Immunization to and Alleviation of Learned Helplessness in Man

Failure to escape traumatic shock.

1967 • 1,860 citations

Effects of inescapable shock upon subsequent escape and avoidance responding.

1967 • 1,162 citations

A Behavior System

1954 • 918 citations

Unpredictable and Uncontrollable Aversive Events

1971 • 454 citations

Depression and learned helplessness.

1974 • 399 citations

Alleviation of learned helplessness in the dog.

1968 • 281 citations

The need to predict and control under conditions of threat1

1963 • 198 citations

Learned helplessness in human subjects.

1971 • 142 citations

Task and species generality of the “helplessness” phenomenon

1969 • 71 citations

The delay-of-punishment gradient.

1959 • 69 citations

Inescapable shocks and subsequent escape/avoidance conditioning in goldfish, Carassius auratus

1970 • 55 citations

Retardation of jump-up escape responding in rats pretreated with different frequencies of noncontingent electric shock.

1972 • 37 citations

Analysis of Task Difficulty under Varying Conditions of Induced Stress

1970 • 9 citations