Geometric and viscous components of the tortuosity of the extracellular space in the brain

The mathematics of diffusion

1975 • 14,847 citations

Ion diffusion modified by tortuosity and volume fraction in the extracellular microenvironment of the rat cerebellum.

1981 • 781 citations

Local and diffuse synaptic actions of GABA in the hippocampus

1993 • 709 citations

Intercellular communication in the brain: Wiring versus volume transmission

1995 • 555 citations

Comparison of diffusion‐ and T2‐weighted MRI for the early detection of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats

1991 • 507 citations

Use-dependent increases in glutamate concentration activate presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors

1997 • 469 citations

Extrasynaptic Glutamate Diffusion in the Hippocampus: Ultrastructural Constraints, Uptake, and Receptor Activation

1998 • 437 citations

Extrasynaptic glutamate spillover in the hippocampus: evidence and implications

1998 • 324 citations

Discussion

1997 • 310 citations

Diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging

1992 • 302 citations

Regional Variation of Extracellular Space in the Hippocampus

1990 • 278 citations

Dynamic changes in water ADC, energy metabolism, extracellular space volume, and tortuosity in neonatal rat brain during global ischemia

1996 • 267 citations

Hindered diffusion of high molecular weight compounds in brain extracellular microenvironment measured with integrative optical imaging

1993 • 260 citations

Ion-selective microelectrodes and diffusion measurements as tools to explore the brain cell microenvironment

1993 • 200 citations

Extracellular potassium, volume fraction, and tortuosity in rat hippocampal CA1, CA3, and cortical slices during ischemia

1995 • 180 citations

The Extracellular Space in the CNS: Its Regulation, Volume and Geometry in Normal and Pathological Neuronal Function

1997 • 160 citations

Diffusion from an iontophoretic point source in the brain: role of tortuosity and volume fraction

1979 • 159 citations

Ischemia-Induced Changes in the Extracellular Space Diffusion Parameters, K⁺, and pH in the Developing Rat Cortex and Corpus Callosum

1997 • 138 citations

Diffusion of albumins in rat cortical slices and relevance to volume transmission

1996 • 121 citations

Wiring and volume transmission in the central nervous system: the concept of closed and open synapses

1996 • 116 citations

Anisotropic and heterogeneous diffusion in the turtle cerebellum: implications for volume transmission

1993 • 103 citations

Diffusion heterogeneity and anisotropy in rat hippocampus

1998 • 94 citations

Water compartmentalization and extracellular tortuosity after osmotic changes in cerebellum of Trachemys scripta.

1996 • 87 citations

Synapses in hippocampus occupy only 1–2% of cell membranes and are spaced less than half-micron apart: a quantitative ultrastructural analysis with discussion of physiological implications

1998 • 82 citations

Synergism at central synapses due to lateral diffusion of transmitter.

1988 • 67 citations

Water in barnacle muscle. IV. Factors contributing to reduced self-diffusion

1982 • 61 citations

On the validity of Fick's law for transient diffusion through a porous medium

1979 • 50 citations

The resource consumption principle: attention and memory in volumes of neural tissue.

1996 • 35 citations

Diffusion of Small Solutes in Polymer-Containing Solutions

1988 • 26 citations

Estimation of the Size Distribution of Closed Cell Elements from Analysis of Their Random Plane Sections

1993 • 21 citations

Solvent Stokes-Einstein violation in aqueous protein solutions

1994 • 18 citations

The viscosity of suspensions — an effective medium approach that incorporates Brownian motion

1995 • 4 citations

Nonsynaptic Diffusion Neurotransmission and Brain Plasticity

1996 • 3 citations