Understanding resistance to sex and race-based affirmative action: A review of research findings

Attitudes and Persuasion: Classic and Contemporary Approaches

1981 • 3,388 citations

Sex bias in work settings: The Lack of Fit model.

1983 • 918 citations

Women and minorities in management.

1990 • 889 citations

Structure of gender stereotypes: Interrelationships among components and gender label.

1984 • 853 citations

Relative Deprivation and Working Women, 1978-79

2007 • 826 citations

The Denial of Personal Discrimination

1984 • 531 citations

Mimicking Political Debate with Survey Questions: The Case of White Opinion on Affirmative Action for Blacks

1990 • 527 citations

Symbolic Racism: Problems of Motive Attribution in Political Analysis

1986 • 484 citations

Presumed incompetent? Stigmatization and affirmative action efforts.

1992 • 410 citations

Attitudes and beliefs about affirmative action: Effects of target and of respondent sex and ethnicity.

1993 • 288 citations

Resistance to Affirmative Action

1985 • 205 citations

What's fair is fair—Or is it? Value differences underlying public views about social justice.

1987 • 191 citations

Effects of the Male-Female Ratio at Work: Policewomen and Male Nurses

1989 • 179 citations

What's fair is fair--Or is it? Value differences underlying public views about social justice.

1987 • 175 citations

Information as a deterrent against sex discrimination: The effects of applicant sex and information type on preliminary employment decisions

1984 • 166 citations

The vagaries of sex bias: Conditions regulating the undervaluation, equivaluation, and overvaluation of female job applicants

1988 • 163 citations

Self-derogating consequences of sex-based preferential selection: The moderating role of initial self-confidence

1990 • 118 citations

Skirting the competence issue: Effects of sex-based preferential selection on task choices of women and men.

1991 • 104 citations

Affirmative action, negative reaction? Some moderating conditions

1984 • 91 citations

Selection procedure and responses to affirmative action: The case of favorable treatment.

1985 • 87 citations

But Do They Care About Fairness? The Dynamics of Preferential Treatment and Minority Interest

1987 • 85 citations

“If There Isn't a Problem, You Don't Need a Solution”

1985 • 83 citations

MALE ACCEPTANCE OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION PROGRAMS FOR WOMEN: THE RESULTS OF ALTRUISTIC OR EGOISTICAL MOTIVES?

1989 • 70 citations

Sources of Stigma: Analyzing the Psychology of Affirmative Action

1990 • 66 citations

Affirmative Action in Theory and Practice: issues of Power, Ambiguity, and Gender Versus Race

1994 • 66 citations

Two Faces of Identity: The “I” and the “We”

1986 • 66 citations

Justice, Gender, and Affirmative Action.

1994 • 62 citations

Equality and efficiency tradeoffs in affirmative action—Real or imagined? The case of women in policing

1987 • 60 citations

Affirmative Action and the Issue of Expectancies

1990 • 60 citations

Empirical Identification of the Criteria for Effective Affirmative Action Programs

1984 • 58 citations

Women as leaders: Performance evaluation as a function of method of leader selection

1977 • 53 citations

The Influence of Affirmative Action on Perceptions of a Beneficiary's Qualifications¹

1991 • 46 citations

Sex and race discrimination resulting from manager-client relationships: Applying the rational bias theory of managerial discrimination

1988 • 45 citations

Recipients' affective responses to affirmative action interventions: A cross‐cultural perspective

1992 • 44 citations

Impact of Affirmative Action on Beneficiary Groups: Evidence From the 1990 General Social Survey

1994 • 43 citations

Affirmative Action in Theory and Practice: issues of Power, Ambiguity, and Gender Versus Race

1994 • 35 citations

A Question of… Discrimination

2022 • 33 citations

Perceptions of affirmative action among its beneficiaries

1992 • 30 citations

Double jeopardy : Resistance to affirmative action from potential beneficiaries

1983 • 27 citations

Social Psychology and Affirmative Action: The Importance of Process in Policy Analysis

1987 • 25 citations

Carpenter apprentices: Comparison of career transitions for men and women.

1987 • 25 citations

Toward a psychological ecology of affirmative action

1992 • 24 citations

Social‐Psychological Issues in Sex Discrimination

1985 • 22 citations

Affirmative Action in Times of Fiscal Stress and Changing Value Priorities: The Case of Women in Policing

1989 • 22 citations

Affirmative Action for Women Faculty

1985 • 22 citations

A preliminary investigation into the behavioral dimensions of affirmative action compliance.

1980 • 20 citations

Message effects on the perceptions of the fairness of gender-based affirmative action: A cognitive response theory-based analysis

1995 • 19 citations

The Effect of Working With Women on Male Attitudes Toward Female Firefighters

1985 • 19 citations

The SRS Model as a Predictor of Negro Responsiveness to Reinforcement¹

1970 • 16 citations

Student Affirmative Action Programs: A Help or Hindrance to Development of Minority Graduate Students?.

1986 • 15 citations

VOLUNTARY AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT: LEGAL AND RESEARCH IMPLICATIONS

1988 • 13 citations

Now that I can have it, I'm not so sure I want it: The effects of opportunity on aspirations and discontent.

1987 • 12 citations

Faculty Women's Association: An Instrument for Change

1985 • 12 citations

Affirmative Action: Insights From Social Psychological and Organizational Research

1994 • 11 citations

Female workers' acceptance in traditionally male-dominated blue-collar jobs

1990 • 11 citations

Gender‐Based Preferential Selection: Perceptions of Injustice and Empathy of Deprivation

1993 • 9 citations

Affirmative Action for Women Faculty: Case Studies of Three Successful Institutions

1985 • 8 citations

Affirmative Action, the Media, and the Public

1985 • 6 citations

When affirmative action cloaks management bias in selection and promotion decisions

1990 • 6 citations

Justice, gender, and affirmative action

1993 • 4 citations

INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN CATEGORY WIDTH AND FAIRNESS PERCEPTION OF SELECTION DECISIONS

1990 • 3 citations

United Steelworkers of America, AFL-CIO-CLC v. Weber

1978 • 2 citations

Affirmative Action and Judicial Incoherence

1994 • 1 citations

Affirmative Action and Judicial Incoherence

1994 • 1 citations