Height, wealth, and health: An overview with new data from three longitudinal studies

Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases

2001 • 2,932 citations

Excess mortality of mental disorder

1998 • 1,897 citations

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF binding protein-3, and cancer risk: systematic review and meta-regression analysis

2004 • 1,669 citations

INEQUALITIES IN DEATH—SPECIFIC EXPLANATIONS OF A GENERAL PATTERN?

1984 • 1,467 citations

Premature mortality due to cardiovascular disease in hypopituitarism

1990 • 1,424 citations

Stature and the Standard of Living

1995 • 1,322 citations

Regression Towards Mediocrity in Hereditary Stature.

1886 • 1,282 citations

Insights Into Causal Pathways for Ischemic Heart Disease

2004 • 986 citations

The impact of adverse childhood experiences on health problems: evidence from four birth cohorts dating back to 1900

2003 • 975 citations

Cellular Response in Rats during Malnutrition at Various Ages

1966 • 973 citations

A History of the Study of Human Growth

1982 • 901 citations

Height. Weight and Mortality The Norwegian Experience

1984 • 882 citations

Excess mortality of schizophrenia

1997 • 880 citations

The Relationship Between Reduced Lung Function and Cardiovascular Mortality

2005 • 854 citations

Body Size and Fat Distribution as Predictors of Coronary Heart Disease among Middle-aged and Older US Men

1995 • 853 citations

Cohort Profile: The Whitehall II study

2004 • 757 citations

Serum insulin-like growth factor-I in 1030 healthy children, adolescents, and adults: relation to age, sex, stage of puberty, testicular size, and body mass index

1994 • 696 citations

Education and occupational social class: which is the more important indicator of mortality risk?

1998 • 676 citations

Heritability of Adult Body Height: A Comparative Study of Twin Cohorts in Eight Countries

2003 • 627 citations

Alcohol, Height, and Adiposity in Relation to Estrogen and Prolactin Levels in Postmenopausal Women

1995 • 556 citations

Shrinking in a Growing Economy? The Mystery of Physical Stature during the Industrial Revolution

1998 • 537 citations

Cohort Profile: The 1946 National Birth Cohort (MRC National Survey of Health and Development)

2005 • 492 citations

FACTORS AFFECTING THE RESPONSE OF IMMUNISED GUINEAPIGS TO ANTIGENIC STIMULUS

1949 • 472 citations

INCIDENCE AND PREDICTION OF ISCHÆMIC HEART-DISEASE IN LONDON BUSMEN

1966 • 435 citations

Socioeconomic indexes and the new 1980 census occupational classification scheme

1985 • 428 citations

Effects of prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding on child height, weight, adiposity, and blood pressure at age 6.5 y: evidence from a large randomized trial

2007 • 408 citations

Height, Leg Length, and Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review

2001 • 396 citations

A history of the study of human growth

1981 • 386 citations

Longitudinal Change in Height of Men and Women: Implications for Interpretation of the Body Mass Index: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

1999 • 380 citations

Diet and heart: a postscript.

1977 • 379 citations

Comparison of Risk Factors for the Competing Risks of Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke, and Venous Thromboembolism

2005 • 370 citations

CARDIORESPIRATORY DISEASE AND DIABETES AMONG MIDDLE-AGED MALE CIVIL SERVANTS

1974 • 345 citations

Height and risk of death among men and women: aetiological implications of associations with cardiorespiratory disease and cancer mortality

2000 • 324 citations

ON THE LAWS OF INHERITANCE IN MAN: I. INHERITANCE OF PHYSICAL CHARACTERS

1903 • 289 citations

Osteoporosis and Cardiovascular Disease: Brittle Bones and Boned Arteries, Is There a Link?

2004 • 283 citations

Cow's Milk and Linear Growth in Industrialized and Developing Countries

2006 • 268 citations

Are Cell Number and Cell Proliferation Risk Factors for Cancer?1

1988 • 268 citations

Persistent variations in average height between countries and between socio-economic groups: an overview of 10 European countries

2000 • 248 citations

Childhood leg length and adult mortality: follow up of the Carnegie (Boyd Orr) Survey of Diet and Health in Pre-war Britain

1998 • 243 citations

Leg length, insulin resistance, and coronary heart disease risk: The Caerphilly Study

2001 • 238 citations

Association of Adult Body Mass Index and Height with Anxiety, Depression, and Suicide in the General Population: The HUNT Study

2007 • 235 citations

A comparison of the physical growth and development of American‐born and native Japanese children

1957 • 225 citations

Height, weight and menarcheal age of Oslo schoolchildren during the last 60 years

1980 • 215 citations

Adult stature and risk of cancer.

1988 • 213 citations

Birth Counts: Statistics of Pregnancy and Childbirth

1984 • 196 citations

Adult Height and Cause-specific Mortality: A Large Prospective Study of South Korean Men

2003 • 193 citations

Associations of height, leg length, and lung function with cardiovascular risk factors in the Midspan Family Study

2003 • 191 citations

MENTAL CONTENTMENT AND PHYSICAL GROWTH

1951 • 185 citations

Relation of Adult Height to Cause-specific and Total Mortality: A Prospective Follow-up Study of 31, 199 Middle-aged Men and Women in Finland

2000 • 183 citations

Childhood energy intake and adult mortality from cancer: the boyd orr cohort study

1998 • 182 citations

Family conflict and slow growth

1997 • 174 citations

Findings from Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America on secular change in mean height of children, youths, and young adults

1976 • 173 citations

Predictors of death from aortic aneurysm among middle-aged men: The Whitehall study

1991 • 171 citations

Adult height and mortality in London: early life, socioeconomic confounding, or shrinkage?

1995 • 168 citations

Low intelligence test scores in 18 year old men and risk of suicide: cohort study

2004 • 168 citations

Effects of prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding on child height, weight, adiposity, and blood pressure at age 6.5 y: evidence from a large randomized trial

2007 • 166 citations

Combined Genome Scans for Body Stature in 6,602 European Twins: Evidence for Common Caucasian Loci

2007 • 162 citations

Secular Trends in Social Class and Sex Differences in Adult Height

1991 • 161 citations

Short stature as an effect of economic and social conditions in childhood

1995 • 154 citations

Socio‐economic and dietary influences on leg length and trunk length in childhood: a reanalysis of the Carnegie (Boyd Orr) survey of diet and health in prewar Britain (1937–39)

1998 • 153 citations

YOUNG CANDIDATES FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE

1951 • 147 citations

Secular Changes in Growth

1996 • 140 citations

Modulation of aging processes by dietary restriction

1994 • 140 citations

CHRONIC DISEASE IN FORMER COLLEGE STUDENTS

1966 • 138 citations

Height and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Women

1995 • 137 citations

Serological precursors of cancer: serum hormones and risk of subsequent prostate cancer.

1993 • 137 citations

Body Height, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Risk of Stroke in Middle-aged Men and Women

1996 • 134 citations

Commentary: Can adult anthropometry be used as a ‘biomarker’ for prenatal and childhood exposures?

2002 • 132 citations

Postservice Mortality in Vietnam Veterans

2004 • 131 citations

Socio-economic position and coronary heart disease risk factors in children and young people: Evidence from UK epidemiological studies

2002 • 129 citations

A Cross-sectional Examination of Height, Weight, and Body Mass Index in Adult Twins

1995 • 123 citations

Caloric restriction and 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumor growth in rats: alterations in circulating insulin, insulin-like growth factors I and II, and epidermal growth factor.

1989 • 116 citations

Giardia intestinalis

2003 • 114 citations

Adult body height, self perceived health and mortality in the Swedish population.

1989 • 111 citations

Adult Height, Stroke, and Coronary Heart Disease

1998 • 109 citations

Body mass and prostatic cancer: a prospective study.

1988 • 109 citations

IQ in late adolescence/early adulthood, risk factors in middle age and later all-cause mortality in men: the Vietnam Experience Study

2008 • 104 citations

A prospective study of weight, body mass index and other anthropometric measurements in relation to site‐specific cancers

1994 • 104 citations

Hormonal effects of early rearing conditions in the infant rhesus monkey

1989 • 103 citations

Short stature and risk for mortality and cardiovascular disease events. The Framingham Heart Study.

1994 • 102 citations

Modulation of aging processes by dietary restriction

1995 • 102 citations

Height, body mass index and mortality: Do social factors explain the association?

1992 • 101 citations

Adult height and incidence of cancer in male physicians (United States).

1997 • 100 citations

Patterns of Fetal and Childhood Growth and the Development of Psychosis in Young Males: A Cohort Study

2003 • 99 citations

Commentary: Can adult anthropometry be used as a ‘biomarker’ for prenatal and childhood exposures?

2002 • 95 citations

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Growth in Height, Leg Length, and Trunk Length between Ages 5 and 10 Years

2006 • 94 citations

Cigarette smoking and site-specific cancer mortality: testing uncertain associations using extended follow-up of the original Whitehall study

2008 • 93 citations

Relation between number of siblings and adult mortality and stroke risk: 25 year follow up of men in the Collaborative study

2003 • 93 citations

Association between Height and Coronary Heart Disease Mortality: A Prospective Study of 35,000 Twin Pairs

2006 • 92 citations

Height in Young Adulthood and Risk of Death from Cardiorespiratory Disease: A Prospective Study of Male Former Students of Glasgow University, Scotland

2002 • 92 citations

Height: a risk marker for ischaemic heart disease: prospective results from the Caerphilly and Speedwell Heart Disease Studies

1992 • 90 citations

Parasite risk factors for stunting in grade 5 students in a community of extreme poverty in Peru

2006 • 89 citations

Can the “Specificity” of an Association be Rehabilitated as a Basis for Supporting a Causal Hypothesis?

2002 • 87 citations

Pre-morbid intelligence, the metabolic syndrome and mortality: the Vietnam Experience Study

2008 • 87 citations

Adult Socioeconomic Position and the Association Between Height and Coronary Heart Disease Mortality: Findings From 33 Years of Follow-Up in the Whitehall Study

2005 • 86 citations

Suicide, age and marital status

1988 • 85 citations

Strong Inverse Association Between Height and Suicide in a Large Cohort of Swedish Men: Evidence of Early Life Origins of Suicidal Behavior?

2005 • 85 citations

Short Stature, Lung Function and Risk of a Heart Attack

1989 • 84 citations

Adult height and the risks of cardiovascular disease and major causes of death in the Asia-Pacific region: 21 000 deaths in 510 000 men and women

2009 • 82 citations

STATURE AND THE RISK OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN WOMEN

1990 • 80 citations

Adult height in relation to mortality from 14 cancer sites in men in London (UK): evidence from the original Whitehall study

2005 • 79 citations

CHRONIC DISEASE IN FORMER COLLEGE STUDENTS

1969 • 78 citations

Prospective study of body size and risk for stroke amongst women below age 60

2006 • 77 citations

Birth weight, components of height and coronary heart disease: evidence from the Whitehall II study

2006 • 76 citations

Anthropometry in Adolescence -Secular Trends, Adoption, Ethnic and Environmental Differences

1993 • 74 citations

Short stature and risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease: Negative findings from the NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study

1996 • 71 citations

β-Endorphin, but not substance-P, is increased by acute stress in humans

1995 • 71 citations

Short stature and cardiovascular disease among men and women from two southeastern New England communities

1998 • 70 citations

An investigation of fetal, postnatal and childhood growth with insulin‐like growth factor I and binding protein 3 in adulthood

2003 • 68 citations

Short stature and poor psychological performance: risk factors for attempted suicide among Swedish male conscripts

1999 • 67 citations

Chronic disease in former college students. II. Methods of study and observations on mortality from coronary heart disease.

1966 • 65 citations

Anthropometric evidence on economic growth, biological well-being and regional convergence in the Habsburg Monarchy, c. 1850–1910

2007 • 64 citations

The biological standard of living (and its convergence) in Colombia, 1870–2003

2007 • 59 citations

Adult Height and the Risk of Mortality in South Korean Women

2008 • 58 citations

Relationship between height, sitting height and subisehial leg length in Dutch children: presentation of normal values

1995 • 58 citations

Social status and adult heights in the two Germanies

2002 • 58 citations

Body height, birth cohort and social background in Finland and Sweden

2001 • 55 citations

IQ in late adolescence/early adulthood, risk factors in middle-age and later coronary heart disease mortality in men: the Vietnam Experience Study

2008 • 52 citations

THE CANDIDATE FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE

1959 • 51 citations

Height and mortality from cancer among men: prospective observational study

1998 • 49 citations

Early Life Factors Are Determinants of Female Height at Age 19 Years in a Population-Based Birth Cohort (Pelotas, Brazil)

2006 • 49 citations

Dietary restrictions and cancer.

1997 • 48 citations

Anthropometric Predictors of Coronary Heart Disease and Total Mortality: Findings from the US Railroad Study

1991 • 47 citations

Body Height Is Associated With Decreased Long-Term Stroke but Not Coronary Heart Disease Mortality?

2002 • 47 citations

Biosocial influences on stature: a review

1991 • 46 citations

Associations of adult measures of childhood growth with breast cancer: findings from the British Women's Heart and Health Study

2003 • 45 citations

Adult height and lung function as markers of life course exposures: Associations with risk factors and cause-specific mortality

2006 • 45 citations

A longitudinal study of growth in Newcastle upon Tyne adolescents

1983 • 44 citations

Separating in-utero and postnatal influences on later disease

1999 • 43 citations

Postservice mortality among Vietnam veterans. The Centers for Disease Control Vietnam Experience Study

1987 • 42 citations

Associations of Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)-I, IGF-II, IGF Binding Protein (IGFBP)-2 and IGFBP-3 with Ultrasound Measures of Atherosclerosis and Plaque Stability in an Older Adult Population

2008 • 39 citations

CORONARY HEART DISEASE A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

1964 • 38 citations

Higher prevalence and greater severity of coronary disease in short versus tall men referred for coronary arteriography

1997 • 38 citations

Fall in association of height with intelligence and educational level.

1989 • 36 citations

Height, Leg Length, and Cancer: The Caerphilly Study

2003 • 32 citations

Height, body mass index, and survival in men with coronary disease: follow up of the diet and reinfarction trial (DART)

2002 • 32 citations

Poor Health

2013 • 31 citations

Growth of children from 0–5 years: with special reference to mother's smoking in pregnancy

1987 • 29 citations

Anthropometric measures and metabolic rate in association with risk of breast cancer (United States)

1996 • 29 citations

The Foetal Origins of Adult Disease: Interpreting the Evidence From Twin Studies

2001 • 27 citations

CHRONIC DISEASE IN FORMER COLLEGE STUDENTS. VII. EARLY PRECURSORS OF NONFATAL CORONARY HEART DISEASE1

1968 • 26 citations

Adult height is inversely associated with ischaemic stroke. The Caerphilly and Speedwell Collaborative Studies

2000 • 26 citations

Current controversies associated with Helicobacter Pylori infection in the pediatric population

2001 • 25 citations

Risk-factor profile for the incidence of subarachnoid and intracerebral haemorrhage, cerebral infarction, and unspecified stroke during 21 years' follow-up in men

2006 • 24 citations

Childhood stature and adult cancer risk: the Boyd Orr cohort

2008 • 23 citations

Differences in Height between Socially more and Less Privileged 10 year old Stockholm Children Born in 1933–1963

1992 • 19 citations

Growth Screening and Urban Deprivation

1995 • 18 citations

King Khama, Emperor Joe and the Great White Queen: Victorian Britain through African Eyes

1999 • 14 citations

CORONARY HEART DISEASE A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

1964 • 13 citations

DIETA DE HAMBRE EN LA ALIMENTACION DE LOS VIEJOS

1956 • 12 citations

A comparison of height, weight and head circumference of primary school children living in deprived and non-deprived circumstances

1992 • 8 citations

The mortality monograph: a medico-actuarial milestone.

1976 • 7 citations

Height and mortality after myocardial infarction

1995 • 7 citations

The Dimensions of Inequality: Height and Weight Variation in Britain, 1700-2000

2002 • 5 citations

PUBLIC-SCHOOL AND SECONDARY-SCHOOL BOYS

1939 • 4 citations

The Relationship Between Beta-Endorphin and the Growth Hormone (GH) Response to gh Releasing Hormone in Prepubertal Children

1992 • 3 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations