Important literature on the use of adjoint, variational methods and the Kalman filter in meteorology

Stochastic Processes and Filtering Theory

1970 • 7,520 citations

Optimal Control of Systems Governed by Partial Differential Equations

1971 • 2,413 citations

The National Meteorological Center's Spectral Statistical-Interpolation Analysis System

1992 • 2,043 citations

Analysis methods for numerical weather prediction

1986 • 1,395 citations

Variational Assimilation of Meteorological Observations With the Adjoint Vorticity Equation. I: Theory

1987 • 920 citations

Data Assimilation in Meteorology and Oceanography

1991 • 919 citations

A study of the predictability of a 28-variable atmospheric model

2012 • 632 citations

Some New Mathematical Methods for Variational Objective Analysis Using Splines and Cross Validation

1980 • 558 citations

SOME BASIC FORMALISMS IN NUMERICAL VARIATIONAL ANALYSIS

1970 • 553 citations

Stochastic dynamic prediction<sup>1</sup>

1969 • 390 citations

Sensitivity theory for nonlinear systems. I. Nonlinear functional analysis approach

1981 • 377 citations

An ObJective Analysis Based on the Variational Method

1958 • 349 citations

Alternative Solutions to the Classical Vertical Velocity Problem

1970 • 346 citations

Stochastic dynamic prediction

1969 • 326 citations

Predictability and finite‐time instability of the northern winter circulation

1993 • 271 citations

Analysis of Soil Moisture from Near-Surface Parameters: A Feasibility Study

1991 • 260 citations

A Variational Continuous Assimilation Technique

1989 • 216 citations

Numerical Methods in Weather Prediction

1974 • 202 citations

Optimal Excitation of Neutral Rossby Waves

1988 • 199 citations

Conjugate-Gradient Methods for Large-Scale Minimization in Meteorology

1987 • 189 citations

Predictability of a Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Model

1991 • 171 citations

Sensitivity Analysis Using an Adjoint of the PSU-NCAR Mesoseale Model

1992 • 163 citations

An Optimal Nudging Data Assimilation Scheme Using Parameter Estimation

1992 • 145 citations

Sensitivity Analysis of a Radiative-Convective Model by the Adjoint Method

1982 • 140 citations

Four‐Dimensional Assimilation In the Presence of Baroclinic Instability

1992 • 136 citations

Small Error Dynamics and the Predictability of Atmospheric Flows

1990 • 132 citations

The second order adjoint analysis: Theory and applications

1992 • 130 citations

Numerical Experience with Limited-Memory Quasi-Newton and Truncated Newton Methods

1993 • 128 citations

Simplification of the Kalman filter for meteorological data assimilation

1991 • 122 citations

The Behavior of Forecast Error Covariances for a Kalman Filter in Two Dimensions

1991 • 117 citations

On the Source of Midlatitude Low-Frequency Variability. Part II: Nonlinear Equilibration of Weather Regimes

1988 • 107 citations

A Simple Adjoint Method of Wind Analysis for Single-Doppler Data

1992 • 101 citations

Barotropic Instability and Optimal Perturbations of Observed Nonzonal Flows

1992 • 100 citations

Fitting models to inadequate data by enforcing spatial and temporal smoothness

1988 • 94 citations

A Stochastic-Dynamic Model for the Spatial Structure of Forecast Error Statistics

1983 • 89 citations

NUMERICAL VARIATIONAL ANALYSIS FORMULATED UNDER THE CONSTRAINTS AS DETERMINED BY LONGWAVE EQUATIONS AND A LOW-PASS FILTER

1970 • 82 citations

Physical Interpretation of the Adjoint Functions for Sensitivity Analysis of Atmospheric Models

1983 • 80 citations

Assimilation of Simulated Wind Lidar Data with a Kalman Filter

1993 • 77 citations

Estimating Model-Error Covariances for Application to Atmospheric Data Assimilation

1992 • 74 citations

Proposed Inclusion of Time . Variation Terms, Observational and Theoretical, in Numerical Variational Objective Analysis

1969 • 72 citations

Variational Four-dimensional Analysis Using Quasi-Geostrophic Constraints

1987 • 70 citations

SASS Wind Ambiguity Removal by Direct Minimization. Part II: Use of Smoothness and Dynamical Constraints

1984 • 68 citations

The Effect of Serially Correlated Observation and Model Error on Atmospheric Data Assimilation

1992 • 66 citations

A Four-Dimensional Analysis Exactly Satisfying Equations Of Motion

1986 • 58 citations

A Fundamental Study of the Numerical Prediction Based on the Variational Principle

1955 • 57 citations

SASS Wind Ambiguity Removal by Direct Minimization

1982 • 52 citations

Chaos and quadri-dimensional data assimilation: a study based on the Lorenz model

1992 • 50 citations

Development of a Four-Dimensional Variational Analysis System Using the Adjoint Method at GLA. Part 1: Dynamics

1992 • 50 citations

Variational inversion of simulated TOVS radiances using the adjoint technique

1990 • 47 citations

NUMERICAL VARIATIONAL ANALYSIS WITH WEAK CONSTRAINT AND APPLICATION TO SURFACE ANALYSIS OF SEVERE STORM GUST

1970 • 46 citations

Control Of Gravitational Oscillations in Variational Data Assimilation

1993 • 45 citations

Variational assimilation of conventional meteorological observations with a multilevel primitive‐equation model

1993 • 44 citations

A Practical Approximation to Optimal Four-Dimensional Objective Analysis

1988 • 36 citations

Numerical Experiments with the Adjoint of a Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Model

1991 • 36 citations

North atlantic blocking during January 1979: Linear theory

1990 • 32 citations

The effect of model errors in variational assimilation

1992 • 32 citations

On the concept and implementation of sequential analysis for linear random fields

1968 • 32 citations

Combined Penalty Multiplier Optimization Methods to Enforce Integral Invariants Conservation

1983 • 31 citations

Variational design of finite-difference schemes for initial value problems with an integral invariant

1976 • 29 citations

Implementation of APosterioriMethods for Enforcing Conservation of Potential Enstrophy and Mass in Discretized Shallow-Water Equations Models

1981 • 28 citations

Variational Implicit Normal Mode Initialization

1989 • 26 citations

On Variational Normal Mode Initialization

1982 • 26 citations

Local error growth in a barotropic model

1992 • 26 citations

Variational Normal Mode Initialization for a Multilevel Model

1984 • 25 citations

Variational Analysis and the Slow Manifold

1981 • 24 citations

Optimal Estimation of Initial Conditions for Numerical Prediction

1965 • 24 citations

The Adjustment of Surface Wind and Pressure by Sasaki's Variational Matching Technique

1972 • 23 citations

An operational upper air analysis using the variational method

1972 • 22 citations

Forecast-Error Statistics for Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Observation Networks

1992 • 21 citations

Meteorology and Environmental Sciences

1990 • 19 citations

Weighting Initial Conditions in Variational Assimilation Schemes

1991 • 19 citations

Variational Initialization with the Balance Equation

1970 • 18 citations

A THEORETICAL INTERPRETATION OF ANISOTROPICALLY WEIGHTED SMOOTHING ON THE BASIS OF NUMERICAL VARIATIONAL ANALYSIS

1971 • 17 citations

Efficient Estimation of Feedback Effects with Application to Climate Models

1984 • 17 citations

The Variational Four-Dimensional Assimilation of Analyses Using Filtered Models as Constraints

1985 • 16 citations

Four‐Dimensional Data Assimilation: Comparison of Variational and Sequential Algorithms

1992 • 16 citations

Mathematical Issues of Industrial Effluent Optimization

1982 • 16 citations

Modelling of marine systems

1976 • 14 citations

A Comparison of the Performance of Quasi-Optimal and Conventional Objective Analysis Schemes

1973 • 12 citations

Estimation of the Cressman Term for a Barotropic Model through Optimization with Use of the Adjoint Model

1993 • 12 citations

State-Space Modeling for Atmospheric Pollution

1991 • 11 citations

Satellite Data Assimilation Using NASA Data Systems Test 6 Observations

1982 • 10 citations

Variational Implicit Normal-Mode Initialization for a Multilevel Model

1992 • 10 citations

Numerical Variational Objective Analysis of the Planetary Boundary Layer in Conjunction with Squall Line Formation

1970 • 10 citations

The Conjugate-Gradient Variational Analysis and Initialization Method: An Application to MONEX SOP 2 Data

1992 • 10 citations

On the Initialization Problem: A Variational Adjustment Method

1975 • 10 citations

The Variational Four-Dimensional Assimilation of Analyses Using Quasigeostrophic Models as Constraints

1986 • 9 citations

A Parallel Algorithm for Variational Assimilation in Oceanography and Meteorology

1992 • 9 citations

Some Experiments in Variational Normal Mode Initialization in Data Assimilation

1983 • 7 citations

An Objective Analysis of Wind Data for Energy Budget Studies

1968 • 7 citations

Diagnosis of Regional Monthly Anomalies Using the Adjoint Method. Part I: Temperature

1992 • 6 citations

Forecasting the Surface Weather Elements with a Local Dynamical-Adaptation Method Using a Variational Technique

1992 • 6 citations

Adaptation of P.D. Thompson's Scheme to the Constraint of Potential vorticity Conservation

1982 • 6 citations

Application of Optimal Control to Meteorological Problems

1986 • 5 citations

Local Skill Prediction for the ECMWF Model Using Adjoint Techniques

1993 • 5 citations

Variational Implicit Normal Mode Initialization on the Sphere

1991 • 5 citations

Assimilation variationnelle de données météorologiques en présence d'instabilité barocline

1993 • 5 citations

The Extension of P.D. Thompson' Scheme to Multiple Times

1983 • 4 citations

Transient Suppression in Optimal Sequential Analysis

1973 • 4 citations

Reply to L. M. Leslie and A. F. Bennett

1992 • 1 citations