The construction of metal centers in proteins by rational design

Structural and Functional Aspects of Metal Sites in Biology

1996 • 2,445 citations

New calcium indicators and buffers with high selectivity against magnesium and protons: design, synthesis, and properties of prototype structures

1980 • 2,218 citations

The Galvanization of Biology: A Growing Appreciation for the Roles of Zinc

1996 • 1,857 citations

Principles of bioinorganic chemistry

1995 • 1,638 citations

Principles of bioinorganic chemistry

1995 • 976 citations

Design and synthesis of multi-haem proteins

1994 • 550 citations

Electrostatic recognition between superoxide and copper, zinc superoxide dismutase

1983 • 540 citations

Characterization of a Helical Protein Designed from First Principles

1988 • 533 citations

Protein Design: A Hierarchic Approach

1995 • 532 citations

Bioinorganic Chemistry

1995 • 519 citations

Protein Design, a Minimalist Approach

1989 • 465 citations

Structural Biology of Zinc

1991 • 375 citations

Protein Control of Redox Potentials of Iron−Sulfur Proteins

1996 • 356 citations

Designed protein pores as components for biosensors

1997 • 285 citations

Secondary structure nucleation in peptides. Transition metal ion stabilized .alpha.-helices

1990 • 265 citations

Design of a heme-binding four-helix bundle

1994 • 252 citations

Metal Ion-Dependent Modulation of the Dynamics of a Designed Protein

1993 • 252 citations

Iron—Sulfur Clusters in Enzymes: Themes and Variations

1992 • 247 citations

Calcium-Binding Sites in Proteins: A Structural Perspective

1991 • 247 citations

Desperately seeking sensors

1995 • 237 citations

Construction of new ligand binding sites in proteins of known structure

1991 • 233 citations

Engineered Metal-Binding Proteins: Purification to Protein Folding

1991 • 232 citations

Fluorescent Chemosensors for Divalent Zinc Based on Zinc Finger Domains. Enhanced Oxidative Stability, Metal Binding Affinity, and Structural and Functional Characterization

1997 • 216 citations

A convergent approach to protein design. Metal ion-assisted spontaneous self-assembly of a polypeptide into a triple-helix bundle protein

1992 • 211 citations

A tetrahedral zinc(II)-binding site introduced into a designed protein

1990 • 188 citations

Design and Evaluation of a Peptidyl Fluorescent Chemosensor for Divalent Zinc

1996 • 188 citations

A designed metal-binding protein with a novel fold

1993 • 184 citations

Ferredoxin and ferredoxin–heme maquettes

1996 • 184 citations

Book review

1995 • 168 citations

A Fluorescent Zinc Probe Based on Metal-Induced Peptide Folding

1996 • 158 citations

De novo design of a Zn2+-binding protein

1990 • 156 citations

The Design of Metal-Binding Sites in Proteins

1993 • 155 citations

Scorpion toxins as natural scaffolds for protein engineering.

1995 • 152 citations

Protein design: novel metal-binding sites

1995 • 149 citations

Metal-binding sites in proteins

1991 • 144 citations

Construction of new ligand binding sites in proteins of known structure

1991 • 127 citations

Engineering metal-binding sites in proteins

1997 • 117 citations

Toward the Synthesis of a Photosynthetic Reaction Center Maquette: A Cofacial Porphyrin Pair Assembled between Two Subunits of a Synthetic Four-Helix Bundle Multiheme Protein

1996 • 117 citations

Protein engineering : principles and practice

1996 • 116 citations

Antibody remodeling: a general solution to the design of a metal-coordination site in an antibody binding pocket.

1990 • 114 citations

Construction of a catalytically active iron superoxide dismutase by rational protein design

1997 • 113 citations

Metalloantibodies

1990 • 100 citations

Novel metal-binding proteins by design

1995 • 100 citations

Design and creation of a Ca2+ binding site in human lysozyme to enhance structural stability.

1989 • 98 citations

The rational design and construction of a cuboidal iron–sulfur protein

1997 • 97 citations

Regulation of serine protease activity by an engineered metal switch

1990 • 91 citations

High spin cobalt(II) as a probe for the investigation of metalloproteins.

1984 • 88 citations

Cu(II)‐Binding properties of a cytochrome c with a synthetic metal‐binding site: His‐X₃‐His in an α‐helix

1991 • 83 citations

Design of a Unique Protein Scaffold for Maquettes

1997 • 79 citations

Grafting of a calcium-binding loop of thermolysin to Bacillus subtilis neutral protease

1991 • 78 citations

Characterization of His-X₃-His sites in α-helices of synthetic metal-binding bovine somatotropin

1991 • 69 citations

Incorporation of a stabilizing calcium-binding loop into subtilisin BPN'

1992 • 67 citations

Characterization of Metal Binding by a Designed Protein: Single Ligand Substitutions at a Tetrahedral Cys2His2 Site

1995 • 63 citations

Design and characterization of a ligand-binding metallopeptide

1991 • 62 citations

Global Topology & Stability and Local Structure & Dynamics in a Synthetic Spin-Labeled Four-Helix Bundle Protein

1997 • 58 citations

Fiber optic biosensor for Co(II) and Cu(II) based on fluorescence energy transfer with an enzyme transducer

1996 • 54 citations

Entropic stabilization of a mutant human lysozyme induced by calcium binding.

1992 • 52 citations

Metal search: A computer program that helps design tetrahedral metal‐binding sites

1995 • 52 citations

High Level Expression and Rational Mutagenesis of a Designed Protein, the Minibody

1994 • 51 citations

Introduction of a [4Fe‐4S (S‐cys)4]^+1,+2 iron‐sulfur center into a four‐α helix protein using design parameters from the domain of the F_x cluster in the Photosystem I reaction center

1997 • 47 citations

Grafting of a High-Affinity Zn(II)-Binding Site on the .beta.-Barrel of Retinol-Binding Protein Results in Enhanced Folding Stability and Enables Simplified Purification

1994 • 47 citations

Structure of an engineered, metal-actuated switch in trypsin

1993 • 46 citations

Engineering metal coordination sites into the antibody light chain

1993 • 45 citations

Metalloprotein design

1996 • 42 citations

X-ray Structures of a Designed Binding Site in Trypsin Show Metal-Dependent Geometry^,

1996 • 41 citations

Structural and Electronic Properties of the Heme Cofactors in a Multi-Heme Synthetic Cytochrome

1996 • 41 citations

Creation of a novel biosensor for zinc(II)

1994 • 39 citations

Engineered Metal Regulation of Trypsin Specificity

1995 • 38 citations

Ruthenium-mediated protein cross-linking and stabilization

1993 • 35 citations

Identification of the molecular trigger for allosteric activation in glycogen phosphorylase

1994 • 33 citations

Crystal structures of the apo- and holomutant human lysozymes with an introduced Ca2+ binding site.

1991 • 33 citations

Delocalizing Trypsin Specificity with Metal Activation

1996 • 31 citations

Regulation of Proteolytic Activity by Engineered Tridentate Metal Binding Loops

1996 • 24 citations

Metalloantibody design

1995 • 20 citations

Stability effects associated with the introduction of a partial and a complete Ca²⁺-binding site into human lysozyme

1993 • 17 citations