Theories of Learning

The Principles of Psychology

1890 • 14,029 citations

Principles Of Gestalt Psychology

2013 • 4,295 citations

Principles of Behavior

1944 • 4,124 citations

A DYNAMIC THEORY OF PERSONALITY

1936 • 3,778 citations

Principles of topological psychology.

1936 • 3,750 citations

Personality: A Psychological Interpretation

1938 • 3,283 citations

Purposive Behavior in Animals and Men

1950 • 2,502 citations

Psychology as the behaviorist views it.

1994 • 1,731 citations

ORGANIZATION FOR PHYSIOLOGICAL HOMEOSTASIS

1929 • 1,692 citations

The reflex arc concept in psychology.

1896 • 1,684 citations

Social Learning and Imitation

1944 • 1,415 citations

Some quantitative properties of anxiety.

1941 • 1,366 citations

Testability and Meaning

1936 • 1,270 citations

The operational analysis of psychological terms.

1945 • 1,194 citations

The influence of improvement in one mental function upon the efficiency of other functions. (I).

1901 • 1,190 citations

Embryonic Development and Induction

1939 • 1,175 citations

The psychology of learning

1935 • 1,168 citations

Animal Intelligence: An Experimental Study of the Associative Processes in Animals

1898 • 1,165 citations

Mechanization in problem solving: The effect of Einstellung.

1942 • 1,105 citations

Psychology from the standpoint of a behaviorist.

1919 • 1,094 citations

On a distinction between hypothetical constructs and intervening variables.

1948 • 1,086 citations

Defining the 'field at a given time.'

1943 • 968 citations

Level of aspiration.

2004 • 896 citations

Experimentelle Studien uber das Sehen von Bewegung

1912 • 812 citations

The Psychology of Human Learning

1953 • 809 citations

A Source Book Of Gestalt Psychology

2013 • 777 citations

The Psycho-Biology of Language

1936 • 765 citations

The differential response in animals to stimuli varying within a single dimension.

1937 • 750 citations

Lectures on conditioned reflexes

1928 • 717 citations

Obliviscence during Sleep and Waking

1924 • 713 citations

The nature of discrimination learning in animals.

1936 • 713 citations

Conditioning and learning

2014 • 702 citations

Organismic achievement and environmental probability.

1943 • 698 citations

An introduction to comparative psychology

1900 • 655 citations

Reasoning in humans. II. The solution of a problem and its appearance in consciousness.

1931 • 607 citations

The Generic Nature of the Concepts of Stimulus and Response

1935 • 588 citations

An experimental study of representative factors in monkeys.

1928 • 569 citations

Studies on the telegraphic language: The acquisition of a hierarchy of habits.

1899 • 563 citations

The goal-gradient hypothesis and maze learning.

1932 • 563 citations

The Law of Effect

1927 • 555 citations

The determiners of behavior at a choice point.

1938 • 528 citations

Anatomy and the Problem of Behaviour.

1929 • 500 citations

The organism and the causal texture of the environment.

1935 • 442 citations

Introduction and removal of reward, and maze performance in rats.

1930 • 433 citations

The Organism: A Holistic Approach to Biology Derived from Pathological Data in Man.

1963 • 421 citations

The Concept of the Reflex in the Description of Behavior

1931 • 396 citations

An atmosphere effect in formal syllogistic reasoning.

1935 • 388 citations

Dynamics in Psychology

1940 • 384 citations

An experimental study of punishment.

1944 • 383 citations

Studies in the physiology and psychology of the telegraphic language.

1897 • 383 citations

Signs, Language, and Beahavior

1947 • 368 citations

Behavior: An Introduction to Comparative Psychology.

1916 • 358 citations

Studies in spatial learning. II. Place learning versus response learning.

1946 • 341 citations

The Mechanism of Vision: XV. Preliminary Studies of the Rat's Capacity for Detail Vision

1938 • 340 citations

Some preliminary experiments on vision without inversion of the retinal image.

1896 • 339 citations

The Influence of Degree of Interpolated Learning on Retroactive Inhibition and the Overt Transfer of Specific Responses

1940 • 335 citations

Two Types of Conditioned Reflex and a Pseudo Type

1935 • 331 citations

Reasoning in humans. I. On direction.

1930 • 323 citations

Emotional behavior in the rat. III. The relationship between emotionality and ambulatory activity.

1936 • 322 citations

Intelligenzprüfungen an Menschenaffen

1921 • 319 citations

Studies in spatial learning. I. Orientation and the short-cut.

1946 • 315 citations

Basic neural mechanisms in behavior.

1930 • 314 citations

Mind, mechanism, and adaptive behavior.

1937 • 310 citations

A systematic application of the concepts of generalization and differentiation to verbal learning.

1940 • 291 citations

Principles of Animal Psychology

1936 • 288 citations

The place of value in a world of facts

1938 • 288 citations

Acquisition and extinction of verbal expectations in a situation analogous to conditioning.

1939 • 280 citations

Knowledge and purpose as habit mechanisms.

1930 • 266 citations

Über den Einfluß der Erfahrung auf die Wahrnehmung von Figuren

1926 • 263 citations

The Conflict Between Aristotelian and Galileian Modes of Thought in Contemporary Psychology

1931 • 262 citations

The concept of the habit-family hierarchy and maze learning: Part II.

1934 • 262 citations

A Study of a Neglected Portion of the Field of Learning—the Development of Sensory Organization

1935 • 259 citations

Habit strength as a function of the pattern of reinforcement.

1945 • 254 citations

The Pavlovian theory of generalization.

1946 • 249 citations

Goal attraction and directing ideas conceived as habit phenomena.

1931 • 247 citations

Emotions and memory.

1943 • 245 citations

The Significance of Behavior Accompanying Conditioned Salivary Secretion for Theories of the Conditioned Response

1937 • 241 citations

Experimentelle Beiträge zur Lehre vom Gedächtniss

1900 • 240 citations

The Psychology of Arithmetic

2010 • 240 citations

The effect of the introduction of reward upon the maze performance of rats

1929 • 237 citations

The place of the conditioned-reflex in psychology.

1916 • 236 citations

Behavior Mechanisms in Monkeys

1936 • 221 citations

Psychology and the science of science.

1939 • 219 citations

An Experimental Study of Thorndike's Theory of Learning

1932 • 218 citations

DIE GEISTIGE ENTWICKLUNG DES KINDES

1922 • 216 citations

Chimpanzees: A Laboratory Colony

1945 • 214 citations

The role of secondary reinforcement in delayed reward learning.

1947 • 214 citations

Untersuchungen zur Handlungs- und Affektpsychologie

1927 • 204 citations

The effect of random alternation of reinforcement on the acquisition and extinction of conditioned eyelid reactions.

1939 • 203 citations

Experimental modification of children's food preferences through social suggestion.

1938 • 186 citations

Prediction of vicarious trial and error by means of the schematic sowbug.

1939 • 186 citations

Differential habituation to internal stimuli in the albino rat.

1933 • 186 citations

Kinæsthetic and organic sensations: Their role in the reactions of the white rat to the maze.

1907 • 185 citations

Modification of the Backlin-Kirk Combustion Chamber for Micro-Determination of Carbon and Lipoids

1933 • 183 citations

Field theory and learning.

2007 • 182 citations

Mathematico-Deductive Theory of Rote Learning.

1941 • 178 citations

Drive and Reflex Strength

1932 • 177 citations

Behavior potentiality as a joint function of the amount of training and the degree of hunger at the time of extinction.

1942 • 177 citations

The rat's speed-of-locomotion gradient in the approach to food.

1934 • 177 citations

The Rôle of Motivation in Learning: A Study of the Phenomenon of Differential Motivational Control of the Utilization of Habits

1935 • 177 citations

The problem of stimulus equivalence in behavior theory.

1939 • 176 citations

The conflicting psychologies of learning—a way out.

1935 • 174 citations

Vicarious Trial and Error at a Point of Choice: I. A General Survey of its Relation to Learning Efficiency

1938 • 172 citations

Probability as a determiner of rat behavior.

1939 • 171 citations

THE PSYCHOLOGY OF WANTS, INTERESTS AND ATTITUDES

1936 • 167 citations

The Physical Dimensions of Consciousness

1935 • 165 citations

A Qualitative (Experimental and Theoretical) Study of Productive Thinking (Solving of Comprehensible Problems)

1926 • 165 citations

Levels of aspiration in academically successful and unsuccessful children.

1940 • 164 citations

The effect of change of reward on the maze performance of rats

1928 • 162 citations

Distal focussing of perception: Size-constancy in a representative sample of situations.

1944 • 160 citations

Acquisition of motor skill: I. Quantitative analysis and theoretical formulation.

1947 • 158 citations

The Relation of the Intensity of a Need to the Amount of Perceptual Distortion: A Preliminary Report

1942 • 158 citations

A Source Book of Gestalt Psychology.

1939 • 158 citations

Retroactive and Proactive Inhibition in Retention: Evidence for a Two-Factor Theory of Retroactive Inhibition

1941 • 157 citations

The Psychology of Human Learning; An Introduction

1943 • 155 citations

Meaningful Relation and Retroactive Inhibition

1931 • 153 citations

Wish, expectation, and group standards as factors influencing level of aspiration.

1942 • 150 citations

The Mechanism of Vision: I. A Method for Rapid Analysis of Pattern-Vision in the Rat

1930 • 149 citations

Anxiety-reduction and learning.

1940 • 148 citations

The place of innate individual and species differences in a natural-science theory of behavior.

1945 • 148 citations

The influence of simultaneous hunger and thirst drives upon the learning of two opposed spatial responses of the white rat.

1946 • 147 citations

AN ASPECT OF HUMAN REASONING

1933 • 146 citations

The nature of theory construction in contemporary psychology.

1944 • 140 citations

Theoretical interpretations of learning.

2007 • 140 citations

The effect of successive interpolations on retroactive and proactive inhibition.

1945 • 140 citations

Operationism and theory in psychology.

1941 • 139 citations

The conditions of retention.

1922 • 138 citations

Basic English and its uses

1943 • 138 citations

The relationship between success and the laws of conditioning.

1937 • 138 citations

A study of the continuity of the problem-solving process.

1938 • 136 citations

Review of Animal Drive and The Learning Process.

1931 • 134 citations

Contemporary Schools of Psychology.

1931 • 134 citations

Avoidance conditioning and signal duration -- a study of secondary motivation and reward.

1942 • 134 citations

Learning without awareness of what is being learned or intent to learn it.

1934 • 132 citations

Conditioning as a principle of learning.

1930 • 130 citations

Light-aversion in the white rat

1941 • 129 citations

Outline of Psychology.

1924 • 129 citations

Reminiscence and rote learning.

1937 • 127 citations

A quantitative investigation of the delay-of-reinforcement gradient.

1943 • 125 citations

The learning of stimulus patterns by dogs.

1943 • 125 citations

An introduction to space perception

1935 • 124 citations

The Verbal Summator and a Method for the Study of Latent Speech

1936 • 122 citations

The reproduction of visually perceived forms.

1929 • 119 citations

Mental Discipline in High School Studies.

1924 • 119 citations

The distribution of associated words

1937 • 118 citations

Motivation in learning. I. Electric shock for correct response in the visual discrimination habit.

1934 • 117 citations

Conditioning and the Voluntary Control of the Pupillary Light Reflex

1933 • 115 citations

Über den Willensakt und das Temperament : eine experimentelle Untersuchung

1910 • 115 citations

Cats in a Puzzle Box

1947 • 113 citations

Modern theories of development

1933 • 112 citations

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF RIGIDITY. I. THE MEASUREMENT OF RIGIDITY IN NORMAL AND FEEBLE-MINDED PERSONS*

1941 • 110 citations

The Effects of Abstinence from Food upon Imaginal Processes: A Preliminary Experiment

1936 • 107 citations

The problem of intervening variables in molar behavior theory.

1943 • 106 citations

Meaningful similarity and interference in learning.

1946 • 103 citations

The basis of solution by chimpanzees of the intermediate size problem.

1942 • 102 citations

A disproof of the law of effect and a substitution of the laws of emphasis, motivation and disruption.

1932 • 99 citations

A quantitative theory of decision.

1943 • 94 citations

An experimental test of the sign-gestalt theory of trial and error learning.

1946 • 94 citations

Docility and purposiveness.

1918 • 94 citations

A theory of learning and transfer: I

1938 • 93 citations

The effect of delayed reward upon learning in the white rat.

1934 • 93 citations

Physiological foundations of behavior

1924 • 92 citations

The mind of a gorilla

1926 • 92 citations

Mind as an Observable Object

1911 • 88 citations

Recent studies of the level of aspiration.

1941 • 88 citations

Quantitative studies of the interaction of simple habits. I. Recovery from specific and generalized effects of extinction.

1938 • 88 citations

Reasoning in humans. III. The mechanisms of equivalent stimuli and of reasoning.

1945 • 87 citations

The Effects of Abstinence from Food upon Imaginal Processes: A Further Experiment

1937 • 87 citations

Mathematical Biophysics of the Central Nervous System

1946 • 87 citations

Effects of caffeine and benzedrine upon conditioning and extinction.

1937 • 87 citations

Conditioning as a Function of the Interval between the Conditioned and the Original Stimulus

1932 • 85 citations

Reward-expectancy in delayed responses of chimpanzees.

1937 • 84 citations

Reasoning and learning.

1931 • 84 citations

The mechanism of the assembly of behavior segments in novel combinations suitable for problem solution.

1935 • 82 citations

The course of acquisition and retention of conditioned eyelid responses in man.

1936 • 82 citations

The mental life of monkeys and apes; a study of ideational behavior

1916 • 82 citations

The behavior mechanisms concerned with problem solving.

1940 • 81 citations

The Attainment of Concepts: I. Terminology and Methodology

1946 • 79 citations

The acquisition of a trace conditioned response as a function of the magnitude of the stimulus trace.

1945 • 78 citations

Conditioning as a function of the time between conditioned and unconditioned stimuli.

1947 • 78 citations

Current trends in psychological theory.

1941 • 77 citations

Conditions of transfer of training.

1933 • 73 citations

General psychology in terms of behavior.

1927 • 73 citations

The generalization of conditioned responses. IV. The effects of varying amounts of reinforcement upon the degree of generalization of conditioned responses.

1937 • 71 citations

Spinal conduction and kinesthetic sensitivity in the maze habit.

1929 • 71 citations

Psychology; A Study of Mental Activity

1926 • 69 citations

Das Problem der Willensmessung und das Grundgesetz der Assoziation. I

1922 • 68 citations

The Effect of Practice in the Case of a Purely Intellectual Function

1908 • 68 citations

The effect of delayed reinforcement upon the differentiation of bar responses in white rats.

1943 • 67 citations

Comparative behavior of primates. VII. Capacity of monkeys to solve patterned string tests.

1934 • 67 citations

Retroactive inhibition: a review of the literature.

1935 • 65 citations

Effect of Serial Position upon Memorization

1926 • 65 citations

An experimental study of rewards

1933 • 65 citations

The Effects of Reward and Punishment on Perception

1942 • 64 citations

THE ROLE OF KINESTHESIS IN MAZE LEARNING

1936 • 64 citations

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MEMORY IN RELATION TO THE THEORY OF REPRESSION

1934 • 64 citations

An experimental test of the continuity and non-continuity theories of discrimination learning.

1945 • 64 citations

The development of behavior in chick embryos: The appearance of somatic movements

1934 • 63 citations

Forgetting of Meaningful Material during Sleep and Waking

1939 • 63 citations

Experimental studies in rote-learning theory. III. Distribution of practice with varying speeds of syllable presentation.

1938 • 63 citations

Studies in spatial learning. V. Response learning vs. place learning by the non-correction method.

1947 • 63 citations

Reënforcement of perception.

1947 • 62 citations

The Effect of Activity upon Learning and Retention in the Cockroach, Periplaneta americana

1946 • 61 citations

The Nature of Learning: In Its Relation to the Living System

1999 • 60 citations

The problem of primary stimulus generalization.

1947 • 60 citations

A theory of the action of the after-effects of a connection upon it.

1933 • 60 citations

Relations between experimentally induced muscular tension and memorization.

1939 • 60 citations

Studies of abnormal behavior in the rat. III. The development of behavior fixations through frustration.

1940 • 60 citations

Toward a dynamic psychology of cognition.

1945 • 58 citations

The need for a phenomenological system of psychology.

1941 • 57 citations

Brain mechanisms and variability: II. Variability where no learning is involved.

1937 • 57 citations

Goal Tensions and Recall: I

1938 • 56 citations

Recent advances in some concepts of conditioning.

1938 • 55 citations

Effect: a secondary principle of learning.

1946 • 54 citations

Thing constancy as measured by correlation coefficients.

1940 • 54 citations

The Influence of Caffeine and Other Factors on Certain Phenomena of Rote Learning

1935 • 54 citations

A reply to 'Sign-Gestalt or Conditioned Reflex?'

1935 • 54 citations

An experimental study of the gradient of reinforcement in maze learning.

1942 • 53 citations

Motivation in learning. VI. Escape from electric shock compared with hunger-food tension in the visual discrimination habit.

1936 • 53 citations

Time Factors in Conditioning Finger-Withdrawal

1930 • 52 citations

Studies in the effect of shock upon behavior plasticity in the rat.

1933 • 52 citations

Evidence for two opposed processes in mental growth

1935 • 52 citations

The Reliability of Rat Learning Scores from the Multiple-T Maze as Determined by Four Different Methods

1927 • 51 citations

Level of Aspiration in Relation to Some Variables of Personality: Clinical Studies

1941 • 51 citations

Quantitative studies in motivation. I. Strength of conditioning in rats under varying degrees of hunger.

1940 • 51 citations

The role of secondary reinforcement in a partial reinforcement learning situation.

1946 • 51 citations

Retroactive inhibition as a function of degree of interpolated learning.

1943 • 51 citations

Mechanisms in conditioning.

1942 • 48 citations

The psychology of controversy.

1929 • 48 citations

Reasoning in rats and human beings.

1937 • 45 citations

Errors of visual recognition and the nature of the trace.

1945 • 45 citations

Alliteration in Shakespeare's Sonnets: A Study in Literary Behavior.

2007 • 44 citations

Principles of Mental Development.

1933 • 43 citations

Extinction of conditioned psychogalvanic responses following two conditions of reinforcement.

1940 • 43 citations

Task-Orientation vs. Ego-Orientation in Learning and Retention

1946 • 42 citations

A Quantitative Estimate of Certain Types of Sound-Patterning in Poetry

1941 • 42 citations

An experimental investigation of past experience as a determinant of visual form perception.

1942 • 41 citations

Versuche zur Analyse der Entwicklung des Haftfadens bei Urodelen; ein Beispiel f�r die Induktion artfremder Organe

1931 • 41 citations

The Principle of Least Effort in Learning

1937 • 41 citations

Theories of learning.

2007 • 41 citations

A Quantitative Study of the Similarity Factor in Retroactive Inhibition

1929 • 41 citations

Latent learning—non-reward followed by food in blinds.

1940 • 41 citations

The Stimulus-Response Fallacy in Psychology.

1923 • 41 citations

The discrimination of stimulus configurations and the hypothesis of afferent neural interaction.

1945 • 40 citations

The effects of certain drugs and hormones upon conditioning.

1938 • 40 citations

Conditioning: A theory of learning in terms of stimulus, response, and association.

2007 • 40 citations

The Formation and Retention of Associations among the Insane

1917 • 40 citations

Some factors determining the degree of retroactive inhibition.

1920 • 39 citations

Conditioned Responses in the White Rat: III. Conditioning as a Function of the Length of the Period of Delay

1937 • 39 citations

Motivation in learning. IV. The function of punishment as determined by its temporal relation to the act of choice in the visual discrimination habit.

1935 • 39 citations

Motivation in learning. II. The function of electric shock for right and wrong responses in human subjects.

1934 • 39 citations

Symmetry in Visual Recall

1932 • 39 citations

Experimental studies of adaptive behavior in cats

1929 • 39 citations

The Neuro-Embryologic Study of Behavior: Principles, Perspective and Aim

1933 • 39 citations

Insight in the white rat.

1927 • 38 citations

Functional abnormalities of memory with special reference to amnesia.

1936 • 37 citations

Spaced Practice and the Maturation Hypothesis

1937 • 37 citations

Conditioned Discrimination: The Effect of Knowledge of Stimulus-Relationships

1938 • 37 citations

Preferences in the Repetition of Successful and Unsuccessful Activities as a Function of Age and Personality

1933 • 37 citations

Brain mechanisms and variability: I. Variability within a means-end-readiness.

1937 • 37 citations

The influence of past experience in visual perception.

1933 • 36 citations

Conditions and Consequences of Human Variability

1932 • 36 citations

Studies in individual differences in maze ability. VII. The specific components of maze ability, and a general theory of psychological components.

1940 • 36 citations

Psychology: The Science of Behavior

1943 • 35 citations

Changes in hunger during starvation

1937 • 35 citations

An experimental investigation of the principle of proximity in the visual perception of the rat.

1938 • 35 citations

A repetition of the Blodgett experiment on 'latent learning.'

1945 • 35 citations

Studies of Abnormal Behavior in the Rat: XVII. Guidance Versus Trial and Error in the Alteration of Habits and Fixations

1945 • 35 citations

Association as a function of time interval.

1933 • 35 citations

CHANGE AND DECAY IN THE VISUAL MEMORY IMAGE

1930 • 34 citations

Motivation in learning. VIII. Equivalent amounts of electric shock for right and wrong responses in a visual discrimination habit.

1938 • 34 citations

Retroactive inhibition as affected by conditions of learning.

1918 • 33 citations

Fixation in the rat

1932 • 33 citations

Simple trial and error learning--An empirical investigation.

1939 • 32 citations

A Comparison of the Factors of Practice and Knowledge of Experimental Procedure in Conditioning the Eyelid Response of Human Subjects

1939 • 32 citations

Rehearsal and guessing habits as sources of the 'spread of effect.'

1946 • 32 citations

Human Nature and the Social Order

1941 • 32 citations

Vectors, Cognitive Processes, and Mr. Tolman's Criticism

1933 • 32 citations

The effect of varying conditions of reinforcement upon a simple running response.

1942 • 31 citations

Measures of Strength of Conditioned Eyelid Responses

1943 • 31 citations

A Stimulus-Expectancy Need-Cathexis Psychology

1945 • 31 citations

Psychologists' misuse of the auxiliary concepts of physics and mathematics.

1944 • 30 citations

Motivation in learning. VII. The effect of an enforced delay at the point of choice in the visual discrimination habit.

1937 • 30 citations

The Influence of Voluntarily Induced Tension on Rational Problem Solving

1937 • 30 citations

Symposium on operationism: introduction.

1945 • 29 citations

The functioning of knowledge of results in Thorndike's line-drawing experiment.

1941 • 29 citations

The methods of Kurt Lewin in the psychology of action and affection.

1929 • 29 citations

The laws of association.

1931 • 29 citations

Distributed practice in motor learning: score changes within and between daily sessions.

1942 • 28 citations

Two and One-Half Year Retention of a Conditioned Response

1937 • 28 citations

The effect of frequency of reinforcement upon the level of conditioning.

1939 • 28 citations

Fixation and regression in the rat.

1942 • 27 citations

Retention and subsequent extinction of a simple running response following varying conditions of reinforcement.

1942 • 27 citations

Studies of abnormal behavior in the rat. XII. The pattern of punishment and its relation to abnormal fixations.

1943 • 27 citations

The acquisition of string-pulling by rats—conditioned response or sign-gestalt?

1937 • 27 citations

Drives toward War

1943 • 27 citations

Morale and the training of leaders.

1942 • 27 citations

VTE in rats: overlearning and difficulty of discrimination.

1942 • 26 citations

The strength of a Thorndikian response as a function of the number of practice trials.

1943 • 26 citations

The effects of certain pre-training procedures upon maze performance and their significance for the concept of latent learning.

1946 • 26 citations

The rate of extinction in maze-bright and maze-dull rats

1940 • 26 citations

An experimental analysis of a case of trial and error learning in the human subject.

1920 • 25 citations

The Effect on the Amount of Conditioning of an Interval of Time before Reinforcement

1936 • 25 citations

Studies in spatial learning. III. Two paths to the same location and two paths to two different locations.

1947 • 25 citations

Age as a factor in the recall of interrupted tasks.

1946 • 25 citations

The problem of general quantitative laws in psychology.

1942 • 25 citations

The case for the Tolman-Lewin interpretation of learning.

1943 • 25 citations

Results of Variations in Length of Memorized Material.

1922 • 25 citations

A RESTATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM OF LEARNING

1931 • 24 citations

An experimental analysis of the law of effect.

1941 • 24 citations

A theoretical derivation of latent learning.

1947 • 24 citations

Gradients of Effect

1945 • 23 citations

The retention of serial lists of adjectives over short time-intervals with varying rates of presentation.

1942 • 23 citations

Use of the stick as a tool by young chimpanzees.

1942 • 23 citations

A STUDY OF GESTALT PROBLEMS IN COMPLETED AND INTERRUPTED TASKS

1935 • 22 citations

The perception of spatial relations by the rat: A type of response not easily explained by conditioning.

1936 • 22 citations

Mathematico Deductive Theory of Rote Learning: A Study in Scientific Methodology

1972 • 22 citations

Some Factors Operating at the Moment of Resumption of Interrupted Tasks

1939 • 22 citations

Rest pauses in motor learning as related to Snoddy's hypothesis on mental growth.

1942 • 21 citations

Studies of abnormal behavior in the rat. VII. The permanent nature of abnormal fixations and their relation to convulsive tendencies.

1941 • 21 citations

The effect of sequences of indifferent stimuli on a reaction of the conditioned response type.

1927 • 21 citations

Qualitative differences in the learning of rats in a discrimination situation.

1939 • 21 citations

The role of frustration in social movements.

1942 • 21 citations

Preliminary experiments on the causal factors in animal learning.

1928 • 21 citations

Practice in the Case of Addition

1910 • 20 citations

The Determiners of Energy Expenditure in String-Pulling by the Rat

1939 • 20 citations

Experimental studies in rote-learning theory. IV. Comparison of reminiscence in serial and paired-associate learning.

1939 • 20 citations

Intensity of conditioned stimulus and rate of conditioning.

1941 • 20 citations

Delayed reaction in rats

1931 • 19 citations

Discrimination vs. learning and the schematic sowbug.

1941 • 19 citations

Success and failure in serial learning. II. Isolation and the Thorndike effect.

1946 • 19 citations

A survey and synthesis of learning theories.

1935 • 19 citations

The behavior of organisms.

1939 • 19 citations

The symbolic process.

1924 • 19 citations

Motivation in learning. V. The relative effectiveness of jumping a gap and crossing an electric grid in a visual discrimination habit.

1936 • 19 citations

The Influence of Tuition upon Ideational Learning

1928 • 19 citations

Brain mechanisms and variability. III. Limitations of the effect of cortical injury upon variability.

1937 • 18 citations

Transposition of relational responses and generalization of conditioned responses.

1938 • 18 citations

Conditioning: Outline of a systematic theory of learning.

2007 • 18 citations

Situation-and-Goal Set

1937 • 18 citations

The quest for constants.

1933 • 18 citations

Success and failure in serial learning. I. The Thorndike effect.

1946 • 18 citations

An algebraic analysis of conditioned discrimination in man.

1938 • 18 citations

Studies in spatial learning. IV. The transfer of place learning to other starting paths.

1947 • 18 citations

Retroactive inhibition; a review of the literature.

1941 • 18 citations

Mazes in Which Rats Take the Longer Path to Food

1935 • 17 citations

Serial Learning: I. Gradients of Uniformity and Variability Produced by Success and Failure of Single Responses

1937 • 17 citations

The Rate of Conditioning of Human Subjects to Single and Multiple Conditioned Stimuli

1939 • 17 citations

Conditioned responses: a classified bibliography.

1937 • 17 citations

The psychology of human learning: a bibliography.

1933 • 17 citations

Comment on the formation of discrimination habits.

1939 • 16 citations

Die psychische Tätigkeit bei der Hemmung von Willensvorgängen und das Grundgesetz der Assoziation

1916 • 16 citations

The specific processes constituting the learning function.

1939 • 16 citations

Lewin's Concept of Vectors

1932 • 16 citations

Two Studies in Retroaction: I. Influence of Partial Identity II. Susceptibility to Retroaction at Various Grade Levels

1933 • 16 citations

Dr. Hull's Principles of Behavior

1944 • 15 citations

The delayed reaction and memory in rats. I. Length of delay.

1939 • 15 citations

The Science of Psychology.

1930 • 15 citations

In defense of reasoning in rats: a reply.

1935 • 15 citations

Retroactive Inhibition as a Function of the Time of Interpolation of the Inhibitor between Learning and Recall

1946 • 15 citations

Irrelevant rewards in animal learning.

1936 • 15 citations

Learning When Frequency and Recency Factors Are Negative.

1922 • 15 citations

Choice-Point Expectancy in the Maze Running of the Rat

1934 • 15 citations

Review of The Behavior of Organisms.

1939 • 15 citations

The Influence of Symbolic Punishment and Reward Upon Strong and Upon Weak Associations

1941 • 15 citations

Retroactive inhibition as a function of the relative serial positions of the original and interpolated items.

1946 • 14 citations

Goal distance and restless activity. I. The goal gradient of restless activity.

1943 • 14 citations

A Comparative Study of Involuntary and Voluntary Conditioned Responses

1937 • 14 citations

The "Gestalt" Psychology and the "Gestalt" Movement

1930 • 13 citations

Elemental versus configural response in the chick.

1930 • 13 citations

The ego and the law of effect.

1946 • 13 citations

Reflex and Voluntary Reactions of the Eyelid

1933 • 13 citations

Motivation in learning. III. A bell signal compared with electric shock for right and wrong responses in the visual discrimination habit.

1935 • 13 citations

Flexibility of Established Habit

1936 • 13 citations

The law of effect and ego psychology.

1946 • 13 citations

The influence of success and failure on the resumption of an interrupted task.

1941 • 13 citations

A further study of the function of reward.

1942 • 13 citations

The law of effect: A round table discussion: Part I.

1938 • 12 citations

Neurocirculatory Reaction and the Recall of Unfinished and Completed Tasks

1938 • 12 citations

The comparative retention values of a maze habit, of nonsense syllables, and of rational learning.

1932 • 12 citations

Studies in the spread of effect. I. The bi-directional gradient in the performance of white rats on a linear maze.

1943 • 11 citations

The rate of learning measured at a single synapse.

1946 • 11 citations

The vertical dimensions of mind.

1936 • 11 citations

The influence of relevance and belonging.

1935 • 11 citations

An examination of the treatment of stimulus patterning in Professor Hull's Principles of Behavior.

1945 • 10 citations

An experimental study of Guthrie's theory of reinforcement.

1942 • 10 citations

The adolescence of American psychology.

1943 • 10 citations

Postremity, recency, and frequency as bases for prediction in the maze situation.

1948 • 10 citations

The psychology of human conflict: The clash of motives within the individual.

1939 • 10 citations

A study of cerebral action currents in the dog under sound stimulation.

1933 • 10 citations

Versuche über die Wirkung der Faktoren, die als Antrieb zum Erlernen einer Handlung dienen können

1918 • 9 citations

The laws of human nature

1932 • 9 citations

The influence upon learning of the quantitative variation of after-effects

1935 • 9 citations

Associative hysteresis in larval amblystoma.

1940 • 9 citations

Law and the Lawyers

1935 • 9 citations

Lewin's Topological and Vector Psychology. A Digest and a Critique.

1943 • 9 citations

Forced movement or insight

1937 • 9 citations

An eclectic view of some theories of learning.

1938 • 8 citations

CONNECTIONISM; WANTS, INTERESTS, AND ATTITUDES

1936 • 8 citations

Reminiscence and gestalt theory.

1940 • 8 citations

Review of Purposive Behavior in Animals and Men.

1933 • 8 citations

Effect of Complexity of Material upon the Form of Learning Curves

1932 • 8 citations

Hull's Principles of behavior; a special review.

1944 • 8 citations

Organismic vs. mechanistic logic.

1935 • 8 citations

The influence of primacy.

1927 • 8 citations

Mirror position and negative transfer.

1941 • 7 citations

A reply to Dr. Razran on the transposition of response in discrimination experiments.

1939 • 7 citations

General Laws of Redintegration

1928 • 7 citations

Distributed practice in verbal learning and the maturation hypothesis.

1949 • 7 citations

The dynamics of spiral movement in man.

1935 • 7 citations

Memorizing and Organizing

1941 • 7 citations

Evidence for a universal shock factor in learning.

1945 • 7 citations

Gestalt vs. Experience

1930 • 6 citations

Effect and affect in learning.

1931 • 6 citations

The field theory of learning and its educational consequences.

2007 • 6 citations

The law of effect: Part VI.

1938 • 6 citations

Expectancy vs. effect—substitution as a general principle of reinforcement.

1942 • 6 citations

Thorndike's theory of learning as Gestalt psychology.

1934 • 6 citations

Brain mechanisms and Umweg behavior.

1938 • 5 citations

Reconciliation of learning theories.

2007 • 5 citations

Man as Psychology Sees Him

1933 • 5 citations

The maturation of the college student as evidenced by retests with the national council tests.

1933 • 5 citations

Measures of Tendency-To-Continue: I. Behavior of Feebleminded and Normal Subjects following the Interruption of Activities

1941 • 5 citations

Connectionism: Present concepts and interpretations.

2007 • 5 citations

Hull's Treatment of Learning.

1944 • 5 citations

The neurology of learning.

2007 • 5 citations

The effect of cortical injury on equivalence reactions in rats.

1941 • 5 citations

A CHANGE IN THE INTERPRETATION OF THE LAW OF EFFECT

1934 • 4 citations

The problem of insightful behavior.

1933 • 4 citations

Maze learning with a differential proprioceptive cue.

1936 • 4 citations

Learning and the living system.

1930 • 4 citations

Skill and Proprioceptor Pattern

1935 • 4 citations

The oscillation function in compound trial-and-error learning.

1943 • 4 citations

The configurational psychology of learning as represented by R. H. Wheeler and F. T. Perkins, Principles of Mental Development.

1933 • 3 citations

Reynolds' repetition of Blodgett's experiment on latent learning.

1946 • 3 citations

Organizing and Memorizing: A Reply to Dr. Melton

1942 • 3 citations

Measures of individual differences in susceptibility to conditioning.

1941 • 3 citations

Connectionism: Its origin and major features.

2007 • 3 citations

Special review: Lewin's principles of topological psychology.

1937 • 2 citations

An Examination of Dr. Leeper's Review of Hull'sPrinciples of Behavior

1945 • 2 citations

Conditioned response data and the holistic point of view.

1940 • 2 citations

Review of The Nature of Learning in Its Relation to the Living System.

1934 • 1 citations

A note on system-theory.

1937 • 1 citations

What fixes the correct response?

1945 • 1 citations

Goal activity in the white rat.

1933 • 1 citations

Review of The psychology of learning.

1935 • 1 citations

Review of A Theoretical Basis of Human Behavior (Revised Edition).

1931 • 1 citations

A Set of Postulates for Educational Theory

1935 • 1 citations