Potential role of the anterior cingulate cortex in PTSD: Review and hypothesis

Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions.

1935 • 17,279 citations

Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain

1988 • 11,912 citations

Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: An integrative review.

1991 • 5,223 citations

The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life

2004 • 4,130 citations

A PROPOSED MECHANISM OF EMOTION

1937 • 3,511 citations

Differential contribution of amygdala and hippocampus to cued and contextual fear conditioning.

1992 • 2,910 citations

Differential contribution of amygdala and hippocampus to cued and contextual fear conditioning.

1992 • 2,621 citations

Hippocampal atrophy in recurrent major depression.

1996 • 1,884 citations

The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID)

1992 • 1,653 citations

MRI-based measurement of hippocampal volume in patients with combat- related posttraumatic stress disorder

1995 • 1,567 citations

Neuropsychopharmacology

1990 • 1,545 citations

The anterior cingulate cortex mediates processing selection in the Stroop attentional conflict paradigm.

1990 • 1,499 citations

Double Dissociation of Conditioning and Declarative Knowledge Relative to the Amygdala and Hippocampus in Humans

1995 • 1,386 citations

Caudate Glucose Metabolic Rate Changes With Both Drug and Behavior Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

1992 • 1,283 citations

β-Adrenergic activation and memory for emotional events

1994 • 1,277 citations

Magnetic resonance imaging-based measurement of hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder related to childhood physical and sexual abuse—a preliminary report

1997 • 1,264 citations

The amygdala: Neurobiological aspects of emotion, memory and mental dysfunction

1993 • 1,259 citations

Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Three studies in reliability and validity.

1988 • 1,160 citations

The lateral amygdaloid nucleus: sensory interface of the amygdala in fear conditioning

1990 • 1,134 citations

Cingulate function in depression

1997 • 1,034 citations

A Symptom Provocation Study of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Using Positron Emission Tomography and Script-Driven Imagery

1996 • 1,016 citations

Anatomical Abnormalities in the Brains of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Schizophrenia

1990 • 1,009 citations

The triune brain in evolution: Role in paleocerebral functions

1990 • 962 citations

Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Three studies in reliability and validity.

1988 • 957 citations

Hippocampal volume in women victimized by childhood sexual abuse

1997 • 919 citations

Extinction of emotional learning: Contribution of medial prefrontal cortex

1993 • 895 citations

Magnetic resonance imaging study of hippocampal volume in chronic, combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder

1996 • 893 citations

Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Measured During Symptom Provocation in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Oxygen 15—Labeled Carbon Dioxide and Positron Emission Tomography

1994 • 888 citations

Clinical evaluation of a measure to assess combat exposure.

1989 • 884 citations

Activation of the hippocampus in normal humans: a functional anatomical study of memory.

1992 • 853 citations

The Triune Brain in Evolution: Role in Paleocerebral Functions

1990 • 818 citations

Investigations of the functional anatomy of attention using the stroop test

1993 • 813 citations

Neurotransmission in the rat amygdala related to fear and anxiety

1994 • 781 citations

Psychopharmacology: The Fourth Generation of Progress

1996 • 755 citations

Fear-potentiated startle: A neural and pharmacological analysis

1993 • 736 citations

The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life

2000 • 706 citations

Differential contribution of dorsal and ventral medial prefrontal cortex to the acquisition and extinction of conditioned fear in rats.

1995 • 656 citations

Psychobiologic Mechanisms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

1993 • 634 citations

Abnormal Noradrenergic Function in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

1993 • 566 citations

Topographic organization of neurons in the acoustic thalamus that project to the amygdala

1990 • 548 citations

Afferent projections to the rat locus coeruleus as determined by a retrograde tracing technique

1978 • 537 citations

Brain Morphology and Schizophrenia

1992 • 508 citations

Lesions of the amygdala, but not of the cerebellum or red nucleus, block conditioned fear as measured with the potentiated startle paradigm.

1986 • 506 citations

Neurobiology of Mood Disorders

1985 • 492 citations

Deficits in short-term memory in posttraumatic stress disorder

1993 • 465 citations

Organization of amygdaloid projections to the prefrontal cortex and associated striatum in the rat

1991 • 456 citations

Neurobiology of Cingulate Cortex and Limbic Thalamus

1993 • 446 citations

Visual Imagery and Perception in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

1997 • 439 citations

Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Childhood-Onset Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

1992 • 418 citations

Subcortical and temporal structures in affective disorder and schizophrenia: A magnetic resonance imaging study

1992 • 410 citations

Lesions of the amygdala, but not of the cerebellum or red nucleus, block conditioned fear as measured with the potentiated startle paradigm.

1986 • 407 citations

Anterior Cingulate Gyrus Dysfunction and Selective Attention Deficits in Schizophrenia: [¹⁵O]H₂O PET Study During Single-Trial Stroop Task Performance

1997 • 398 citations

Involvement of subcortical and cortical afferents to the lateral nucleus of the amygdala in fear conditioning measured with fear- potentiated startle in rats trained concurrently with auditory and visual conditioned stimuli

1995 • 382 citations

Neurobiology of cingulate cortex and limbic thalamus : a comprehensive handbook

1993 • 377 citations

Processing of threat-related information in rape victims.

1991 • 372 citations

The cingulate gyrus and human behaviour

1973 • 372 citations

Topographical organization of amygdaloid projections to the caudatoputamen, nucleus accumbens, and related striatal-like areas of the rat brain

1991 • 370 citations

Selective processing of threat cues in posttraumatic stress disorder.

1990 • 355 citations

Fluoxetine in post-traumatic stress disorder

1991 • 350 citations

Comorbidity In Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder An Analysis of Community and Clinical Studies¹

1990 • 336 citations

The revised stroop color-naming task in social phobics

1993 • 329 citations

Urinary Catecholamine Excretion and Severity of PTSD Symptoms in Vietnam Combat Veterans

1992 • 309 citations

Processing of threat-related information in rape victims.

1991 • 301 citations

Selective processing of threat cues in posttraumatic stress disorder.

1990 • 299 citations

Effect of sleep deprivation on brain metabolism of depressed patients

1992 • 291 citations

Positron Emission Tomography Measurement of Cerebral Metabolic Correlates of Yohimbine Administration in Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

1997 • 291 citations

Learning and memory in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder

1995 • 289 citations

The Limbic System: Functional Organization and Clinical Disorders

1987 • 256 citations

Blunted left cingulate activation in mood disorder subjects during a response interference task (the Stroop)

1997 • 256 citations

Regional brain activity when selecting a response despite interference: An H₂¹⁵O PET study of the stroop and an emotional stroop

1994 • 250 citations

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of schizophrenic patients and comparison subjects during word production

1996 • 242 citations

The role of the anterior cingulate in automatic and controlled processes: A developmental neuroanatomical study

1997 • 223 citations

Mating in the monogamous male: Behavioral consequences

1995 • 219 citations

Functional neuroanatomical correlates of the effects of stress on memory

1995 • 215 citations

Cognitive processing of trauma cues in rape victims with post-traumatic stress disorder

1992 • 214 citations

Functional neuroanatomical correlates of the effects of stress on memory

1995 • 201 citations

Autonomic responses to stress in Vietnam combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder

1990 • 185 citations

A comparison of the efferents of the amygdala and the hippocampal formation in the rhesus monkey: I. Convergence in the entorhinal, prorhinal, and perirhinal cortices

1988 • 181 citations

Cerebral glucose metabolic differences in patients with panic disorder.

1990 • 164 citations

Effects of procaine hydrochloride, diazepam, and diphenylhydantoin on seizure development in cortical and subcortical structures in rats

1975 • 163 citations

Changes in Plasma Norepinephrine to Combat-Related Stimuli among Vietnam Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

1991 • 148 citations

Positive symptoms of psychosis in posttraumatic stress disorder

1996 • 145 citations

Disturbances of Maternal Behavior in the Rat Following Lesions of the Cingulate Cortex

1967 • 144 citations

Species-Typical Behavior of Hamsters Deprived from Birth of the Neocortex

1981 • 142 citations

Effects of Lidocaine on the Central Nervous System

1967 • 141 citations

Assessment of intrusive cognition in PTSD: Use of the modified Stroop paradigm

1993 • 139 citations

Brain perfusion abnormalities in drug-naive, lactate-sensitive panic patients: A SPECT study

1993 • 136 citations

Organization of Rodent Auditory Cortex: Anterograde Transport of PHA-L from MGv to Temporal Neocortex

1993 • 135 citations

In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the medial temporal lobes of subjects with combat‐related posttraumatic stress disorder

1998 • 132 citations

Increased limbic blood flow and total sleep deprivation in major depression with melancholia

1994 • 111 citations

Muscarinic responses of rat basolateral amygdaloid neurons recorded in vitro.

1992 • 98 citations

Sites and mechanisms for nicotine's action in the brain

1981 • 97 citations

Sensitivity to stress-relevant stimuli in posttraumatic stress disorder

1987 • 82 citations

Psychotic features and combat-associated PTSD

1997 • 79 citations

Elevated plasma dopamine in posttraumatic stress disorder: A preliminary report

1993 • 75 citations

Analysis of avoidance conditioning following cholinergic stimulation of amygdala in rats.

1969 • 74 citations

Metabolic and behavioral consequences of lidocaine-kindled seizures

1984 • 70 citations

Comparative effects of excitotoxic lesions of the hippocampus and septum/diagonal band on conditional visual discrimination and spatial learning

1993 • 67 citations

Functional hypotheses of the coeruleocortical noradrenergic projection: A review of recent experimentation and theory

1985 • 66 citations

The Contributions of Cingulate Cortex to Human Behavior

1993 • 61 citations

Psychophysiological Responses in the Diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Vietnam Veterans

1991 • 61 citations

Preliminary report: Brain blood flow using PET in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and substance-abuse histories

1993 • 59 citations

Intravenous procaine as a probe of limbic system activity in psychiatric patients and normal controls

1987 • 56 citations

Alteration of corticothalamic perfusion ratios during a PTSD flashback

1996 • 49 citations

In vitro and in vivo effects of cocaine and selected local anesthetics on the dopamine transporter

1995 • 43 citations

Site of anticonvulsant action on sodium channels: autoradiographic and electrophysiological studies in rat brain.

1987 • 43 citations

Amygdala Hyperspindling and Seizures Induced by Cocaine

1977 • 36 citations

Comparison of the role of local anesthetic properties with dopamine uptake blockade in the inhibition of striatal and nucleus accumbens [3H]acetylcholine release by cocaine.

1992 • 33 citations

Acetylcholine receptor kinetics: Chemical kinetics

1986 • 29 citations

Inhibition of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor by barbiturates and by procaine: Do they act at different sites?

1993 • 29 citations

Procaine-lnduced increases in limbic rCBF correlate positively with increases in occipital and temporal EEG fast activity

1995 • 28 citations

Basic science and clinical aspects of procaine HCl as a limbic system excitant

1985 • 26 citations

Investigation of the amygdaloid and olfactory electrographic response in the cat after toxic dosage of lidocaine

1970 • 23 citations

Cocaine‐like effects of intravenous procaine in cocaine addicts

1998 • 19 citations

Local norepinephrine depletion and learning-related neuronal activity in cingulate cortex and anterior thalamus of rabbits

1992 • 15 citations

The effect of cocaine and other local anesthetics on central dopaminergic neurotransmission.

1995 • 12 citations

Striatal Dopamine Release^a: In Vivo Evidence for Local Initiation

1990 • 7 citations

Reappraisal of intravenous procaine as a short-acting anesthetic adjuvant

1979 • 7 citations

4-Bromoacetamidoprocaine: An affinity ligand for brain muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic receptors

1992 • 6 citations

The 146th annual meeting of the american psychiatric association, May 22-27 1993, San Francisco

1993 • 2 citations

89. A potential cholinergic mechanism of procaine's limbic activation

1998 • 2 citations