The interpretation of infant pain: Physiological and behavioral indicators used by NICU nurses

Pain and Its Effects in the Human Neonate and Fetus

1987 • 1,572 citations

Premature Infant Pain Profile: Development and Initial Validation

1996 • 1,150 citations

Pain expression in neonates: facial action and cry

1987 • 1,037 citations

Individualized Developmental Care for the Very Low-Birth-Weight Preterm Infant

1994 • 629 citations

Toward a synactive theory of development: Promise for the assessment and support of infant individuality

1982 • 577 citations

Individualized Behavioral and Environmental Care for the Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infant at High Risk for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Developmental Outcome

1986 • 502 citations

Experience in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Affects Pain Response

1996 • 386 citations

Neonatal facial and cry responses to invasive and non-invasive procedures

1990 • 360 citations

The Undertreatment of Pain in Children: An Overview

1989 • 347 citations

Patterns of postoperative analgesic use with adults and children following cardiac surgery

1983 • 321 citations

Status of Pediatric Pain Control: A Comparison of Hospital Analgesic Usage in Children and Adults

1986 • 321 citations

Early pain experience, child and family factors, as precursors of somatization: a prospective study of extremely premature and fullterm children

1994 • 303 citations

Developmental changes in pain expression in premature, full-term, two- and four-month-old infants

1993 • 281 citations

Physiologic Stress Reduction by a Local Anesthetic During Newborn Circumcision

1983 • 255 citations

Acute pain response in infants: a multidimensional description

1986 • 253 citations

Pain in infancy: Neonatal reaction to a heel lance

1984 • 253 citations

Newborn Pain Cries and Vagal Tone: Parallel Changes in Response to Circumcision

1988 • 250 citations

Differential response to pain by very premature neonates

1995 • 217 citations

A revised measure of acute pain in infants

1995 • 191 citations

Factors that influence the behavioral pain responses of premature infants

1994 • 173 citations

Neonatal Pain Cries: Effect of Circumcision on Acoustic Features and Perceived Urgency

1986 • 154 citations

Pain Relief in the Pediatric Patient

1968 • 146 citations

Physiological Responses Of Premature Infants to A Painful Stimulus

1994 • 143 citations

Neonatal Pain Cries: Effect of Circumcision on Acoustic Features and Perceived Urgency

1986 • 142 citations

Neonatal circumcision and penile dorsal nerve block—a painless procedure

1978 • 132 citations

Paediatric anaesthetists' perceptions of neonatal and infant pain

1988 • 127 citations

A New Method To Quantitatively Describe Pain Behavior in Infants

1986 • 119 citations

Behavioral Effects of Circumcision with and without Anesthesia

1984 • 117 citations

Pain: A Source Book for Nurses and Other Health Professionals

1978 • 111 citations

Development of emotional sweating in the newborn infant.

1982 • 97 citations

Making heel pricks less painful.

1983 • 96 citations

DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES IN RESPONSE TO HEELSTICK IN PRETERM INFANTS: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

1996 • 96 citations

Intraventricular Hemorrhage in the Premature Infant

1982 • 95 citations

Nursing Procedures and Alterations in Transcutaneous Oxygen Tension in Premature Infants

1982 • 90 citations

Developmental and Psychological Factors in Children’s Pain

1989 • 88 citations

The pain of heel prick and its measurement in preterm infants

1993 • 87 citations

A National Survey of the Assessment and Treatment of Pain and Agitation in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

1987 • 86 citations

Issues of Assessment of Pain and Discomfort in Neonates

1995 • 85 citations

Circumcision I: Effects upon newborn behavior

1980 • 85 citations

Multidimensional Pain Assessment in Premature Neonates: A Pilot Study

1993 • 84 citations

The Effects of Circumcision on Sleep-Wake States in Human Neonates

1974 • 84 citations

The Effect of Circumcision on Transcutaneous PO2 in Term Infants

1980 • 79 citations

Pain : a source book for nurses and other health professionals

1977 • 76 citations

Direct Computer Recording of Premature Infants and Nursery Care: Distress Following Two Interventions

1983 • 71 citations

Physicians?? Attitudes toward Pain in Children

1986 • 68 citations

Behavioural response to pain in healthy neonates.

1994 • 57 citations

Pain, a Nursing Approach to Assessment and Analysis

1983 • 55 citations

Neural Maturation as Exemplified in the Changing Reactions of the Infant to Pin Prick

1941 • 54 citations

Nurses' perceptions of pain in the neonatal intensive care unit

1989 • 51 citations

NEURAL MATURATION AS EXEMPLIFIED IN THE CHANGING REACTIONS OF THE INFANT TO PIN PRICK

1941 • 50 citations

Infant Suffering and Nurse Advocacy in Neonatal Intensive Care

1989 • 48 citations

ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PAIN

1970 • 48 citations

Pain behaviors in LBW infants accompany some "nonpainful" caregiving procedures.

1997 • 44 citations

Pain: A Nursing Approach to Assessment and Analysis

1984 • 44 citations

The pain response of the postoperative newborn

1991 • 37 citations

Children's Reactions to Pain: A Psychiatrist's Perspective

1976 • 36 citations

Special Needs of Preterm Infants in the Management of Pain and Discomfort

1995 • 36 citations

Observation of pain behavior in the NICU: An exploratory study

1993 • 35 citations

Nurses' Judgments of Pain in Term and Preterm Newborns

1993 • 33 citations

Identifying signs that nurses interpret as indicating pain in newborns.

1989 • 32 citations

Physiologic responses to cutaneous pain in neonates.

1987 • 28 citations

Pain assessment in newborns

1990 • 28 citations

Where does it hurt? An interdisciplinary approach to improving the quality of pain assessment and management in the neonatal intensive care unit.

1995 • 28 citations

A multidimensional study of infants' responses to painful stimuli.

1986 • 27 citations

The Normal Neonatal Response to Pin‐prick

1974 • 24 citations

Differentiating between pain and agitation in premature neonates

1990 • 22 citations

Increasing staff nurse awareness of postoperative pain management in the NICU.

1996 • 22 citations

Pain in the neonate: assessment and intervention.

1989 • 20 citations

Relationship of Cues to Assessed Infant Pain Level

1996 • 18 citations

Premature infants' response to touch and pain: can nurses make a difference?

1987 • 17 citations

WHERE DOES IT HURT?

1995 • 16 citations

Assessment of postoperative pain in critically ill infants.

1990 • 16 citations

Distribution of Cues Across Assessed Levels of Infant Pain

1996 • 15 citations

Validation of Infant Behavior Identified by Neonatal Nurses

1986 • 12 citations

Assessing and Managing Agitation in a Critically Ill Infant

1990 • 11 citations

Neonatal Pain: From Concept to Research Questions and a Role for the Advanced Practice Nurse

1996 • 10 citations

THE EXPERIENCE OF PAIN

1964 • 7 citations

...ABOUT PAIN IN CHILDREN

1990 • 3 citations