Token-economy programmes with chronic psychotic patients: The importance of direct measurement and objective evaluation for long-term maintenance

The Token Economy: A Motivational System for Therapy and Rehabilitation.

1969 • 537 citations

THE TOKEN ECONOMY: AN EVALUATIVE REVIEW¹

1972 • 497 citations

The token economy: A motivational system for therapy and rehabilitation.

1968 • 458 citations

The nurses' observation scale for inpatient evaluation. A new scale for measuring improvement in chronic schizophrenia

1965 • 430 citations

THE MEASUREMENT AND REINFORCEMENT OF BEHAVIOR OF PSYCHOTICS¹

1965 • 376 citations

ARTIFACT, BIAS, AND COMPLEXITY OF ASSESSMENT: THE ABCs OF RELIABILITY

1977 • 354 citations

A Simple and Reliable Subclassification of Chronic Schizophrenia

1961 • 253 citations

The token economy : a review and evaluation

1977 • 230 citations

Cognitive Behaviour Modification

1977 • 209 citations

Preliminary report on the application of contingent reinforcement procedures (token economy) on a "chronic" psychiatric ward.

1968 • 193 citations

Token rewards may lead to token learning.

1974 • 167 citations

Psychosocial Treatment of Chronic Mental Patients

1978 • 166 citations

Determinants of Staff Behaviour in Long-term Care

1983 • 65 citations

Current Issues in Clinical Psychology

1983 • 51 citations

A Controlled Trial of Thiopropazate Dihydrochloride (Dartalan), Chlorpromazine and Occupational Therapy in Chronic Schizophrenics

1960 • 50 citations

Token economy systems: Breakdown and control

1973 • 45 citations

Symptom Changes in Chronic Schizophrenic Patients on a Token Economy: a Controlled Experiment

1977 • 42 citations

Ward rating scales for long-stay patients: a review

1980 • 41 citations

The token economy program in the psychiatric hospital: a review and analysis

1974 • 38 citations

A controlled evaluation of token economy procedures with chronic schizophrenic patients

1977 • 36 citations

MULTIPLE‐BASELINE ANALYSIS OF A TOKEN ECONOMY FOR PSYCHIATRIC INPATIENTS

1979 • 31 citations

Therapeutic Contract Program: Preliminary report on a behavioral alternative to the token economy

1983 • 30 citations

Nonresponsiveness of patients to token economies

1972 • 13 citations

Token reinforcement therapy with chronic psychiatric patients: A three-year evaluation

1975 • 6 citations

Is All Behaviour Modification ‘Cognitive’?

1983 • 4 citations