The Thermophysiology of Uncompensable Heat Stress

Aviat space environ med

1992 • 7,493 citations

Thermal comfort: Analysis and applications in environmental engineering

1972 • 4,352 citations

Human cardiovascular adjustments to exercise and thermal stress.

1974 • 1,619 citations

A Nomogram for Calculation of Aerobic Capacity (Physical Fitness) From Pulse Rate During Submaximal Work

1954 • 1,525 citations

Influence of body temperature on the development of fatigue during prolonged exercise in the heat

1999 • 1,064 citations

Influence of graded dehydration on hyperthermia and cardiovascular drift during exercise

1992 • 754 citations

Esophageal, rectal, and muscle temperature during exercise

1966 • 552 citations

Circadian rhythm of heat production, heart rate, and skin and core temperature under unmasking conditions in men

1994 • 535 citations

Blood volume

1991 • 434 citations

Effects on thermal stress and exercise on blood volume in humans

1985 • 429 citations

Mechanisms of thermal acclimation to exercise and heat.

1974 • 418 citations

Skin blood flow and sweating changes following exercise training and heat acclimation

1977 • 417 citations

Heat acclimation, aerobic fitness, and hydration effects on tolerance during uncompensable heat stress

1998 • 402 citations

Thermoregulatory and blood responses during exercise at graded hypohydration levels

1985 • 387 citations

Physiology of Man in the Desert

1969 • 381 citations

Physiological consequences of hypohydration: exercise performance and thermoregulation.

1992 • 379 citations

Effect of hydration state of circulatory and thermal regulations

1980 • 379 citations

Exercise and Sport Science

2000 • 359 citations

Problem

1992 • 358 citations

The Induction and Decay of Heat Acclimatisation in Trained Athletes

1991 • 342 citations

The stress of hot environments.

1972 • 336 citations

Heat Transfer in Medicine and Biology

1985 • 305 citations

Effect of hyperosmolality on control of blood flow and sweating

1984 • 274 citations

Predicting rectal temperature response to work, environment, and clothing.

1972 • 262 citations

Effect of blood volume on sweating rate and body fluids in exercising humans

1981 • 246 citations

Human tolerance to heat strain during exercise: influence of hydration

1992 • 239 citations

Physiological tolerance to uncompensable heat stress: effects of exercise intensity, protective clothing, and climate

1994 • 235 citations

Acclimatization in a hot, humid environment: body fluid adjustments

1976 • 223 citations

Fluid Replacement During Exercise

1993 • 218 citations

The physiology of heat regulation

1995 • 213 citations

Physiological responses of men and women to humid and dry heat

1980 • 212 citations

Shift in body fluid compartments after dehydration in humans

1988 • 206 citations

Physiology of Heat Regulation and the Science of Clothing

1950 • 206 citations

Role of Physical Fitness in Heat Acclimatisation, Decay and Reinduction

1977 • 190 citations

The relative influence of physical fitness, acclimatization state, anthropometric measures and gender on individual reactions to heat stress

1990 • 189 citations

Control of thermoregulatory sweating is altered by hydration level and exercise intensity

1995 • 179 citations

Risk factors predicting exertional heat illness in male Marine Corps recruits

1996 • 175 citations

Gastric emptying and intestinal absorption during prolonged severe exercise.

1967 • 172 citations

Thirst and fluid intake following graded hypohydration levels in humans

1987 • 172 citations

Influence of acclimatization on sweat sodium concentration.

1971 • 165 citations

Physiological responses of physically fit men and women to acclimation to humid heat

1980 • 162 citations

The Effects of Consuming Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Beverages on Gastric Emptying and Fluid Absorption During and Following Exercise

1987 • 158 citations

Influence of menstrual cycle on shivering, skin blood flow, and sweating responses measured at night

1985 • 155 citations

Hypohydration and exercise: effects of heat acclimation, gender, and environment

1983 • 155 citations

Body Weight Changes and Voluntary Fluid Intakes during Training and Competition Sessions in Team Sports

1996 • 153 citations

Voluntary dehydration and alliesthesia for water

1984 • 151 citations

RAPID ACCLIMATIZATION TO WORK IN HOT CLIMATES

1943 • 150 citations

Influence of menstrual cycle on thermoregulatory, metabolic, and heart rate responses to exercise at night

1985 • 147 citations

Physiological Responses to Acute Exercise-Heat Stress

1988 • 141 citations

Increase of the Amount of Hemoglobin and Blood Volume in Connection with Physical Training

1949 • 140 citations

Heat of evaporation of sweat: thermodynamic considerations.

1972 • 139 citations

Human skin wettedness and evaporative efficiency of sweating

1979 • 138 citations

Hyperhydration: tolerance and cardiovascular effects during uncompensable exercise-heat stress

1998 • 137 citations

Bioengineering, Thermal Physiology and Comfort

1981 • 136 citations

The Physiology of Exercise Under Heat Stress

1973 • 134 citations

Role of thermal and exercise factors in the mechanism of hypervolemia

1980 • 132 citations

Heat acclimation, physical fitness, and responses to exercise in temperate and hot environments

1977 • 129 citations

Heat reactions of male and female Caucasians

1965 • 128 citations

Circadian rhythm in sweating and cutaneous blood flow

1984 • 127 citations

CHANGES IN COMPOSITION OF SWEAT DURING ACCLIMATIZATION TO HEAT

1938 • 125 citations

The relative influence of body characteristics on humid heat stress response

1995 • 123 citations

Glycerol hyperhydration: hormonal, renal, and vascular fluid responses

1995 • 123 citations

Heat tolerance of exercising obese and lean women.

1969 • 122 citations

A review of comparative responses of men and women to heat stress

1985 • 120 citations

Relations between physical training, acclimatization, and heat tolerance

1969 • 120 citations

Pre-Exercise Glycerol Hydration Improves Cycling Endurance Time

1996 • 119 citations

Preacclimatization of men to heat by training

1965 • 116 citations

Thermoregulatory responses of middle-aged and young men during dry-heat acclimation

1988 • 116 citations

Heat stress in protective clothing. Interactions among physical and physiological factors.

1989 • 115 citations

Heat loss from the human head during exercise

1991 • 115 citations

Comparison of thermoregulatory function in men and women.

1969 • 114 citations

Protective clothing and heat stress

1995 • 114 citations

Increased energy cost with multiple clothing layers.

1972 • 111 citations

Increase in sweating sensitivity by endurance conditioning in man

1977 • 110 citations

Hyperhydration with glycerol solutions

1987 • 108 citations

Sex differences in physiological reactions to thermal stress

1967 • 108 citations

Gastric emptying during exercise: effects of heat stress and hypohydration

1989 • 107 citations

Comparison of thermal exchanges in men and women under neutral and hot conditions.

1975 • 107 citations

Preparing Alberto Salazar for the Heat of the 1984 Olympic Marathon

1986 • 106 citations

Responses to dry heat of men and women with similar aerobic capacities

1981 • 106 citations

Physiological Responses of Men Working in Fire Fighting Equipment in the Heat

1979 • 106 citations

Exertional heat illness in Marine Corps recruit training.

1996 • 104 citations

Blood flow and other thermoregulatory changes with acclimatization to heat

1963 • 104 citations

The influence of volume on gastric emptying and fluid balance during prolonged exercise

1991 • 103 citations

Hydration during exercise

1986 • 102 citations

Physiological consequences of intermittent exercise during compensable and uncompensable heat stress

1991 • 101 citations

3 Thermoregulation at Rest and during Exercise in Healthy Older Adults

1997 • 101 citations

The influence of exercise intensity on heat acclimation in trained subjects

1990 • 101 citations

Hyperhydration: thermoregulatory effects during compensable exercise-heat stress

1997 • 100 citations

Task categorization and the limits of human performance in extreme heat.

1982 • 100 citations

Temperature Regulation during Exercise Dehydration in Man

1970 • 100 citations

Modification of active cutaneous vasodilation by oral contraceptive hormones

1997 • 100 citations

Effects of training and acclimation on heat tolerance in exercising men wearing protective clothing

1994 • 100 citations

Heat strain models applicable for protective clothing systems: comparison of core temperature response

1997 • 98 citations

Functional and morphological changes in the eccrine sweat gland with heat acclimation

1990 • 98 citations

Influence of air velocity and heat acclimation on human skin wettedness and sweating efficiency

1979 • 97 citations

Erythrocyte, plasma, and blood volume of healthy young men

1992 • 95 citations

Acclimatization to humid heat and the role of physical conditioning.

1966 • 93 citations

Influence of the menstrual cycle and oral contraceptives on thermoregulatory responses to exercise in young women

1993 • 93 citations

Heat acclimatization by controlled hyperthermia in hot-dry and hot-wet climates.

1967 • 92 citations

Interactions of Physical Training and Heat Acclimation

1997 • 88 citations

Gastric emptying during walking and running: effects of varied exercise intensity

1989 • 88 citations

Thermal stress and human performance.

1990 • 86 citations

Alterations in blood volume following short-term supramaximal exercise

1984 • 85 citations

Control of sweating during the human menstrual cycle

1989 • 82 citations

Influence of menstrual cycle and oral contraceptives on tolerance to uncompensable heat stress

1999 • 81 citations

Control of sweating rate while exercising in the heat.

1979 • 78 citations

Work tolerance and subjective responses to wearing protective clothing and respirators during physical work

1989 • 78 citations

Aging and human heat tolerance

1997 • 77 citations

Energy cost of stepping in protective clothing ensembles

1988 • 77 citations

Heat acclimation and decline in sweating during humidity transients.

1974 • 76 citations

Effects on heat tolerance of physical training in water and on land

1982 • 75 citations

Voluntary dehydration and electrolyte losses during prolonged exercise in the heat.

1985 • 74 citations

Effects of thermal environment and chemical protective clothing on work tolerance, physiological responses, and subjective ratings

1991 • 74 citations

Sex-related differences in thermoregulatory responses while wearing protective clothing

1998 • 74 citations

Physiological responses during exercise and recovery in a football uniform

1969 • 74 citations

Influence of hydration status and fluid replacement on heat tolerance while wearing NBC protective clothing

1997 • 73 citations

Performance in relation to Environmental Temperature. Reactions of Normal Young Men to Simulated Desert Environment.

1943 • 72 citations

Effects of physical training and cardiorespiratory physical fitness on exercise-heat tolerance: recent observations.

1979 • 71 citations

A comparison of three methods of acclimatization to dry heat.

1973 • 71 citations

Eccrine Sweat Glands

1986 • 71 citations

Response of unacclimatized males to repeated weekly bouts of exercise in the heat.

1993 • 69 citations

Reflex control of skin blood flow by skin temperature: role of core temperature

1979 • 69 citations

Influence of temperature and metabolic rate on work performance with Canadian Forces NBC clothing.

1993 • 69 citations

Physiological responses to working with fire fighting equipment in the heat in relation to subjective fatigue

1989 • 68 citations

Decreased thermal conductance during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in women

1990 • 67 citations

Physiological Interactions between Pregnancy and Aerobic Exercise

1989 • 67 citations

Thermoregulation during exercise in women who are taking oral contraceptives

1996 • 67 citations

Efficiency of sweat evaporation in unacclimatized man working in a hot humid environment

1985 • 66 citations

Human Adaptation: A Functional Interpretation

1979 • 65 citations

Thermoregulation and the menstrual cycle.

1982 • 64 citations

Effects of 6 versus 12 days of heat acclimation on heat tolerance in lightly exercising men wearing protective clothing

1995 • 64 citations

Auxiliary cooling: comparison of air-cooled vs. water-cooled vests in hot-dry and hot-wet environments.

1982 • 63 citations

Effect of hidromeiosis on sweat drippage during acclimation to humid heat

1980 • 62 citations

Blood volume of middle-distance runners: effect of 2,300-m altitude and comparison with non-athletes.

1974 • 62 citations

Work-heat tolerance derived from interval training

1973 • 62 citations

Effects of metabolic rate and ambient vapour pressure on heat strain in protective clothing

1996 • 60 citations

Aerobic fitness and the hypohydration response to exercise-heat stress.

1984 • 60 citations

Physiological responses to glycerol ingestion during exercise

1991 • 60 citations

Exercise during pregnancy: maternal and fetal responses. A brief review

1985 • 59 citations

Effects of Hyperhydration on Total Body Water, Temperature Regulation and Performance of Elite Young Soccer Players in a Warm Climate

1996 • 59 citations

Peripheral modification of thermoregulatory function during heat acclimation.

1974 • 58 citations

Age-Related Changes in Natural Spontaneous Fluid Ingestion and Thirst in Humans

1992 • 57 citations

Life in deserts.

1964 • 56 citations

Physiological responses of women to thermal stress: a review.

1978 • 52 citations

Work performance at 40 degrees C with Canadian Forces biological and chemical protective clothing.

1993 • 51 citations

Efficiency of evaporative cooling from wet clothing.

1974 • 51 citations

Heat stress in protective clothing. Interactions among physical and physiological factors.

1989 • 51 citations

Physiological Effects of Heat and Cold

1947 • 50 citations

Intermittent microclimate cooling during rest increases work capacity and reduces heat stress

1994 • 50 citations

Adenosine attenuates calcium paradox injury: role of adenosine A1 receptor

1995 • 49 citations

Cardiorespiratory and thermal effects of wearing gas protective clothing

1984 • 47 citations

Recovery patterns after local muscular fatigue for different levels of isometric strength

1967 • 45 citations

Effect of exercise hemoconcentration and hyperosmolality on exercise responses

1988 • 44 citations

Early adaptations in gas exchange, cardiac function and haematology to prolonged exercise training in man

1991 • 44 citations

Protective clothing: heat exchange and physiological objectives

1988 • 41 citations

Physiologically derived critical evaporative coefficients for protective clothing ensembles

1987 • 41 citations

Thermal and circulatory responses during prolonged exercise at different levels of hydration.

1988 • 41 citations

Physique and heat tolerance in hot-dry and hot-humid environments.

1973 • 40 citations

The effects of different levels of water deficit on physiological responses during heat stress

1968 • 40 citations

Acclimatization of healthy young adult males to a hot-wet environment.

1966 • 39 citations

Involuntary Dehydration During Cricket

1993 • 39 citations

Tolerance of hot, wet environments by resting men

1965 • 38 citations

Acclimation to three different hot climates with equivalent wet bulb globe temperatures

1997 • 37 citations

HEAT ACCLIMATIZATION PATTERNS IN OBESE AND LEAN INDIVIDUALS*†

1965 • 37 citations

Energy cost of wearing chemical protective clothing during progressive treadmill walking.

1995 • 37 citations

Heat Strain in Protective Clothing Following Hot-Wet or Hot-Dry Heat Acclimation

1996 • 36 citations

Whole-body hyperhydration in endurance-trained males determined using radionuclide dilution

1996 • 36 citations

Effect of physical conditioning on state of heat acclimatization of Bantu laborers.

1969 • 35 citations

Low doses of melatonin and diurnal effects on thermoregulation and tolerance to uncompensable heat stress

1999 • 35 citations

Thermal responses during training in a temperate climate

1974 • 35 citations

Thermal strain resulting from protective clothing of an armored vehicle crew in warm conditions.

1979 • 34 citations

Influence of short-term aerobic training and hydration status on tolerance during uncompensable heat stress

1998 • 34 citations

Cognitive performance during a heat acclimatization regimen.

1983 • 33 citations

Temperature and humidity within the clothing microenvironment

1993 • 33 citations

Environmental ergonomics : sustaining human performance in harsh environments

1988 • 31 citations

Heat Load and Voluntary Tolerance Time

1954 • 31 citations

A model of evaporation from the skin while wearing protective clothing

1998 • 31 citations

Heat strain while wearing the current Canadian or a new hot-weather French NBC protective clothing ensemble.

1996 • 28 citations

A comparison of models for predicting human response to hot and cold environments

1987 • 26 citations

Heat strain in hot and humid environments.

1972 • 26 citations

Continuous and intermittent personal microclimate cooling strategies.

1995 • 25 citations

Exercise Training in Sweat Clothing in Cool Conditions to Improve Heat Tolerance

1994 • 24 citations

Oral contraceptives elevate core temperature and heart rate duringexercise in the heat

1997 • 23 citations

Clothing, assessment and effects on thermophysiological responses of man working in humid heat

1995 • 23 citations

The cardiovascular response to chronic physical exertion and exercise training: An echocardiographic review

1984 • 22 citations

Determination of clothing microenvironment volume

1987 • 22 citations

Circulatory and thermal responses of men with different training status to prolonged physical work in dry and humid heat.

1987 • 20 citations

Determining the rate of body heat storage by incorporating body composition.

1987 • 20 citations

Influence of a new vapor protective clothing layer on physical work tolerance times at 40 degrees C.

1992 • 20 citations

Interaction of menstrual cycle phase, clothing resistance and exercise on thermoregulation in women

1997 • 19 citations

THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING IN A TEMPERATE AND HOT CLIMATE ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO HEAT STRESS

1965 • 18 citations

Dynamic moisture permeation through clothing.

1988 • 17 citations

The physiological strain induced by a new low burden chemical protective ensemble.

1997 • 17 citations

Capacity of young males and females for running in desert heat.

1977 • 16 citations

Thermoregulation in women during uncompensable heat stress

1994 • 16 citations

Comparison of short-term aerobic training and high aerobic power on tolerance to uncompensable heat stress.

1999 • 16 citations

Heat Strain in the Canadian Forces Chemical Defence Clothing: Problems and Solutions

1994 • 13 citations

Hypohydration affects forearm vascular conductance independent of heart rate during exercise

1992 • 13 citations

Physical performance and heat tolerance after chronic water loading and heat acclimation.

1995 • 12 citations

Acclimatization to Severe Dry Heat by Brief Exposures to Humid Heat

1972 • 11 citations

INFLUENCE OF HYDRATION STATUS AND SHORT-TERM AEROBIC TRAINING ON TOLERANCE DURING UNCOMPENSABLE HEAT STRESS

1998 • 10 citations

Heat stress in protective clothing: validation of a computer model and the heat-humidity index (HHI).

1992 • 10 citations

Heat acclimatization while wearing vapor-barrier clothing.

1973 • 9 citations

THE EFFECTS OF HEAT ACCLIMATION ON THE HEAT STRAIN OF WORKING IN PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

1994 • 8 citations

Heat acclimatization by the prevention of evaporative cooling.

1971 • 6 citations

Differences in regional sweating responses during exercise between athletes trained on land and in water

1996 • 6 citations

Physiological Responses to Cold in Relation to the Phase of the Menstrual Cycle and Oral Contraceptives^a

1997 • 4 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations