Parental Socialization of Emotion

Emotional Intelligence

1990 • 7,572 citations

Socialization In The Context Of The Family: Parent-Child Interaction

1983 • 4,781 citations

The altruism question: toward a social-psychological answer

1992 • 2,381 citations

Marital conflict and child adjustment: An emotional security hypothesis.

1994 • 1,684 citations

Gender and aggressive behavior: A meta-analytic review of the social psychological literature.

1986 • 1,653 citations

Economic Stress, Coercive Family Process, and Developmental Problems of Adolescents

1994 • 1,514 citations

Hiding feelings: The acute effects of inhibiting negative and positive emotion.

1997 • 1,445 citations

Impact of parental discipline methods on the child's internalization of values: A reconceptualization of current points of view.

1994 • 1,393 citations

A Family Process Model of Economic Hardship and Adjustment of Early Adolescent Boys

1992 • 1,374 citations

Regulation of distress and negative emotions: A developmental view.

1989 • 1,372 citations

The Role of Ego-Control and Ego-Resiliency in the Organization of Behavior

1980 • 1,370 citations

EMOTION REGULATION: INFLUENCES OF ATTACHMENT RELATIONSHIPS

1994 • 1,369 citations

Emotions and emotional communication in infants.

1989 • 1,316 citations

Maternal Depression and Child Development

1994 • 1,274 citations

Parental meta-emotion philosophy and the emotional life of families: Theoretical models and preliminary data.

1996 • 1,240 citations

Economic Stress, Coercive Family Process, and Developmental Problems of Adolescents

1994 • 1,158 citations

Gender and helping behavior: A meta-analytic review of the social psychological literature.

1986 • 939 citations

Emotion and culture: Empirical studies of mutual influence.

1994 • 920 citations

The communication of emotion

1984 • 885 citations

Young Children's Understanding of Other People's Feelings and Beliefs: Individual Differences and Their Antecedents

1991 • 881 citations

Maternal emotional signaling: Its effect on the visual cliff behavior of 1-year-olds.

1985 • 844 citations

Infant Crying and Maternal Responsiveness

1972 • 839 citations

Developmental Theories for the 1990s: Development and Individual Differences

1992 • 793 citations

Promoting emotional competence in school-aged children: The effects of the PATHS curriculum

1995 • 792 citations

Empathy: Conceptualization, measurement, and relation to prosocial behavior

1990 • 791 citations

Development of Prosocial Motivation: Empathy and Guilt

1982 • 700 citations

Family talk about feeling states and children's later understanding of others' emotions.

1991 • 695 citations

Behavioral Inhibition and Stress Reactivity: The Moderating Role of Attachment Security

1996 • 644 citations

Infant Irritability, Mother Responsiveness, and Social Support Influences on the Security of Infant-Mother Attachment

1981 • 642 citations

The Influence of Temperament and Mothering on Attachment and Exploration: An Experimental Manipulation of Sensitive Responsiveness among Lower‐Class Mothers with Irritable Infants

1994 • 614 citations

Conversations about feeling states between mothers and their young children.

1987 • 608 citations

Parents' Reactions to Children's Negative Emotions: Relations to Children's Social Competence and Comforting Behavior

1996 • 596 citations

Infant Irritability, Mother Responsiveness, and Social Support Influences on the Security of Infant-Mother Attachment

1981 • 578 citations

Parental Reactions to Children's Negative Emotions: Longitudinal Relations to Quality of Children's Social Functioning

1999 • 577 citations

Developmental Theories for the 1990s: Development and Individual Differences

1992 • 573 citations

Ethnopsychologies: Cultural variations in theories of mind.

1998 • 547 citations

The relations of children's dispositional empathy-related responding to their emotionality, regulation, and social functioning.

1996 • 547 citations

Young Children's Understanding of Other People's Feelings and Beliefs: Individual Differences and Their Antecedents

1991 • 519 citations

Learning Display Rules: The Socialization of Emotion Expression in Infancy

1982 • 519 citations

The relations of emotionality and regulation to dispositional and situational empathy-related responding.

1994 • 518 citations

Socialization of preschoolers' emotion understanding.

1994 • 517 citations

Learning Display Rules: The Socialization of Emotion Expression in Infancy

1982 • 514 citations

Three-Month-Old Infants' Reaction to Simulated Maternal Depression

1983 • 514 citations

Untitled

1997 • 507 citations

ORIGINS AND OUTCOMES OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN EMOTION REGULATION

1994 • 502 citations

The Development of Emotion Expression during the First Two Years of Life

1989 • 498 citations

Infant-Mother Face-to-Face Interaction: Age and Gender Differences in Coordination and the Occurrence of Miscoordination

1989 • 491 citations

Family economic stress and adjustment of early adolescent girls.

1993 • 486 citations

Emotion, regulation, and the development of social competence.

1992 • 458 citations

Early interactions between infants and their postpartum depressed mothers

1984 • 452 citations

Resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled boys: Three replicable personality types.

1996 • 451 citations

Behavioral Inhibition and Stress Reactivity: The Moderating Role of Attachment Security

1996 • 431 citations

Infants of Depressed Mothers Show "Depressed" Behavior Even with Nondepressed Adults

1988 • 416 citations

Parents' Reactions to Children's Negative Emotions: Relations to Children's Social Competence and Comforting Behavior

1996 • 404 citations

Infants of Depressed Mothers Show "Depressed" Behavior Even with Nondepressed Adults

1988 • 385 citations

Toddler and childhood temperament: Expanded content, stronger genetic evidence, new evidence for the importance of environment.

1997 • 381 citations

Family-Peer Connections: The Roles of Emotional Expressiveness within the Family and Children's Understanding of Emotions

1992 • 377 citations

Effects of marital discord on young children's peer interaction and health.

1989 • 368 citations

Self-regulation and emotion in infancy

1992 • 357 citations

Family socialization of emotional expression and nonverbal communication styles and skills.

1986 • 352 citations

The induced affect response: 10-week-old infants' responses to three emotion expressions.

1987 • 344 citations

Bridging the Gap: Parent-Child Play Interaction and Peer Interactive Competence

1984 • 338 citations

Effects of Early Separation, Interactive Deficits, and Experimental Manipulations on Infant-Mother Face-to-Face Interaction

1977 • 337 citations

The Influence of Temperament and Mothering on Attachment and Exploration: An Experimental Manipulation of Sensitive Responsiveness among Lower-Class Mothers with Irritable Infants

1994 • 328 citations

Effects of Early Separation, Interactive Deficits, and Experimental Manipulations on Infant-Mother Face-to-Face Interaction

1977 • 324 citations

The regulation of negative reactivity in infancy: Function and development.

1995 • 303 citations

Affect expression in the family, children's understanding of emotions, and their interactions with others.

1994 • 300 citations

Attachment and emotional understanding in preschool children.

1998 • 295 citations

Emotional correlates of social competence in children's peer relationships.

1994 • 294 citations

Mothers' Reactions to Children's Negative Emotions: Relations to Children's Temperament and Anger Behavior.

1994 • 286 citations

Emotion Regulation in Two-Year-Olds: Strategies and Emotional Expression in Four Contexts

1996 • 281 citations

Sex differences in social participation.

1977 • 271 citations

Social Competence among Low-Income Preschoolers: Emotion Socialization Practices and Social Cognitive Correlates

1994 • 270 citations

The Study of Early Temperament: Measurement and Conceptual Issues

1982 • 266 citations

Continuities in Emotion Understanding from Three to Six Years

1996 • 265 citations

Emotional competence: how emotions and relationships become integrated.

1988 • 257 citations

Continuity and discontinuity in infant negative and positive emotionality: Family antecedents and attachment consequences.

1991 • 257 citations

Infants' Responses to Facial and Vocal Emotional Signals in a Social Referencing Paradigm

1996 • 255 citations

The Effects of Mother's Physical and Emotional Unavailability on Emotion Regulation

1994 • 252 citations

The Relations among Infant Temperament, Security of Attachment, and Behavioral Inhibition at Twenty-Four Months

1992 • 245 citations

Perspectives on emotional development I: Differential emotions theory of early emotional development.

1987 • 241 citations

The Socialization of Anger and Aggression.

1987 • 238 citations

Open communication and internal working models: their role in the development of attachment relationships.

1988 • 235 citations

Coping Socialization in Middle Childhood: Tests of Maternal and Paternal Influences

1996 • 227 citations

Personality and socialization correlates of vicarious emotional responding.

1991 • 227 citations

Differentiation of vicariously induced emotional reactions in children.

1988 • 223 citations

Mother-child talk about past emotions: Relations of maternal language and child gender over time

1995 • 223 citations

The Relations of Parental Characteristics and Practices to Children's Vicarious Emotional Responding

1991 • 222 citations

Exploring sex differences in the emotional content of mother-child conversations about the past

1989 • 220 citations

Relations of moral reasoning and vicarious emotion to young children's prosocial behavior toward peers and adults.

1996 • 219 citations

Reciprocal Negative Affect in Parent-Child Interactions and Children's Peer Competency

1996 • 210 citations

Temperament, Emotion, and Cognition at Fourteen Months: The MacArthur Longitudinal Twin Study

1992 • 207 citations

Continuities in Emotion Understanding from Three to Six Years

1996 • 204 citations

Early interactions between infants with cranio-facial anomalies and their mothers

1984 • 200 citations

Family-Peer Connections: The Roles of Emotional Expressiveness within the Family and Children's Understanding of Emotions

1992 • 199 citations

Biology and the child.

1998 • 196 citations

Children's Expected Interpersonal Consequences of Communicating Their Affective State and Reported Likelihood of Expression

1988 • 195 citations

Emotion Socialization and Expressive Development in Preterm and Full-Term Infants

1986 • 187 citations

Gender differences in parent-child conversations about past emotions

1992 • 186 citations

Infants' Responses to Facial and Vocal Emotional Signals in a Social Referencing Paradigm

1996 • 185 citations

The regulation of infant behavior by maternal facial expression

1984 • 184 citations

Parents' responses to the emotional distress of their children: Relations with children's competence.

1987 • 183 citations

The Role of Family Emotional Expressiveness in the Development of Children's Social Competence

1995 • 182 citations

Anger in Young Children

1933 • 182 citations

Emotion Regulation in Two-Year-Olds: Strategies and Emotional Expression in Four Contexts

1996 • 179 citations

Recognition and posing of emotional expressions by abused children and their mothers.

1988 • 178 citations

Emotion Socialization and Expressive Development in Preterm and Full-Term Infants

1986 • 173 citations

Social Competence among Low-Income Preschoolers: Emotion Socialization Practices and Social Cognitive Correlates

1994 • 172 citations

Mother-infant reengagement following the still-face: The role of maternal emotional availability an infant affect regulation

1996 • 170 citations

The Relations of Maternal Practices and Characteristics to Children's Vicarious Emotional Responsiveness

1992 • 167 citations

Gender and Emotion in Mother-Child Conversations About the Past

1991 • 166 citations

Examining the Relation of Parenting to Children's Coping with Everyday Stress

1993 • 163 citations

A social-emotional intervention for at-risk 4-year-olds

1996 • 160 citations

The Relations among Infant Temperament, Security of Attachment, and Behavioral Inhibition at Twenty-Four Months

1992 • 157 citations

A process-oriented approach to children's coping with adults' angry behavior

1988 • 157 citations

Maternal Emotional Responsiveness and Toddlers' Social‐Emotional Competence

1993 • 150 citations

The regulation of positive affect: Gaze aversion activity during mother-infant interaction

1991 • 146 citations

Infants' responses to their mothers' expressions of joy and sadness.

1988 • 144 citations

Reciprocal Negative Affect in Parent-Child Interactions and Children's Peer Competency

1996 • 144 citations

Mothers' internal state language to toddlers*

1986 • 143 citations

Children's expression of negative affect: Reasons and methods.

1996 • 139 citations

How does family emotional expressiveness affect children's schemas?

1997 • 139 citations

Japanese and United States Preschool Children's Responses to Conflict and Distress

1996 • 138 citations

Infant gaze aversion and heart rate during face-to-face interactions

1981 • 137 citations

Self-control and continuity from childhood to late adolescence

1982 • 136 citations

Coping Socialization in Middle Childhood: Tests of Maternal and Paternal Influences

1996 • 135 citations

Progress, Paradigms, and Unresolved Problems: A Commentary on Recent Advances in Our Understanding of Children's Emotions.

1994 • 134 citations

The Development of Display Rule Knowledge: Linkages with Family Expressiveness and Social Competence

1998 • 134 citations

Socialization of emotion: Pathway to preschoolers' emotional and social competence

1993 • 131 citations

The Relations of Parental Characteristics and Practices to Children's Vicarious Emotional Responding

1991 • 131 citations

Regulation of negative reactivity during the strange situation: Temperament and attachment in 12-month-old infants

1991 • 131 citations

Impact of parental discipline methods on the child's internalization of values: A reconceptualization of current points of view.

1994 • 131 citations

Japanese and United States Preschool Children's Responses to Conflict and Distress

1996 • 130 citations

The Effects of Positive Maternal Affect on Infant Responses to Pleasant, Ambiguous, and Fear-Provoking Toys

1984 • 130 citations

Untitled

1997 • 129 citations

Socialization of children's vicarious emotional responding and prosocial behavior: Relations with mothers' perceptions of children's emotional reactivity.

1994 • 128 citations

Differences in Expressiveness: Gender, Interpersonal Orientation, and Perceived Parental Expressiveness as Contributing Factors

1977 • 125 citations

Marital conflict and child adjustment: An emotional security hypothesis.

1994 • 124 citations

Preschoolers' Emotional Control in the Disappointment Paradigm and Its Relation to Temperament, Emotional Knowledge, and Family Expressiveness

1996 • 123 citations

Conditions of Continuity and Discontinuity in Infant Negative Emotionality: Newborn to Five Months

1991 • 123 citations

Differentiation of personal distress and sympathy in children and adults.

1988 • 122 citations

Socioemotional transformations in the family system following infant crawling onset

1992 • 119 citations

Family Influences on Coping Processes in Children and Adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease

1995 • 119 citations

‘Baby looks very sad’: Implications of conversations about feelings between mother and preschooler

1992 • 115 citations

Soothing Pain-elicited Distress in Infants with Swaddling and Pacifiers

1989 • 113 citations

Emotional responsivity to others: Behavioral correlates and socialization antecedents

1992 • 112 citations

Sharing and synchrony of behavior states and heart rate in nondepressed versus depressed mother-infant interactions

1989 • 111 citations

Emerging Social Regulatory Capacities as Seen in the Still-Face Situation

1990 • 109 citations

The relation of young children's vicarious emotional responding to social competence, regulation, and emotionality

1995 • 109 citations

Soothing Pain-Elicited Distress in Infants with Swaddling and Pacifiers

1989 • 108 citations

Sex differences in the consequences that children anticipate for aggression.

1989 • 108 citations

Regulation of distress and negative emotions: A developmental view.

1989 • 105 citations

The etiology of children's stereotypes about sex differences in emotionality

1984 • 105 citations

Emotional distress and control in young children

1992 • 105 citations

Mothers' emotional expressiveness and coping: Relations with preschoolers' social-emotional competence.

1992 • 105 citations

Parental Goals, Ethnopsychology, and the Development of Emotional Meaning

1983 • 103 citations

Examining the Relation of Parenting to Children's Coping with Everyday Stress

1993 • 103 citations

Parental affective style risk and the family system: A social relations model analysis.

1991 • 102 citations

Emotional competence in children with externalizing and internalizing disorders.

1996 • 98 citations

The development of emotional self-regulation in infancy and early childhood.

1995 • 93 citations

Preschoolers' Emotional Control in the Disappointment Paradigm and Its Relation to Temperament, Emotional Knowledge, and Family Expressiveness

1996 • 92 citations

The Relations of Maternal Practices and Characteristics to Children's Vicarious Emotional Responsiveness

1992 • 87 citations

The Relations of Dispositional Regulation and Emotionality to Elders' Empathy‐Related Responding and Affect While Volunteering

1996 • 86 citations

Maternal contributions to infant regulation of arousal

1992 • 85 citations

“When I have a Bad Dream, Mommy Holds Me”: Preschoolers’ Conceptions of Emotions, Parental Socialisation, and Emotional Competence

1997 • 84 citations

Toddlers' Emotion Regulation Behaviors: The Roles of Social Context and Family Expressiveness

1995 • 83 citations

Mother-Child Conversations about Peers: Contributions to Competence

1994 • 82 citations

Mother-child dialogue about emotions and preschoolers' emotional competence.

1995 • 81 citations

Maternal affect and toddlers' social-emotional competence.

1989 • 78 citations

Maternal regulation of children's emotions

1994 • 77 citations

Behavioral genetic evidence for the importance of nonshared environment.

1994 • 77 citations

Emotional Communication between Mothers and Preschoolers: Relations with Emotional Competence.

1994 • 77 citations

Conditions of Continuity and Discontinuity in Infant Negative Emotionality: Newborn to Five Months

1991 • 77 citations

Indirect Processes in Affect Socialization

1985 • 71 citations

Facial expressivity in infants of depressed mothers.

1993 • 68 citations

Coping with aversive stimulation in the neonatal period: quiet sleep and plasma cortisol levels during recovery from circumcision.

1985 • 67 citations

Self- and family-expressiveness styles in the experience and expression of anger

1987 • 66 citations

Individual differences in the reactivity of young infants.

1989 • 66 citations

Affect, attachment, and maternal responsiveness

1994 • 64 citations

Negative family environment as a predictor of boy's future status on measures of hostile attitudes, interview behavior, and anger expression.

1996 • 64 citations

Maternal socialization of children's postdivorce coping: Development of a measurement model

1994 • 64 citations

Do expressive mothers have expressive children? The role of socialization in children's affect expression

1993 • 62 citations

Maternal emotional signals, social referencing, and infants' reactions to strangers

1989 • 61 citations

Meta-emotion philosophy and family functioning: Reply to Cowan (1996) and Eisenberg (1996).

1996 • 61 citations

Mental health, temperament, family, and friends: Perspectives on children's empathy and social perspective taking.

1987 • 60 citations

Emerging Social Regulatory Capacities as Seen in the Still-Face Situation

1990 • 59 citations

Family Emotional Expressiveness as a Predictor of Early Adolescent Social and Psychological Adjustment

1993 • 58 citations

Negative family environment as a predictor of boy's future status on measures of hostile attitudes, interview behavior, and anger expression.

1996 • 58 citations

Plasma Cortisol Levels and Behavioral States in Early Infancy

1973 • 57 citations

Family talk about feeling states and children's later understanding of others' emotions.

1991 • 57 citations

The Development of Social Expectations in Distress-Relief Sequences: A Longitudinal Study

1986 • 53 citations

Conversations about feeling states between mothers and their young children.

1987 • 53 citations

Socialization of preschoolers' emotion understanding.

1994 • 48 citations

Maternal emotional signaling: Its effect on the visual cliff behavior of 1-year-olds.

1985 • 46 citations

Ethnopsychologies: Cultural variations in theories of mind.

1998 • 44 citations

Behavior of Israeli Mothers toward Infants in Relation to Infants' Perceived Temperament

1984 • 43 citations

Social inhibition of spontaneous facial expressions in children.

1982 • 41 citations

Family economic stress and adjustment of early adolescent girls.

1993 • 41 citations

Toddlers' Reaction to Maternal Anger.

1985 • 38 citations

Behavioral genetic evidence for the importance of nonshared environment: Separate social worlds of siblings: The impact of non-shared environment on development

1994 • 35 citations

Toddler and childhood temperament: Expanded content, stronger genetic evidence, new evidence for the importance of environment.

1997 • 34 citations

The Relationship between Mothers' Encoding and Their Children's Decoding of Facial Expressions of Emotion.

1980 • 34 citations

Simulating the dynamics of genes and environment in development

1996 • 34 citations

Family socialization of emotional expression and nonverbal communication styles and skills.

1986 • 31 citations

Gender and helping behavior: A meta-analytic review of the social psychological literature.

1986 • 30 citations

Family Expressiveness and Attachment

1998 • 27 citations

Relations of moral reasoning and vicarious emotion to young children's prosocial behavior toward peers and adults.

1996 • 25 citations

Proffles of Emotional Development: Individual Differences in Facial and Vocal Expression of Emotion during the Second and Third Years of Life

1994 • 24 citations

Children's expectations of sex differences in parents' responses to sons and daughters encountering interpersonal problems

1984 • 23 citations

Social Deficits of Children with Internalizing Disorders

1988 • 23 citations

Continuity and discontinuity in infant negative and positive emotionality: Family antecedents and attachment consequences.

1991 • 22 citations

Underlying process in the socialization of emotion

1993 • 19 citations

Family expressiveness and proneness to depression among college women

1992 • 19 citations

Parents' responses to the emotional distress of their children: Relations with children's competence.

1987 • 19 citations

Sex differences in social participation.

1977 • 18 citations

Meta-emotion philosophy and family functioning: Reply to Cowan (1996) and Eisenberg (1996).

1996 • 16 citations

Untitled

1999 • 15 citations

The nature–nurture gap: What we have here is a failure to collaborate.

1993 • 14 citations

Individual differences in the reactivity of young infants.

1989 • 14 citations

Children's expression of negative affect: Reasons and methods.

1996 • 14 citations

Parental affective style risk and the family system: A social relations model analysis.

1991 • 11 citations

Infants' responses to their mothers' expressions of joy and sadness.

1988 • 9 citations

Recognition and posing of emotional expressions by abused children and their mothers.

1988 • 8 citations