed violence

1982 • 19 citations

Effects of viewed violence and aggression: Stimulation and catharsis.

1975 • 18 citations

PACIFYING EFFECT OF HAPPY ENDING OF COMMUNICATIONS INVOLVING AGGRESSION

1973 • 18 citations

Stimulus characteristics that can enhance or decrease aggression: Associations with prior positive or negative reinforcements for aggression

1977 • 16 citations

A Naive Psychological Analysis of Counteraggression

1978 • 13 citations

Initiative aggression in children as a function of observing a human model.

1971 • 12 citations

Influence upon Imitative Aggression of an Imitating Peer

1977 • 10 citations

Film-Mediated Fantasy Aggression and Strength of Aggressive Drive

1956 • 10 citations

Learning of aggression as a function of presence of a human model, response intensity, and target of the response

1971 • 10 citations

The effects of emotional arousal on the retention of film content: A failure to replicate.

1956 • 9 citations

The context of observed violence: Inhibition of aggression through displays of unsuccessful retaliation

1972 • 6 citations

CHILDREN AND AGGRESSION AFTER OBSERVED FILM AGGRESSION WITH SANCTIONING ADULTS

1980 • 5 citations

The effects of violent television upon children's aggression : elicitation, disinhibition, or catharsis?

1983 • 4 citations

Agricultural Plant Biology

1978 • 3 citations

Coactor's behavior and imitative aggression

1979 • 2 citations