Carnitine Metabolism and Its Application in Parenteral Nutrition

Relationship Between Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism and the Energy Balance of Heart Muscle

1974 • 1,252 citations

Effects of insulin, glucose, and amino acids on protein turnover in rat diaphragm.

1975 • 916 citations

Leucine. A possible regulator of protein turnover in muscle.

1975 • 746 citations

ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF THE COENZYME A DERIVATIVES OF LONG CHAIN FATTY ACIDS

1953 • 631 citations

An improved and simplified radioisotopic assay for the determination of free and esterified carnitine

1976 • 536 citations

RELATION BETWEEN SERUM-FREE-FATTY-ACIDS AND ARRHYTHMIAS AND DEATH AFTER ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

1968 • 534 citations

Long-chain carnitine acyltransferase and the role of acylcarnitine derivatives in the catalytic increase of fatty acid oxidation induced by carnitine

1963 • 525 citations

Carnitine Deficiency of Human Skeletal Muscle with Associated Lipid Storage Myopathy: A New Syndrome

1973 • 506 citations

Muscle Carnitine Palmityltransferase Deficiency and Myoglobinuria

1973 • 476 citations

A method for the determination of carnitine in the picomole range

1972 • 464 citations

Carnitine and Its Role in Fatty Acid Metabolism* *Work reviewed from this laboratory was supported by grants A-1465 and A-1682 from the National Institutes of Health.

1963 • 446 citations

Metabolism of the heart in health and disease. Part I

1968 • 413 citations

The syndrome of systemic carnitine deficiency

1975 • 397 citations

Reversible Inhibition of Mitochondrial Adenosine Diphosphate Phosphorylation by Long Chain Acyl Coenzyme A Esters

1971 • 357 citations

Enzymological determination of free carnitine concentrations in rat tissues

1964 • 317 citations

Metabolism of free fatty acids, glucose and catecholamines in acute myocardial infarction

1975 • 308 citations

Carnitine and derivatives in rat tissues

1967 • 292 citations

Hepatic Dysfunction During Hyperalimentation

1978 • 287 citations

Acyl-CoA inhibition of adenine nucleotide translocation in ischemic myocardium

1975 • 267 citations

Role of carnitine in hepatic ketogenesis.

1975 • 266 citations

LOW PREVALENCE OF HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE IN FINLAND

1900 • 254 citations

Changes in tissue levels of carnitine and other metabolites during myocardial ischemia and anoxia

1978 • 249 citations

Action of carnitine on long chain fatty acid oxidation by liver

1959 • 248 citations

A mitochondrial carnitine acylcarnitine translocase system.

1975 • 224 citations

Hormonal control of ketogenesis. Rapid activation of hepatic ketogenic capacity in fed rats by anti-insulin serum and glucagon.

1975 • 224 citations

CARNITINE DEFICIENCY INDUCED DURING INTERMITTENT HÆMODIALYSIS FOR RENAL FAILURE

1978 • 222 citations

Regulation of Fatty Acid Utilization in Isolated Perfused Rat Hearts

1973 • 222 citations

Carnitine Palmityltransferase

1972 • 220 citations

Properties of Partially Purified Carnitine Acetyltransferase

1963 • 220 citations

Carnitine biosynthesis. beta-Hydroxylation of trimethyllysine by an alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent mitochondrial dioxygenase.

1978 • 189 citations

Carnitine levels in human serum in health and disease

1974 • 189 citations

Effect of Carbohydrate and Fat Intake on Nitrogen Excretion During Total Intravenous Feeding

1977 • 185 citations

Deficiency of Carnitine in Cachectic Cirrhotic Patients

1977 • 182 citations

Abnormal liver function during parenteral nutrition: Relation to infusion excess

1979 • 176 citations

Active transport of butyrobetaine and carnitine into isolated liver cells

1976 • 166 citations

Protein-Sparing Therapy in Postoperative Patients

1976 • 165 citations

Carnitine in Intermediary Metabolism

1962 • 165 citations

Serum hepatic enzyme and bilirubin elevations during parenteral nutrition.

1977 • 157 citations

Maternal-fetal carnitine relationship and neonatal ketosis in the rat.

1976 • 151 citations

Regulation of long chain fatty acid activation in heart muscle.

1975 • 150 citations

Role of carnitine in fatty acid metabolism of normal and ischemic myocardium

1979 • 148 citations

Carnitine metabolism in human subjects I. Normal metabolism,

1978 • 141 citations

Protection of the ischemic dog myocardium with carnitine

1978 • 137 citations

Role of Lysine and ε-N-Trimethyllysine in Carnitine Biosynthesis

1973 • 135 citations

Zur Kenntnis der Extraktivstoffe der Muskeln. II. Mitteilung. Über das Carnitin.

1905 • 131 citations

Turnover of carnitine by rat tissues

1975 • 123 citations

Carnitine movement across muscle cell membranes. Studies in isolated rat muscle

1977 • 120 citations

Protein Methylation: Chemical, Enzymological, and Biological Significance

1975 • 120 citations

A Skeletal-Muscle Disorder Associated with Intermittent Symptoms and a Possible Defect of Lipid Metabolism

1970 • 115 citations

Hydroxylation of γ-Butyrobetaine to Carnitine in Rat Liver^*

1967 • 114 citations

Carnitine deficiency of skeletal muscle

1976 • 107 citations

Effects of Carnitine on Fatty-Acid Oxidation by Muscle

1959 • 107 citations

Hepatic synthesis of carnitine from protein-bound trimethyl-lysine. Lysosomal digestion of methyl-lysine-labelled asialo-fetuin

1976 • 107 citations

Fatal systemic carnitine deficiency with lipid storage in skeletal muscle, heart, liver and kidney

1976 • 107 citations

Specificity of carnitine action on fatty acid oxidation by heart muscle

1962 • 106 citations

The relative amounts of long-chain acylcarnitine, acetylcarnitine, and free carnitine in organs of rats in different nutritional states and with alloxan diabetes

1966 • 104 citations

Plasma carnitine levels during intravenous feeding of the neonate

1979 • 103 citations

Hereditary carnitine deficiency of muscle

1975 • 102 citations

LIPID-LOWERING EFFECT OF CARNITINE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE-IV HYPERLIPOPROTEINqMIA

1978 • 97 citations

The localization of some coenzyme A-dependant enzymes in rat liver mitochondria

1970 • 94 citations

Preferential loss of ATP-dependent long-chain fatty acid activating enzyme in mitochondria prepared using nagarse

1970 • 94 citations

PROTIDES OF THE BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS

1963 • 93 citations

Concentration of carnitine in human muscle tissue

1974 • 91 citations

Fatal cases of lipid storage myopathy with carnitine deficiency.

1977 • 91 citations

Muscle Carnitine Deficiency

1974 • 91 citations

MYOPATHY ASSOCIATED WITH ABNORMAL LIPID METABOLISM IN SKELETAL MUSCLE

1969 • 90 citations

The role of the branched-chain amino acids in decreasing muscle catabolism in vivo.

1978 • 90 citations

Improved pacing tolerance of the ischemic human myocardium after administration of carnitine

1979 • 89 citations

The substrate specificity of carnitine acetyltransferase

1967 • 87 citations

On Rate-controlling Factors of Long Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation

1971 • 86 citations

Comparison of Properties of Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase I with Those of Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase II, and Preparation of Antibodies to Carnitine Palmitoyltransferases

1973 • 86 citations

Muscle carnitine deficiency and fatal cardiomyopathy

1978 • 84 citations

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency with normal carnitine palmitoyltransferase I in skeletal muscle and leucocytes

1979 • 83 citations

Effects of carnitine on acetyl-CoA oxidation by heart muscle mitochondria

1964 • 83 citations

Properties of a Purified Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase, and Evidence for the Existence of Other Carnitine Acyltransferases

1971 • 80 citations

Glycerol

1975 • 80 citations

Carnitine synthesis in rat tissue slices

1974 • 78 citations

Fatty liver produced by hyperalimentation of rats.

1974 • 77 citations

Studies on the biosynthesis and turnover of carnitine

1961 • 77 citations

An Hypothesis Concerning the Role of Carnitine in the Control of Interrelations between Fatty Acid and Carbohydrate Metabolism

1967 • 74 citations

Replenishment and Depletion of Citric Acid Cycle Intermediates in Skeletal Muscle.. Indication of Pyruvate Carboxylation

1976 • 72 citations

Effect of carnitine on the oxidation of α-oxoglutarate to succinate in the presence of acetoacetate or pyruvate

1964 • 72 citations

Plasma carnitine and body composition

1976 • 72 citations

Lipid Storage Myopathy Responsive to Prednisone

1972 • 71 citations

Site of Carnitine Biosynthesis in the Rat

1974 • 71 citations

Variation in tissue carnitine concentrations with age and sex in the rat

1978 • 70 citations

Carnitine deficiency: clinical, morphological, and biochemical observations in a fatal case.

1977 • 69 citations

Formation of branched chain acylcarnitines in mitochondria

1970 • 67 citations

Über die Oxyaminoverbindungen, welche die Biuretreaktion zeigen. III. Spaltung derγ-Amino-β-oxy-buttersäure in die optisch-aktiven Komponenten.

1927 • 67 citations

Tissue levels of activated fatty acids (acylcarnitines) and the regulation of fatty acid metabolism

1967 • 67 citations

Partial Deficiency of Muscle Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase with Normal Ketone Production

1978 • 66 citations

Specificity and characteristics of the carnitine transport in human heart cells (CCL 27) in culture

1977 • 64 citations

Tissue Carnitine Deficiency due to Dietary Lysine Deficiency: Triglyceride Accumulation and Concomitant Impairment in Fatty Acid Oxidation

1979 • 64 citations

Carnitine levels in severe infection and starvation: a possible key to the prolonged catabolic state.

1970 • 63 citations

Effect of carnitine on branched-chain amino acid oxidation by liver and skeletal muscle.

1978 • 63 citations

Plasma carnitine levels in children with protein-calorie malnutrition before and after rehabilitation

1977 • 62 citations

Lysine Deficiency in the Rat: Concomitant Impairment in Carnitine Biosynthesis

1973 • 60 citations

Carnitine depletion in the choline-deficient state

1967 • 58 citations

On the biosynthesis and degradation of carnitine

1961 • 57 citations

Serum Carnitine

1973 • 54 citations

Urinary excretion of carnitine in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism: Augmentation by thyroid hormone

1977 • 53 citations

Dietary Lysine and Carnitine: Relation to Growth and Fatty Livers in Rats

1976 • 52 citations

Postmortem Findings in Three Patients Treated With Intravenous Fat Emulsions

1979 • 52 citations

Excretion of l-carnitine in man

1971 • 51 citations

Integration of lipid utilization with Krebs cycle activity in muscle.

1977 • 48 citations

Urinary excretion of carnitine in man.

1976 • 48 citations

Suppression of the mitochondrial oxidation of (-)-palmitylcarnitine by the malate-aspartate and alpha-glycerophosphate shuttles.

1976 • 47 citations

Carnitine Decarboxylase

1967 • 46 citations

Recurrent Myoglobinuria Due to Muscle Carnitine Palmityl Transferase Deficiency

1978 • 45 citations

Effect of Amino Acid Supplements on Growth and Fat Deposition in the Livers of Rats Fed Polished Rice

1955 • 45 citations

Improved radiochemical assay for carnitine and its derivatives in plasma and tissue extracts.

1978 • 43 citations

Active transport of carnitine into skeletal muscle

1978 • 42 citations

The relationship between serum carnitine levels and the nutritional status of patients with schistosomiasis

1976 • 41 citations

Lysine Deficiency and Carnitine in Male and Female Rats

1977 • 38 citations

Muscle carnitine palmityltransferase deficiency: A case with enzyme deficiency in cultured fibroblasts

1978 • 38 citations

Carnitine biosynthesis: The formation of glycine from carbons 1 and 2 of 6-N-trimethyl-L-lysine

1976 • 38 citations

Growth-promoting and Lipotropic Effect of Carnitine in Rats Fed Diets Limited in Protein and Methionine

1965 • 38 citations

Metabolism, turnover time, half life, body pool of carnitine-14C in normal, alloxan diabetic and insulin treated rats

1969 • 37 citations

The Relationship of Choline and Carnitine in the Choline Deficient Rat

1978 • 35 citations

Carnitine Concentration in Relation to Enzyme Activities and Substrate Utilization in Human Skeletal Muscles

1976 • 35 citations

Weakness associated with the pathological presence of lipid in skeletal muscle: a detailed study of a patient with carnitine deficiencey.

1976 • 34 citations

Carnitine metabolism in human subjects II. Values of carnitine in biological fluids and tissues of “normal” subjects

1978 • 32 citations

Carnitine metabolism in human subjects III. Metabolism in disease

1978 • 32 citations

Urinary excretion of carnitine and serum concentrations of carnitine and lipids in patients with hypofunctional endocrine diseases: Involvement of adrenocorticoid and thyroid hormones in ACTH-induced augmentation of carnitine and lipids metabolism

1977 • 31 citations

γ-Butyrobetain, Crotonbetain und Carnitin im tierischen Stoffwechsel.

1929 • 31 citations

On the hydroxylation of γ-butyrobetaine to carnitine invitro

1962 • 31 citations

Significance of Dietary Carnitine for Growth and Carnitine Turnover in Rats

1974 • 28 citations

Carnitine-14C metabolism in choline-deficient, alloxan-diabetic choline-deficient and insulin-treated rats

1971 • 26 citations

Carnitine‐Induced Effects on Cardiac and Peripheral Hemodynamics

1977 • 24 citations

The Effect of Long-Term Fasting on the Branched Chain Acylcarnitines and Branched Chain Carnitine Acyltransferases

1979 • 24 citations

Renal handling of insulin and growth hormone in hemorrhagic shock.

1969 • 22 citations

Determination of Carnitine Turnover in Choline-deficient and Cold-exposed Rats

1975 • 22 citations

Distribution and Excretion of Carnitine in the Rat.

1961 • 22 citations

Effect of carnitine on acidosis and ketosis induced by lipid perfusions in dogs during starvation

1965 • 21 citations

Carnitine Concentration in Skeletal Muscle Tissue from Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

1977 • 20 citations

Urinary excretion of carnitine in progressive muscular dystrophy

1974 • 20 citations

The permeability of mitochondria to carnitine and acetylcarnitine

1971 • 20 citations

Arterial and plasma carnitine levels in rabbits: Influence of age and dietary cholesterol

1976 • 19 citations

Total parenteral nutrition with lipid

1978 • 19 citations

Effects of carnitine administration, fasting, and exercise on urinary carnitine excretion in man.

1976 • 18 citations

METABOLISM OF CARNITINE IN COLD-ACCLIMATED RATS

1965 • 17 citations

Corticosteroid-responsive skeletal muscle disease associated with partial carnitine deficiency

1977 • 17 citations

Effect of carnitine on blood acetoacetate in fasting children

1969 • 15 citations

Proteoglycan synthesis by rat lung cells cultured in vitro.

1981 • 14 citations

Carnitine and acetyl-carnitine, natural substances endowed with interesting pharmacological properties.

1978 • 13 citations

Carnitine and the Twins

1970 • 13 citations

Acetylcarnitin in Blut und Harn der Maus nach Injektion von L-Carnitin und einigen O-Acyl-L-carnitinen

1977 • 12 citations

Carnitine Enhances the Effect of Norepinephrine on Oxygen Consumption in Rats and Mice

1971 • 12 citations

Effects of carnitine administration fasting, and exercise on urinary carnitine excretion in man.

1976 • 12 citations

Urinary Excretion of Carnitine in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

1976 • 11 citations

Action clinique et humorale de la carnitine dans les syndromes de dénutrition post-infectieux de l'enfance

1960 • 8 citations

Effects of L-carnitine on utilization of ketone bodies and glucose in eviscerated, nephrectomized rats

1968 • 7 citations

The role of carnitine in the animal exposed to cold

1968 • 7 citations

Lysine Metabolism in Protein-Calorie Malnutrition with Attention to the Synthesis of Carnitine

1975 • 7 citations

The effect of thermal injury on plasma carnitine in rats

1977 • 3 citations