Pain measurement: an overview

The McGill Pain Questionnaire: Major properties and scoring methods

1975 • 6,706 citations

The validation of visual analogue scales as ratio scale measures for chronic and experimental pain

1983 • 3,619 citations

A METHOD FOR DETERMINING LOSS OF PAIN SENSATION

1941 • 3,174 citations

Graphic representation of pain

1976 • 2,635 citations

The formalin test: A quantitative study of the analgesic effects of morphine, meperidine, and brain stem stimulation in rats and cats

1977 • 2,494 citations

Studies with pain rating scales.

1978 • 1,812 citations

Assessment of chronic pain. I. Aspects of the reliability and validity of the visual analogue scale

1983 • 1,771 citations

Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology

2003 • 1,683 citations

THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

1903 • 1,674 citations

Behavioral methods for chronic pain and illness

1977 • 1,617 citations

Development of the Wisconsin Brief Pain Questionnaire to assess pain in cancer and other diseases

1983 • 1,540 citations

THE EVALUATION OF THE ANALGESIC ACTION OF PETHIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE (DEMEROL)

1944 • 1,032 citations

On the Language of Pain

1971 • 932 citations

Behavioral Methods for Chronic Pain and Illness

1976 • 855 citations

Methodological problems in the measurement of pain: A comparison between the verbal rating scale and the visual analogue scale

1975 • 788 citations

Pain reduction by focal electrical stimulation of the brain: An anatomical and behavioral analysis

1974 • 707 citations

Narcotic analgetics: CNS sites and mechanisms of action as revealed by intracerebral injection techniques

1977 • 656 citations

Ongoing activity in peripheral nerves: the physiology and pharmacology of impulses originating from a neuroma

1975 • 610 citations

Ratio scales of sensory and affective verbal pain descriptors

1978 • 558 citations

Pain Measurement and Assessment

1984 • 543 citations

Comparison of fixed interval and visual analogue scales for rating chronic pain

1975 • 531 citations

The measurement of pain; prototype for the quantitative study of subjective responses.

1957 • 496 citations

A Method for Evaluating both Non-Narcotic and Narcotic Analgesics

1957 • 493 citations

Measurement of Subjective Responses: Quantitative Effects of Drugs

1960 • 491 citations

Studies with different types of visual analog scales for measurement of pain

1983 • 473 citations

Development of an observation method for assessing pain behavior in chronic low back pain patients

1982 • 451 citations

Behavioral and physiological studies of non-narcotic analgesia in the rat elicited by certain environmental stimuli

1978 • 416 citations

The incidence of postoperative pain in children

1983 • 407 citations

Pain in the trigeminal region

1978 • 359 citations

Validity and sensitivity of ratio scales of sensory and affective verbal pain descriptors: Manipulation of affect by diazepam

1978 • 339 citations

An experimental basis for revising the graphic rating scale for pain

1984 • 327 citations

Autonomic feedback: The perception of autonomic activity.

1958 • 314 citations

Relationships between nurses' observations and patients' self-reports of pain

1983 • 271 citations

Abnormal nerves and muscles as impulse generators

1982 • 265 citations

THE PAIN CHART

1948 • 243 citations

Use of the McGill Pain Questionaire in the assessment of cancer pain: Replicability and consistency

1980 • 242 citations

The young infant's ability to produce discrete emotion expressions.

1980 • 239 citations

Supraspinal influences on nociceptive flexion reflex and pain sensation in man

1979 • 231 citations

Narcotic Analgesia: Fentanyl Reduces the Intensity But Not the Unpleasantness of Painful Tooth Pulp Sensations

1979 • 228 citations

Biofeedback, theory and research

1978 • 217 citations

An experimental pain method sensitive to morphine in man: the submaximum effort tourniquet technique.

1966 • 204 citations

Assessing pain behavior: the UAB Pain Behavior Scale

1982 • 199 citations

Pain Sensitivity and the Report of Pain

1974 • 141 citations

Substance P reduces tail-flick latency: Implications for chronic pain syndromes

1982 • 137 citations

Assessment of Pain in Man and Animals

1961 • 134 citations

Lumbar intrathecal naloxone blocks analgesia produced by microstimulation of the ventromedial medulla in the rat

1982 • 130 citations

A validation model for verbal descriptor scaling of human clinical pain

1980 • 126 citations

Pain reactivity of monkeys after lesions to the dorsal and lateral columns of the spinal cord

1971 • 124 citations

The assessment of pain by cerebral evoked potentials

1983 • 121 citations

Self-reported vs. actual use of medications in chronic pain patients

1982 • 119 citations

Affective and sensory dimensions of back pain

1977 • 119 citations

A COMPARISON OF THREE WAYS OF MEASURING PAIN

1982 • 116 citations

Trigeminal evoked potentials in humans

1980 • 115 citations

Behavioral assessment and treatment of chronic pain: Current status and future directions.

1982 • 115 citations

Pain and protopathic sensibility. A review with particular reference to the teeth

1976 • 113 citations

Principal component analysis of pain-related cerebral potentials to mechanical and electrical stimulation in man

1982 • 112 citations

Sensory decision theory methods in pain research: A reply to Rollman

1977 • 111 citations

Behavioral assessment and treatment of chronic pain: Current status and future directions.

1982 • 110 citations

Masseter inhibitory periods and sensations evoked by electrical tooth pulp stimulation

1981 • 106 citations

Cross-validation of the factor structure of the McGill Pain Questionnaire

1982 • 105 citations

Effects of Diazepam on Human Pain Tolerance and Pain Sensitivity

1973 • 105 citations

Non-pain and pain sensations evoked by tooth pulp stimulation

1983 • 104 citations

Somatosensory Responses of Bulboreticular Units in Awake Cat: Relation to Escape-Producing Stimuli

1971 • 100 citations

Afferent fibers mediate the increase of met-enkephalin elicited in rat spinal cord by localized pain

1984 • 99 citations

The validity of experimental pain measures

1983 • 99 citations

Sensory and distress components of pain: implications for the study of clinical pain.

1974 • 97 citations

Applicability of the McGill pain questionnaire to the differentiation of ‘toothache’ pain

1984 • 94 citations

Words of chronic pain

1976 • 92 citations

Differences in pain perception between Myofascial Pain Dysfunction patients and normal subjects: A signal detection analysis

1980 • 89 citations

Facial expression in pain: A study of candid photographs

1982 • 85 citations

Behavioral approaches to treatment of chronic pain: the inaccuracy of patient self-report measures.

1981 • 84 citations

Somatosensory evoked potentials following trigeminal nerve stimulation in trigeminal neuralgia

1981 • 83 citations

Comparative analysis of paraspinal and frontalis EMG, heart rate and skin conductance in chronic low back pain patients and normals to various postures and stress.

1982 • 83 citations

Psychophysiology of recurrent headache: Methodological issues and new empirical findings

1982 • 79 citations

Sources of variation in analgesic responses in cancer patients with chronic pain receiving morphine

1983 • 77 citations

Response plasticity of pain evoked reactions in man

1982 • 77 citations

Paralumbar muscle activity in chronic low back pain.

1981 • 77 citations

Childrenʼs drawings of their pain

1983 • 77 citations

An evaluation of a behavioral program for chronic pain

1982 • 76 citations

The internal structure of the McGill pain questionnaire in dysmenorrhoea patients

1979 • 75 citations

Relationship between noxious cold stimuli and the magnitude of pain sensation in man

1983 • 74 citations

Responses of Bulboreticular Units To Somatic Stimuli Eliciting Escape Behavior In The Cat

1971 • 73 citations

EMG feedback training during dynamic movement for low back pain patients

1982 • 73 citations

Alteration of human pain thresholds by nutritional manipulation and l-tryptophan supplementation

1982 • 70 citations

Pain assessment in humans — A reply to hall

1981 • 69 citations

The McGill Pain Questionnaire: A replication of its construction

1982 • 68 citations

SENSORY and DISTRESS COMPONENTS OF PAIN

1974 • 67 citations

A modification of the jump-flinch technique for measuring pain sensitivity in rats

1975 • 64 citations

Signal detection and threshold measures to loud tones and radiant heat in chronic low back pain patients and cohort controls

1983 • 64 citations

Measurement of clinical pain a review and integration of research findings

1984 • 63 citations

A COMPARISON OF DRUG EFFECTS UPON THE JAW JERK RESPONSE TO ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF THE TOOTH PULP IN DOGS AND CATS.

1964 • 61 citations

Nocifensive responses to cutaneous thermal stimuli in the cat: stimulus-response profiles, latencies, and afferent activity

1983 • 61 citations

Automated versus self-monitoring of ‘up-time’ in chronic low-back pain patients: a comparative study

1983 • 59 citations

Signal Detection Theory and the Psychophysics of Pain: An Introduction and Review

1976 • 59 citations

Effects of different types of instructions on pain parameters.

1968 • 58 citations

Signal detection and threshold measures for chronic back pain patients, chronic illness patients, and cohort controls to radiant heat stimuli.

1981 • 58 citations

Methods to Differentiate Electrically Induced Afferent and Sympathetic C Unit Responses in Human Cutaneous Nerves

1974 • 54 citations

Diffusion of pain language with affective disturbance confounds differential diagnosis

1982 • 54 citations

Changes in pain perception after treatment for chronic pain

1981 • 54 citations

Signal detection and threshold measures for chronic back pain patients, chronic illness patients, and cohort controls to radiant heat stimuli.

1981 • 54 citations

Arthritis induced in cat by sodium urate: a possible animal model for tonic pain

1984 • 53 citations

Acupuncture has an analgesic effect in rabbits

1983 • 52 citations

Factor analysis of human pain responses: Pain endurance as a specific pain factor.

1971 • 47 citations

Pain, Meaning and Management

1981 • 47 citations

Autonomic measures and behavioral indices of pain sensitivity

1983 • 47 citations

The Headache Scale: a new approach to the assessment of headache pain based on pain descriptions

1983 • 46 citations

Spatial distribution of pain: A descriptive characteristic of chronic pain

1983 • 46 citations

Semantic functional measurement of pain: Integrating perception and language

1983 • 46 citations

Where is the noise in sdt pain assessment?

1983 • 46 citations

Changes in pain tolerance and other behavior produced by salicylates.

1961 • 46 citations

Electrical stimulation of tooth pulp in humans. I. Relationships among physical stimulus intensities, psychological magnitude estimates and cerebral evoked potentials

1982 • 43 citations

A modified submaximal effort tourniquet test for evaluation of analgesics in healthy volunteers

1984 • 42 citations

The Development of a Pain Perception Profile: A Psychophysical Approach

1976 • 42 citations

Aspirin clearly depresses responses of ventrobasal thalamus neurons to joint stimuli in arthritic rats

1982 • 41 citations

Toward a practical instrument system for the automatic measurement of “up-time” in chronic pain patients

1980 • 41 citations

Relation between intradental nerve activity and estimated pain in man —a mathematical model

1984 • 38 citations

The language of pain: Affective descriptors of pain are a better predictor of psychological disturbance than pattern of sensory and affective descriptors

1983 • 38 citations

Methodology in the measurement of pain

1978 • 37 citations

Descriptions of pain and other sensory modalities in patients with lumbago-sciatica and herniated intervertebral discs. Interview administration of an adapted McGill pain questionnaire

1983 • 37 citations

FAILURE OF SYSTEMIC ANALGESIC AGENTS TO ALTER THE ABSOLUTE SENSORY THRESHOLD FOR THE SIMPLE DETECTION OF PAIN

1965 • 37 citations

Somatosensory evoked potentials and noxious stimulation in patients with intractable, noncancer pain syndromes

1980 • 35 citations

CHARACTERISTICS OF AVERSIVE THRESHOLDS MEASURED BY A TITRATION SCHEDULE¹

1963 • 34 citations

Neuroma pain model: Correlation of motor behavior and body weight with autotomy in rats

1983 • 33 citations

The Assessment of Pain

1980 • 33 citations

Sensory Decision Theory Describes Evoked Potentials in Pain Discrimination

1981 • 31 citations

Pain: New Perspectives in Therapy and Research

1977 • 22 citations

Analgesia for orofacial nociception produced by morphine microinjection into the spinal trigeminal complex 1

1983 • 20 citations

A Behavioral Animal Model for the Study of Pain Mechanisms in Primates

1976 • 20 citations

The effects of diazepam, morphine and lidocaine on nociception in rhesus monkeys: a signal detection analysis.

1978 • 19 citations

Activities as indices of illness behaviour in chronic pain

1983 • 18 citations

A Possible involvement of the central endorphin system in the autoanalgesia induced by chronic administration of freundʼs adjuvant solution in rats

1983 • 17 citations

Reversal of ECS-induced amnesia by post-ECS injections of amphetamine

1975 • 15 citations

Activities of daily living: reliability and validity of gross vs specific ratings.

1981 • 13 citations

Effects of alpha-adrenergic blocking agents on narcotic-induced analgesia.

1974 • 13 citations

The effect of calcium and sodium ion on the frequency-force relationship in cardiac muscle.

1968 • 13 citations

Evaluation of the Hardy-Wolff-Goodell pain threshold apparatus and technique: review of the literature.

1957 • 12 citations

Pain perception and alleviation in animals.

1984 • 10 citations

Behavioral evidence for an opiate pituitary mechanism subserving conditioned analgesia

1983 • 10 citations

Description of pain and the degree to which the complaints fit the organic diagnosis of low back pain

1984 • 10 citations

Measurement of Subjective Responses: Quantitative Effects of Drugs

1962 • 3 citations