A review of the Southern Oscillation: oceanic-atmospheric circulation changes and related rainfall anomalies

ATMOSPHERIC TELECONNECTIONS FROM THE EQUATORIAL PACIFIC¹

1969 • 3,304 citations

Variations in Tropical Sea Surface Temperature and Surface Wind Fields Associated with the Southern Oscillation/El Niño

1982 • 2,549 citations

The Steady Linear Response of a Spherical Atmosphere to Thermal and Orographic Forcing

1981 • 2,477 citations

Planetary-Scale Atmospheric Phenomena Associated with the Southern Oscillation

1981 • 1,840 citations

The Relationship Between Eastern Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures and Rainfall over India and Sri Lanka

1983 • 1,005 citations

El Niño—The Dynamic Response of the Equatorial Pacific Oceanto Atmospheric Forcing

1975 • 930 citations

Meteorological Aspects of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation

1983 • 893 citations

Barotropic Wave Propagation and Instability, and Atmospheric Teleconnection Patterns

1983 • 815 citations

The ‘southern oscillation’

1965 • 773 citations

A possible response of the atmospheric Hadley circulation to equatorial anomalies of ocean temperature

1966 • 750 citations

On the Dynamics of Droughts in Northeast Brazil: Observations, Theory and Numerical Experiments with a General Circulation Model

1981 • 737 citations

El Niño Southern Oscillation phenomena

1983 • 656 citations

Dynamics of climatic hazards in northeast Brazil

1977 • 569 citations

A possible response of the atmospheric Hadley circulation to equatorial anomalies of ocean temperature

1966 • 493 citations

Spatial and temporal variations of the Southern Oscillation

1976 • 341 citations

HISTORICAL TRENDS AND STATISTICS OF THE SOUTHERN OSCILLATION, EL NINO, AND INDONESIAN DROUGHTS

1978 • 300 citations

The Southern Oscillation. Part I: Global Associations with Pressure and Temperature in Northern Winter

1981 • 269 citations

Mechanisms Determining the Atmospheric Response to Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

1981 • 234 citations

A Study of the Southern Oscillation and Walker Circulation Phenomenon

1978 • 229 citations

The Relationship Between Interannual Variability in the 200 mb Tropical Wind Field and the Southern Oscillation

1982 • 198 citations

A General Circulation Model Study of January Climate Anomaly Patterns Associated with Interannual Variation of Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures

1983 • 168 citations

Fluctuations in Northern Hemisphere 700 mb Height Field Associated with the Southern Oscillation

1982 • 133 citations

The Seasonal Variability in a Model of the Tropical Pacific

1980 • 116 citations

Tropical Eigenvector Analysis and the Southern Oscillation

1975 • 115 citations

Sea surface temperature related to rain in Ceará, north-eastern Brazil

1977 • 97 citations

Large-Scale Atmospheric Response to the 1964–65 Pacific Equatorial Warming

1972 • 95 citations

Interannual Variations of Outgoing IR Associated with Tropical Circulation Changes During 1974-78

1982 • 85 citations

Climate and the Ocean

1979 • 83 citations

The Southern Oscillation. Part II: Associations with Changes in the Middle Troposphere in the Northern Winter

1981 • 83 citations

Annual and Interannual Variations in Outgoing Longwave Radiation over the Tropics

1981 • 80 citations

Seasonal Differences in the Stationary Response of a Linearized Primitive Equation Model: Prospects for Long-Range Weather Forecasting?

1980 • 63 citations

Fluctuations in the Drought/Flood Area over India and Relationships with the Southern Oscillation

1983 • 62 citations

The Relationship Between Fluctuations in Sea Level, Wind Stress and Sea Surface Temperature in the Equatorial Pacific

1975 • 46 citations

Fluctuations in the Position of the ITCZ in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

1972 • 41 citations

El Niño: The Great Equatorial Warming: Pacific Ocean Event of 1982–1983

1983 • 28 citations

On the extension of the Southern Oscillation throughout the world during the period July 1 1949 up to July 1 1957

1959 • 12 citations

Global analysis of January and July sea level pressure

1981 • 11 citations

World Weather1

1928 • 4 citations

Indian Rainfall and South American Weather

1924 • 1 citations