Development of a whole blood assay to measure T cell responses to leprosy: a new tool for immuno-epidemiological field studies of leprosy immunity

Identification of interferon-gamma as the lymphokine that activates human macrophage oxidative metabolism and antimicrobial activity.

1983 • 1,918 citations

Direct stimulation of cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-2, IFN-γ and GM-CSF) in whole blood. I. Comparison with isolated PBMC stimulation

1992 • 469 citations

Immune responsiveness to Mycobacterium leprae and other mycobacterial antigens throughout the clinical and histopathological spectrum of leprosy.

1973 • 181 citations

A whole-blood technique for testing production of human interferon by leukocytes

1982 • 163 citations

Conjunctival Scarring in Trachoma Is Associated with Depressed Cell-Mediated Immune Responses to Chlamydial Antigens

1993 • 139 citations

Characterization of the cellular immune defect in lepromatous leprosy: a specific lack of circulating Mycobacterium leprae-reactive lymphocytes.

1971 • 135 citations

Defective gamma interferon production in leprosy. Reversal with antigen and interleukin 2.

1983 • 131 citations

Whole-blood culture technique for functional studies of lymphocyte reactivity to mitogens, antigens, and homologous lymphocytes.

1973 • 127 citations

The gamma‐interferon assay for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in cattle: conditions affecting the production of gamma‐interferon in whole blood culture

1992 • 120 citations

Evaluation of a test system for measuring cytokine production in human whole blood cell cultures

1991 • 110 citations

Microtechnique for quantitative evaluation of in vitro lymphocyte transformation.

1970 • 99 citations

A whole-blood lymphoproliferation assay for measuring cellular immunity against herpes viruses

1985 • 63 citations

Sequence and immunogenicity of the 70-kDa heat shock protein of Mycobacterium leprae.

1991 • 59 citations

T-cell recognition of the 18-kilodalton antigen of Mycobacterium leprae

1989 • 56 citations

Lymphocyte transformation using whole blood cultures: An analysis of responses

1972 • 55 citations

Isolation and characterization of the highly immunogenic cell wall-associated protein of Mycobacterium leprae.

1989 • 54 citations

A simplified microtechnique for measuring human lymphocyte proliferation after stimulation with mitogen and specific antigen

1988 • 37 citations

Cell-Mediated Immunity against Francisella Tularensis after Natural Infection

1980 • 35 citations

Gamma Interferon Production Induced by Antigens in Patients with Leprosy and American Cutaneous leishmaniasis

1987 • 22 citations

Appraisal of the total blood lymphocyte proliferation assay as a diagnostic tool in screening for tuberculosis

1992 • 21 citations

Determination of human T cell activity in response to allogeneic cells and mitogens

1986 • 14 citations

Comparison of sensitivity and specificity of purified lymphocyte and whole-blood in vitro lymphocyte stimulation assays in detection of Brucella abortus infection in cattle

1978 • 13 citations

Production of interferon gamma in cultures of whole blood obtained in the course of and after healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis

1991 • 12 citations

Variation of in vitro lymphocyte responses to M. leprae antigen in borderline tuberculoid leprosy patients.

1980 • 7 citations