Circadian Rhythms: Influences of Internal and External Factors on the Period Measured in Constant Conditions1

A functional analysis of circadian pacemakers in nocturnal rodents

1976 • 2,105 citations

A functional analysis of circadian pacemakers in nocturnal rodents

1976 • 1,638 citations

Exogenous and Endogenous Components in Circadian Rhythms

1960 • 1,451 citations

Circadian Rhythms and the Circadian Organization of Living Systems

1960 • 1,351 citations

The neurosciences. Third study program

1974 • 1,078 citations

Photoperiodism and related phenomena in plants and animals

1959 • 762 citations

A functional analysis of circadian pacemakers in nocturnal rodents

1976 • 722 citations

ON TEMPERATURE INDEPENDENCE IN THE CLOCK SYSTEM CONTROLLING EMERGENCE TIME IN DROSOPHILA

1954 • 638 citations

A behavioristic study of the activity of the rat,

1922 • 375 citations

Re-entrainment of circadian rhythms after phase-shifts of the Zeitgeber.

1975 • 352 citations

Estradiol Shortens the Period of Hamster Circadian Rhythms

1977 • 349 citations

Circadian rhythms of locomotor activity in captive birds and mammals: Their variations with season and latitude

1975 • 331 citations

ON THE MECHANISM OF TEMPERATURE INDEPENDENCE IN A BIOLOGICAL CLOCK

1957 • 304 citations

A functional analysis of circadian pacemakers in nocturnal rodents

1976 • 285 citations

Circadian Oscillations in Rodents: A Systematic Increase of Their Frequency with Age

1974 • 270 citations

Comparative Physiology: Diurnal Rhythms

1963 • 260 citations

Effects of Temperature upon Diurnal Rhythms

1960 • 257 citations

Phase relations between a circadian rhythm and its zeitgeber within the range of entrainment

1978 • 257 citations

Temperature compensation of the circadian oscillation in Drosophila pseudoobscura and its entrainment by temperature cycles

1968 • 220 citations

An effect of castration and testosterone replacement on a circadian pacemaker in mice (Mus musculus).

1975 • 205 citations

Melatonin: Effects on the Circadian Locomotor Rhythm of Sparrows

1976 • 163 citations

EXTRARETINAL PHOTORECEPTION IN BIRDS

1976 • 155 citations

CIRCADIAN AND CIRCANNUAL RHYTHMS IN BIRDS

1975 • 153 citations

Tierische Periodik unter dem Einfluß von Zeitgebern

2010 • 153 citations

Circadian control of stridulation in the cricketTeleogryllus commodus Walker

1972 • 139 citations

Circadian rhythms of locomotor activity in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) measured with two different techniques.

1973 • 128 citations

The Locomotor Activity Rhythm of Talitrus Saltator (Montagu) (Crustacea, Amphipoda)

1972 • 126 citations

General Homeostasis of the Frequency of Circadian Oscillations

1973 • 120 citations

Effects of pinealectomy on circadian locomotor activity rhythms in european starlings,Sturnus vulgaris

1978 • 119 citations

Circadian Locomotor Rhythms of Rodents in the Arctic

1967 • 118 citations

The Circadian Rhythm of Flight Activity in the Mosquito Aedes Aegypti (L.): The Phase-Setting Effects of Light-on and Light-Off

1969 • 112 citations

Effect of continuous light on periodic spontaneous activity of white‐footed mice (Peromyscus)

1939 • 100 citations

LD ratios and the entrainment of circadian activity in a nocturnal and a diurnal rodent

1972 • 97 citations

Activity Patterns of Young White‐Tailed Deer Fawns in South Texas

1972 • 89 citations

Die Tagesperiodik licht- und dunkelaktiver Tiere

1964 • 88 citations

Beginn und Ende der täglichen Aktivität freilebender Vögel

1962 • 84 citations

The Behaviour of Minnows in Relation to Light Intensity

1956 • 82 citations

Diel Activity Rhythms in the Nocturnal, Bottom-Dwelling Sharks, Heterodontus francisci and Cephaloscyllium ventriosum

1970 • 82 citations

Effects of season and external testosterone on the freerunning circadian activity rhythm of european starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)

1975 • 81 citations

Die 24-Stunden-Periodik der Maus unter konstanten Umgebungsbedingungen

1951 • 71 citations

Retinal and extraretinal photoreceptors mediate entrainment of the circadian locomotor rhythm in lizards

1973 • 68 citations

TONIC AND PHASIC EFFECTS OF LIGHT IN THE ENTRAINMENT OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS

1977 • 60 citations

EXTRARETINAL PHOTORECEPTION IN LIZARDS

1976 • 57 citations

Possibilities of Phase-control, Demonstrated by an Electronic Model

1960 • 54 citations

A circadian rhythm in the locomotor behaviour of the giant garden slug Limax maximus

1977 • 53 citations

Die Tagesperiodizit�t der asexuellen Reproduktion von Pilobolus sphaerosporus

1951 • 51 citations

PINEAL HOMEOSTATIC REGULATION OF SHIFTS IN THE CIRCADIAN ACTIVITY RHYTHM DURING MATURATION AND AGING†

1972 • 51 citations

Locomotory and stridulatory circadian rhythms in the cricket, Teleogryllus commodus

1975 • 47 citations

Core temperature in the female rat: effect of pinealectomy or altered lighting

1976 • 47 citations

THE CHRONOMUTAGENIC EFFECT OF DEUTERIUM OXIDE ON THE PERIOD AND ENTRAINMENT OF A BIOLOGICAL RHYTHM

1972 • 46 citations

Versuche zur Analyse der Tagesperiodik

1960 • 46 citations

Comparative Studies of Circadian Locomotory Rhythms in Four Species of Terrestrial Crabs

1971 • 45 citations

Plans for orbital study of rat biorhythms results of interest beyond the biosatellite program

1971 • 44 citations

The activity rhythm of two day-active rodents,Funambulus palmarum andEutamias sibiricus, in continuous illumination

1972 • 43 citations

Autonome circadiane Periodik des Menschen unter dem Einflu� verschiedener Beleuchtungs-Bedingungen

1969 • 42 citations

�ber den Einflu� der Temperatur auf die Tagesperiodik bei einem Poikilothermen

1957 • 39 citations

Der Einfluss von Beleuchtungsst�rke und Temperatur auf die Tagesperiodische laufaktivit�t des Mehlk�fers, Tenebrio Molitor, L.

1964 • 38 citations

Diurnal Periodicity in the Black Bullhead, Ictalurus melas (Rafinesque)

1965 • 37 citations

LABORATORY DETERMINATIONS OF THE DAILY FLIGHT TIMES OF SEPARATE SEXES OF SOME MOTHS IN NATURALLY CHANGING LIGHT

1962 • 36 citations

Seasonality of endogenous circadian rhythms in a diurnal rodentAmmospermophilus leucurus and a nocturnal rodentDipodomys merriami

1978 • 34 citations

Frequenz�nderungen der Aktivit�tsperiodik bei M�usen im Dauerlicht und Dauerdunkel

1952 • 32 citations

Influences of Seasonal Factors on the Activity Onset of the House Finch

1966 • 31 citations

Periodik licht- und dunkelaktiver Tiere unter konstanten Umgebungsbedingungen

1959 • 31 citations

Circadian period of finches as influenced by self-selected light-dark cycles

1968 • 30 citations

On the role of eyes and brain photoreceptors in the sparrow: Aschoff's rule

1975 • 29 citations

Temperature and the free-running circadian rhythm of the mouse finch

1966 • 29 citations

Free‐running rhythms and patterns of circadian entrainment in three species of diurnal rodents

1973 • 29 citations

Aktivit�tsperiodik bei Gimpeln unter nat�rlichen und k�nstlichen Belichtungsverh�ltnissen

1953 • 28 citations

Die Bedeutung des Lichtsinnes f�r Aktivit�t und Raumorientierung der Schleiereule (Tyto alba guttata Brehm)

1969 • 28 citations

Einflüsse von Geschlecht und Alter auf die lokomotorische Aktivität von Drosophila

1971 • 27 citations

Activity cycles of the rhesus monkey(Macaca mulatta)under several experimental conditions, both in isolation and in a group situation∗∗∗

1971 • 27 citations

Der Einflu� des Lichtes auf die Aktivit�t von Flughunden (Megachiroptera)

1970 • 26 citations

Control of the rat's circadian self-stimulation rhythm by light-dark cycles

1975 • 25 citations

Circadian activity rhythms of the pig-tailed macaque, Macaca nemestrina, under constant illumination

1978 • 25 citations

Proportional effect of light on entrained circadian rhythms of birds and mammals

1976 • 25 citations

Effects of season on circadian activity rhythms of the starling

1971 • 24 citations

Einflu� der Temperatur auf die freilaufende circadiane Aktivit�tsperiodik bei Warmbl�tern

1968 • 23 citations

Zur Bedeutung der lokomotorischen Aktivit�t in circadianen Systemen

1967 • 22 citations

Temperature and light effects on the circadian rhythm and locomotory activity of the plains garter snake(Thamnophis radix hayendi)

1975 • 21 citations

Aktivit�tsperiodik von Buchfinken (Fringilla coelebs L.) unter konstanten Bedingungen

1962 • 21 citations

Untersuchungen zur Aktivit�tsperiodik bei Euscorpius carpathicus L. (Chactidae)

1966 • 20 citations

Entrainment of Circadian Activity Rhythms in Squirrels

1975 • 20 citations

Tagesrhythmische und langfristige faunenverschiebungen im marinen supralitoral

1967 • 19 citations

Effects of selected illumination levels on circadian periodicity in the rhesus monkey(Macaca Mulatta)∗∗

1972 • 18 citations

Tagesperiodik geblendeter Bachsaiblinge

1972 • 18 citations

Circadian rhythms of metabolism in cardueline finches as function of light intensity and season

1977 • 18 citations

Interaction of effects of light, temperature, and season on the circadian period ofCarduelis flammea

1974 • 17 citations

Phase Dependent Changes of Circadian Frequency after Light Steps

1967 • 16 citations

LIGHT INTENSITY AND THE TIMING OF DAILY ACTIVITY OF FINCHES (FRINGILLIDAE)

1976 • 16 citations

Phase control of circadian activity in the antelope ground squirrel

1976 • 16 citations

Tagesperiodik der Aktivit�t und der Orientierung nach Wald und Feld von Drosophila subobscura und Drosophila obscura

1967 • 16 citations

Wirkung der Temperatur auf die mit Licht synchronisierte Aktivit�tsperiodik bei Warmbl�tern

1968 • 16 citations

On the effect of light upon the crcadian rhythms of metabolism and activity in the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs L.)

1970 • 16 citations

CIRCADIAN ACTIVITY RHYTHMS IN CHAFFINCHES (FRINGILLA COELEBS) UNDER CONSTANT CONDITIONS

1966 • 15 citations

Zur Tagesperiodik der Laufaktivit�t von Admetus pumilio C. Koch (Arach., Amblypygi) aus dem neotropischen Regenwald. II

1972 • 14 citations

Fünfjährige Beobachtungen an einer Population des Waldkauzes(Strix aluco) im Berliner Grunewald

1963 • 14 citations

Different phase position of activity in juvenile and adult perch

1978 • 13 citations

Die Lichtempfindlichkeit der Circadianen rhythmik dreier Höhlenkäfer-arten der Gattung Laemostenus

1977 • 13 citations

Circadian-Rhythmik und Gruppenverhalten beiLeucaspius delineatus (Pisces, Cyprinidae)

1973 • 13 citations

Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur tagesperiodischen Aktivität von drei Geotrupes-Arten (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae)

2010 • 13 citations

Die Periodenl�nge der circadianen Laufperiodizit�t bei drei Carabus-Arten (Coleoptera, Ins.)

1967 • 13 citations

The circadian temperature rhythm in Syrian hamsters as a function of the number of animals per cage

1974 • 12 citations

Circadian activity rhythm of the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus)

1972 • 12 citations

The circadian rhythm of the weta hemideina thoracica orthoptera free running rhythms circadian rule and light entrainment

1976 • 11 citations

A test of the Orcadian rule of Aschoff with chicken Hens

1972 • 11 citations

Circadian rhythms inMacacamonkeys (physical activity, temperature, urine and microfilarial levels)

1970 • 11 citations

Evidence for ecological adaptation of circadian systems

1978 • 10 citations

Circadian activity of the red squirrel,Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, in continuous darkness and continuous illumination

1975 • 10 citations

Light reinforcement in four taxa of deer mice (Peromyscus).

1970 • 8 citations

Zur Biologie des Sperlingskauzes(Glaucidium passerinum (L))

1965 • 7 citations

Die Aktivitätsperiodik bei Vögeln mit und ohne dunklem Schlafkasten

1973 • 4 citations