Ketamine sedation for pediatric procedures: Part 2, review and implications

Ketamine—Its Pharmacology and Therapeutic Uses

1982 • 1,490 citations

Ketamine: an update on the first twenty-five years of clinical experience

1989 • 714 citations

Pharmacology of Ketamine Isomers in Surgical Patients

1980 • 419 citations

Dissociative anesthesia: further pharmacologic studies and first clinical experience with the phencyclidine derivative CI-581.

1966 • 389 citations

COMPARATIVE PHARMACOLOGY OF THE KETAMINE ISOMERS

1985 • 382 citations

PHARMACOKINETICS AND ANALGESIC EFFECTS OF I.M. AND ORAL KETAMINE

1981 • 346 citations

PHARMACOKINETICS AND ANALGESIC EFFECT OF KETAMINE IN MAN

1981 • 315 citations

KETAMINE INFUSIONS: PHARMACOKINETICS AND CLINICAL EFFECTS

1979 • 306 citations

Laryngospasm During Anaesthesia. A Computer‐Aided Incidence Study in 136 929 Patients

1984 • 296 citations

The Effects of Ketamine on Cerebral Circulation and Metabolism in Man

1972 • 248 citations

Circulatory Responses to Ketamine Anesthesia

1972 • 215 citations

KETAMINE ANAESTHESIA IN PATIENTS WITH INTRACRANIAL PATHOLOGY

1972 • 213 citations

Opiate Receptor Mediation of Ketamine Analgesia

1982 • 206 citations

Guidelines for the elective use of conscious sedation, deep sedation, and general anesthesia in pediatric patients.

1986 • 200 citations

A practice of anaesthesia

1972 • 198 citations

Guidelines for the Elective Use of Conscious Sedation, Deep Sedation, and General Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients

1985 • 192 citations

OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA

1976 • 189 citations

Distribution in the Brain and Metabolism of Ketamine in the Rat after Intravenous Administration

1973 • 179 citations

Changing concepts in pain control during surgery: dissociative anesthesia with CI-581. A progress report.

1968 • 176 citations

Midazolam and diazepam in ketamine anaesthesia

1984 • 170 citations

ANALGESIC EFFECTS OF KETAMINE ADMINISTERED IN SUBDISSOCIATIVE DOSES

1972 • 164 citations

KETAMINE DISPOSITION IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS

1983 • 151 citations

Anesthesia for Infants and Children

1960 • 142 citations

Studies of the Mechanism of Cardiovascular Responses to CI-581

1968 • 142 citations

KETAMINE IN THE ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT OF ASTHMATIC PATIENTS

1973 • 124 citations

Hemodynamic Effects of Ketamine in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

1985 • 118 citations

Risks to Children From Computed Tomographic Scan Premedication

1982 • 115 citations

Differential Effects of Ketamine Isomers on Neuronal and Extraneuronal Catecholamine Uptake Mechanisms

1986 • 114 citations

An Anesthetic Agent: 2-0rthochlorophenyl, 2- Methylamino Cyclohexanone HCl (CI-581)

1967 • 113 citations

Ketamine and the conscious mind

1972 • 107 citations

Respiratory Interactions of Ketamine and Morphine

1987 • 106 citations

Analgesic Effects of Ketamine Administered in Subdissociative Doses

1971 • 101 citations

Use of ketamine in asthmatic children to treat respiratory failure refractory to conventional therapy

1986 • 100 citations

Hemodynamic Effects of Ketamine in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

1984 • 99 citations

IV Nembutal: safe sedation for children undergoing CT

1988 • 97 citations

Ketamine by continuous infusion in status asthmaticus

1986 • 94 citations

The taming of ketamine*

1973 • 93 citations

Intravenous Lidocaine Controls Extubation Laryngospasm in Children

1978 • 93 citations

INHALATION ANESTHESIA

1937 • 93 citations

Use of Continuous Infusion versus Intermittent Bolus Administration of Fentanyl or Ketamine during Outpatient Anesthesia

1983 • 91 citations

Ketamine in the Anesthetic Management of Asthmatic Patients

1972 • 90 citations

CLINICAL STUDIES OF INDUCTION AGENTS XXXVI: KETAMINE

1970 • 89 citations

A Comparative Evaluation of Ketamine Anesthesia in Children and Adults

1974 • 89 citations

Depression of Laryngeal Reflexes during Ketamine Anaesthesia

1971 • 86 citations

The use of ketamine for the emergency intubation of patients with status asthmaticus

1987 • 85 citations

CURRENT STATUS OF KETAMINE ANÆSTHESIA

1971 • 80 citations

Anesthesia and Sedation in the Dental Office

1985 • 79 citations

CLINICAL EXPERIENCE WITH SUBANESTHETIC KETAMINE

1975 • 76 citations

Sensory disturbances following ketamine anesthesia: recurrent hallucinations.

1973 • 76 citations

Ketamine and Intraocular Pressure in Children

1976 • 73 citations

Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in the Pediatric Patient

1976 • 73 citations

Development of laryngeal function: Etiologic significance in the sudden infant death syndrome

1979 • 72 citations

Response to hypercapnia under ketamine anaesthesia

1975 • 72 citations

Development of Tolerance to Ketamine in an Infant Undergoing Repeated Anesthesia

1981 • 72 citations

Ketamine-induced Changes in Regional Glucose Utilization in the Rat Brain

1980 • 72 citations

Ketamine: Convulsant or anti-convulsant?

1981 • 71 citations

Glottic Closure Reflex: Control Mechanisms

1980 • 70 citations

Prolonged Adverse Reactions to Ketamine in Children

1978 • 69 citations

Anesthesia for Infants and Children

1980 • 68 citations

Ketamine: Its Effect on Airway Resistance in Man

1972 • 68 citations

THE EFFECT OF KETAMINE ON INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE IN CHILDREN

1972 • 68 citations

Epilepsy or Anesthesia with Ketamine

1972 • 64 citations

SIDE EFFECTS OF KETAMINE IN PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA

1975 • 64 citations

Sensory Disturbances Following Ketamine Anesthesia

1973 • 64 citations

Ketamine hydrochloride in severe bronchospasm

1977 • 63 citations

KETAMINE AND EPILEPSY

1975 • 63 citations

Ketamine and Intraocular Pressure

1975 • 63 citations

Side Effects of Ketamine in Pediatric Anesthesia

1974 • 61 citations

Low-dose Intramuscular Ketamine for Anesthesia Pre-induction in Young Children Undergoing Brief Outpatient Procedures

1989 • 60 citations

Ventilatory Response to CO2 Following Intravenous Ketamine in Children

1989 • 59 citations

The Effect of Ketamine on Intraocular Pressure in Children

1971 • 59 citations

Effects of ketamine in epilepsy

1975 • 56 citations

Intravenous Anesthesia and Analgesia

1988 • 54 citations

Ketamine as the sole anaesthetic agent for minor surgical procedures

1971 • 54 citations

Comparison of Ketamine and Thiopental in Healthy Volunteers

1984 • 53 citations

THE USE OF KETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANAESTHESIA FOR RADIOTHERAPY IN YOUNG CHILDREN

1973 • 53 citations

Inhalation Anesthesia: A Fundamental Guide

1937 • 53 citations

Anaesthesia for the surgeon‐anaesthetist in difficult situations

1970 • 52 citations

An Intravenous Dissociation Technique for Outpatient Plastic Surgery

1981 • 52 citations

Laryngeal Competence with Ketamine and Other Drugs

1973 • 51 citations

Ketamine and Epilepsy

1974 • 51 citations

Adverse reactions to ketamine Anaesthesia

1981 • 51 citations

Effects of Pharmacologic Alterations of Adrenergic Mechanisms by Cocaine, Tropolone, Aminophylline, and Ketamine on Epinephrine-induced Arrhythmias during Halothane-Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia

1977 • 50 citations

Medical statistics of battlefield casualties

1987 • 49 citations

Recurrent hallucinations following ketamine

1976 • 49 citations

Cardiovascular and Respiratory Function with CI-581

1968 • 49 citations

Ketamine anaesthesia for cardiac catheterisation

1972 • 47 citations

Arterial Hypoxemia Caused by Intravenous Ketamine

1976 • 47 citations

Ketamine for cardiac catheterisation

1971 • 47 citations

Ketamine in neurosurgical procedures

1971 • 46 citations

Pain management in emergency medicine

1988 • 46 citations

Ketamine anaesthesia for radiotherapy in small children

1972 • 45 citations

Clinical Experience With Subanesthetic Ketamine

1974 • 44 citations

Ketamine Anesthesia for Tangential Excision of Burn Eschar

1978 • 44 citations

Low dose intravenous infusion technique with ketamine

1980 • 43 citations

Glycopyrrolate during ketamine/diazepam anaesthesia A double‐blind comparison with atropine

1986 • 41 citations

Interaction Between Sedative Premedicants and Ketamine in Man and in Isolated Perfused Rat Livers

1975 • 41 citations

The effect of ketamine on pulmonary artery pressure. An experimental and clinical study.

1974 • 39 citations

Ketamine-induced Apnea in Patients with Increased intracranial Pressure

1972 • 38 citations

Dissociative Anesthesia

1971 • 38 citations

A New Parenteral Anesthetic-CI-581: Its Effect on Intraocular Pressure

1967 • 38 citations

Oxygen Consumption in Infants and Children during Cardiac Catheterization under Different Sedation Regimens

1974 • 36 citations

Dissociative Anesthesia for the Severely Burned Child

1971 • 35 citations

Managing pain in the pediatric emergency department

1989 • 35 citations

The effect of ketamine on pulmonary artery pressure

1974 • 34 citations

OUTPATIENT PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIOLOGY

1972 • 33 citations

DISSOCIATIVE ANESTHESIA WITH CI-581 IN BURNED CHILDREN

1967 • 33 citations

Aspiration Pneumonitis Following Ketamine Induction For General Anesthesia

1972 • 32 citations

Ketamine as an Induction Agent for Acute Intermittent Porphyria

1977 • 31 citations

The effects of ketamine on the canine coronary circulation

1979 • 30 citations

Ketamine-induced Convulsions

1972 • 30 citations

ARE THERE LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF KETAMINE ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM?

1980 • 30 citations

The Pharmacology of Ketamine

1969 • 29 citations

A new intramuscular anæsthetic for small children

1967 • 29 citations

Modification of Laryngospasm in Response to Changes in PaCo2 and Pao2 in the Cat

1981 • 29 citations

Ketamine dissociative anesthesia — Emergency department use in children

1979 • 28 citations

Intramuscular ketamine in a developing country

1972 • 28 citations

A new parenteral anesthesia for oral surgery.

1969 • 27 citations

Psychological Changes in Children after Anaesthesia: A Comparison between Halothane and Ketamine

1977 • 26 citations

Cl-581: a new non-barbiturate short-acting anesthetic for surgery in burns.

1967 • 26 citations

Complications of Ketamine

1971 • 25 citations

Trial of ketamine in an accident and emergency department

1974 • 25 citations

Ketamine anaesthesia for medical procedures in children.

1976 • 25 citations

Ketamine Anaesthesia in Paediatric Procedures

1972 • 25 citations

EFFECT OF NALOXONE ON THE LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS INDUCED BY I.V. ANAESTHETIC AGENTS IN MAN

1984 • 24 citations

Minimizing Emergence Phenomena

1975 • 24 citations

CI-581: An Intravenous or Intramuscular Anesthetic*

1966 • 24 citations

Ketamine Hydrochloride for Pediatric Premedication

1974 • 23 citations

Ketamine in paediatric ophthalmic practice

1973 • 23 citations

Alarming Reactions to Ketamine in Patients Taking Thyroid Medication—Treatment with Propranolol

1971 • 23 citations

Low-Dose Ketamine and Diazepam: Use as an Adjunct to Local Anesthesia in an Office Operating Room

1982 • 22 citations

Intramuscular ketalar (CI-581) in paediatric anaesthesia

1971 • 22 citations

A New Intravenous or Intramuscular Anesthetic

1967 • 22 citations

Outpatient Pediatric Anesthesiology

1971 • 21 citations

Generalized Extensor Spasm in Infants Following Ketamine Anesthesia

1973 • 21 citations

A Ketomine Trip

1973 • 21 citations

Ketamine: A New Anaesthetic Agent

1970 • 21 citations

KETAMINE: A NEW ANESTHETIC FOR USE IN PEDIATRIC NEUROROENTGENOLOGIC PROCEDURES

1969 • 20 citations

Intravenous anesthesia and analgesia

1988 • 20 citations

Sedation for Pediatric Procedures

1986 • 19 citations

Ketamine: its place for neurosurgical diagnostic procedures.

1969 • 19 citations

Tolerance to rectal ketamine in paediatric anaesthesia

1981 • 19 citations

Reduction of the ventricular arrhythmogenic dose of epinephrine by ketamine administration in halothane-anesthetized cats.

1988 • 18 citations

THE EFFECT OF KETAMINE ON TRANSMEMBRANE POTENTIALS OF PURKINJÉ FIBRES OF THE PIG HEART

1974 • 17 citations

Personality Predisposition and Emergence Phenomena with Ketamine

1976 • 16 citations

The Effects of Ketamine and of Innovar?? Anesthesia on Digitalis Tolerance in Dogs

1975 • 16 citations

Ketamine hydrochloride in outpatient oral surgery in children.

1971 • 15 citations

Ketamine

1971 • 15 citations

[1t experience with the phencyclidine derivative ketamine (CI-581), a new intravenous and intramuscular anesthetic].

1967 • 15 citations

[Intravenous analgesia with ketamine for emergency patients].

1987 • 15 citations

FURTHER WORK ON THE DEPRESSION OF LARYNGEAL REFLEXES DURING KETAMINE ANAESTHESIA USING A STANDARD CHALLENGE TECHNIQUE

1972 • 14 citations

Clinical trial of ketamine (ci-581): A preliminary report

1970 • 14 citations

DUAL EFFECT OF KETAMINE ON THE PERIPHERAL VASCULATURE

1979 • 14 citations

Ketamine-dissociative anesthesia in pediatric oral surgery.

1971 • 14 citations

Ketamine

1969 • 13 citations

The use of CI-581, a new parenteral anesthetic, in ophthalmic practice.

1968 • 13 citations

Guidelines for the Elective Use of Conscious Sedation, Deep Sedation, and General Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients

1986 • 13 citations

Ketamine in paediatric ophthalmological surgery

1973 • 12 citations

[Intramuscular ketamine analgesia in emergency patients. II. Clinical study of traumatized patients].

1984 • 12 citations

Recent advances in intravenous anesthesia.

1966 • 12 citations

Ketamine HCI as a Continuous-Drip Anesthetic for Outpatients

1973 • 12 citations

PHARMACOKINETICS OF KETAMINE (K) IN INFANTS AND SMALL CHILDREN

1982 • 12 citations

KETAMINE

1970 • 11 citations

Repeat ketamine anaesthesia of a child for radiotherapy in the prone position

1983 • 11 citations

The use and advantage of "Ketalar" (CI-581) as anaesthetic agent in pediatric cardiac catheterisation and angiocardiography.

1969 • 11 citations

Casualty Department--or G.P. Service?

1967 • 11 citations

Ketamine Anaesthesia by Continuous Intravenous Drip

1978 • 11 citations

KETAMINE HC1 AS A CONTINUOUS-DRIP ANESTHETIC FOR OUTPATIENTS

1974 • 11 citations

Ketamine symposium--comments by moderator.

1971 • 10 citations

LARYNGEAL REFLEXES IN CHILDREN UNDER KETAMINE ANAESTHESIA

1972 • 10 citations

Ketalar (CI-581) in paediatric dentistry: A field trial in three arctic communities

1970 • 10 citations

Ketamine hydrochloride: a clinical investigation in 60 children.

1969 • 9 citations

Ketamine Anesthesia for Cardiac Catheterization

1984 • 9 citations

[Midazolam and diazepam in ketamine anesthesia].

1987 • 9 citations

Low-Dose Intramuscular Ketamine for Pediatric Radiotherapy

1976 • 9 citations

[Clinical studies on single-drug anesthesia using ketamine in patients with burns].

1973 • 8 citations

Premedication for outpatient adenoidectomy: Comparison between ketamine and pethidine

1980 • 8 citations

Neuroleptanalgesia and Dissociative Drugs

1973 • 7 citations

Ketamine in paediatric ophthalmic practice

1972 • 7 citations

Ketamine anesthesia for pediatric gastrointestinal procedures.

1982 • 7 citations

A composite general anesthesia technique using ketamine for pediatric outpatients.

1978 • 7 citations

The use of CI-581 (Ketalar) for pediatric pneumoencephalography.

1969 • 7 citations

Ketamine Symposium - Comments by Moderator

1971 • 7 citations

Ketamine Anesthesia in Pediatric Ophthalmic Surgery

1980 • 7 citations

Pharmacokinetics of ketamine in infants and small children

1982 • 6 citations

Laryngospasm as an Early Indicator of Aspiration

1978 • 6 citations

Drive and timing components of respiration in young children following induction of anaesthesia with halo-thane or ketamine

1988 • 6 citations

KETAMINE IN NEURORADIOLOGY

1971 • 6 citations

CI-581: a clinical report on 100 patients.

1968 • 6 citations

KETAMINE FOR MINOR PROCEDURES IN CHILDREN

1972 • 6 citations

Ketamine for Bronchoscopy of Children

1974 • 6 citations

KETAMINE AND AGENESIS OF THE CORPUS CALLOSUM

1979 • 5 citations

The dental treatment of problem children under ketamine analgesia.

1975 • 5 citations

Safe Management of the Child with a Contracted Neck

1970 • 5 citations

KETAMINE ANESTHESIA IN PEDIATRIC PLASTIC SURGERY

1971 • 5 citations

Ketamine anesthesia in minor otologic procedures

1971 • 4 citations

Ketamine and the laryngeal reflex.

1972 • 4 citations

Ketamine for out‐patient dental conservation in children

1973 • 4 citations

Ketamine in modern dental practice.

1981 • 4 citations

Ketamine: a general anesthetic for unmanageable ambulatory patients.

1973 • 4 citations

The Use of Ketamine Anesthesia in Radiation Therapy

1973 • 4 citations

KETAMINE FOR MINOR PROCEDURES IN CHILDREN

1972 • 4 citations

Ketamine Anaesthesia

1971 • 3 citations

[Clinical experiences with ketamine in adeno-tonsillectmies].

1971 • 3 citations

Conscious sedation administered daily for 25 days in a 3 year old child.

1984 • 3 citations

Ketamine: a 5-year study.

1977 • 2 citations

Ketamine Anesthesia in Strabismus Surgery

1978 • 2 citations

Use of Ketamine in Pediatric Dentistry

1975 • 2 citations

Ketamine anesthesia for anorectal surgery in children.

1980 • 2 citations

[Experiences with ketamines in 400 Sluder's tonsillectomies].

1972 • 2 citations

Intramuscular ketamine — Repeated injections

1973 • 2 citations

Ketamine Hydrochloride: A General Anesthetic in Oral Surgery

1971 • 2 citations

Ketamine: its use in the pediatric patient for radiotherapy.

1977 • 1 citations

Selective Indications for Ketamine Anæsthesia

1971 • 1 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations