The Cholinergic System in Schizophrenia Reconsidered: Anticholinergic Modulation of Sleep and Symptom Profiles

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A manual of standardized terminology, techniques and scoring system for sleep stages of human subjects

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A manual of standardized terminology, techniques and scoring system for sleep stages of human subjects

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Clozapine for the Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenic

1988 • 4,030 citations

Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS)*

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Negative v Positive Schizophrenia

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Molecular pathology of schizophrenia: more than one disease process?

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Interactions between glutamatergic and monoaminergic systems within the basal ganglia-implications for schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease

1990 • 1,102 citations

THE BRIEF PSYCHIATRIC RATING SCALE

1962 • 1,091 citations

A CHOLINERGIC-ADRENERGIC HYPOTHESIS OF MANIA AND DEPRESSION

1972 • 1,077 citations

Clinical studies on the mechanism of action of clozapine: the dopamine-serotonin hypothesis of schizophrenia

1989 • 600 citations

Cholinergic Hyperactivity and Negative Schizophrenic Symptoms

1989 • 353 citations

Differential effects of amphetamine and neuroleptics on negative Vs. positive symptoms in schizophrenia

1980 • 347 citations

The Frontal Lobes, Basal Ganglia, and Temporal Lobes as Sites for Schizophrenia

1990 • 312 citations

Catecholamine uptake by synaptosomes from rat brain. Structure-activity relationships of drugs with differential effects on dopamine and norepinephrine neurons.

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Stages of onset of schizophrenic psychosis

1978 • 260 citations

New atypical antipsychotic medications

1998 • 215 citations

Plasma Homovanillic Acid as a Predictor of Response to Neuroleptics

1988 • 205 citations

Electroencephalographic Sleep Abnormalities in Schizophrenia

1992 • 193 citations

THE INHIBITION OF THE CONDITIONED RESPONSE AND THE COUNTERACTION OF SCHIZOPHRENIA BY MUSCARINIC STIMULATION OF THE BRAIN

1957 • 191 citations

THE EFFECTS OF DIISOPROPYLFLUOROPHOSPHONATE IN SCHIZOPHRENIA AND MANIC DEPRESSIVE PSYCHOSIS

1950 • 188 citations

THE NORTHWICK PARK "FUNCTIONAL" PSYCHOSIS STUDY: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT RESPONSE

1988 • 186 citations

Clozapine is a potent and selective muscarinic M4 receptor agonist

1994 • 179 citations

Dexamethasone suppression test in schizophrenia: Relationship to symptomatology, ventricular enlargement, and outcome

1991 • 171 citations

Adverse effects of anticholinergic medication on positive schizophrenic symptoms

1983 • 152 citations

Physostigmine: Effects on cognition and affect in normal subjects

1976 • 140 citations

Neuroleptic affinities for human brain receptors and their use in predicting adverse effects.

1984 • 131 citations

Antagonistic Effects of Physostigmine and Methylphenidate in Man

1973 • 131 citations

Systematic regional differences in the cholinergic innervation of the primate cerebral cortex: Distribution of enzyme activities and some behavioral implications

1986 • 130 citations

The Cholinergic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Induction Test With RS-86

1989 • 127 citations

Dopaminergic regulation of striatal acetylcholine release: importance of D1 and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.

1991 • 123 citations

Cholinergic aspects of schizophrenia

1999 • 118 citations

Muscarinic cholinergic hyperactivity in schizophrenia

1991 • 116 citations

Research diagnostic criteria (RDC)

1992 • 115 citations

Are Prophylactic Antiparkinson Drugs Necessary?

1978 • 112 citations

NEUROTRANSMITTER STUDIES OF NEUROENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY IN DEPRESSION

1980 • 109 citations

Physostigmine induction of depressive symptomatology in normal human subjects

1981 • 108 citations

Norepinephrine in Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Schizophrenia

1990 • 106 citations

Role of accumbens and cortical dopamine receptors in the regulation of cortical acetylcholine release

1999 • 103 citations

Pharmacological investigations of the cholinergic imbalance hypotheses of movement disorders and psychosis.

1978 • 100 citations

The pharmacological assessment of RS 86 (2-ethyl-8-methyl-2,8-diazaspiro-[4,5]-decan-1,3-dion hydrobromide). A potent, specific muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist

1986 • 94 citations

Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Monoamine Metabolites and Their Relation to Psychosis

1990 • 94 citations

Muscarinic m4 receptor activation by some atypical antipsychotic drugs

1997 • 93 citations

Experimental acceleration and slowing of REM sleep ultradian rhythm by cholinergic agonist and antagonist

1978 • 88 citations

Development and use of pharmacological probes of the CNS in man: evidence of cholinergic abnormality in primary affective illness.

1980 • 87 citations

Affinity and selectivity of biperiden enantiomers for muscarinic receptor subtypes

1988 • 81 citations

Muscarinic receptor subclassification and G-proteins: Significance for lithium action in affective disorders and for the treatment of the extrapyramidal side effects of neuroleptics

1989 • 80 citations

Dopaminergic Activity of the Antimuscarinic Antiparkinsonian Agents

1989 • 75 citations

Effects of Antipsychotic Treatment on Polysomnographic Measures in Schizophrenia: A Replication and Extension

1998 • 70 citations

Clozapine is a potent and selective muscarinic antagonist at the five cloned human muscarinic acetylcholine receptors expressed in CHO-K1 cells

1991 • 68 citations

Central muscarinic effects of physostigmine on mood, cardiovascular function, pituitary and adrenal neuroendocrine release

1986 • 65 citations

Effect of anticholinergics on positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

1992 • 65 citations

Transport of choline from plasma to cerebrospinal fluid in the rabbit with reference to the origin of choline and to acetylcholine metabolism in brain

1975 • 63 citations

Effect of neuroleptic treatment on polysomnographic measures in schizophrenia

1991 • 61 citations

REM inhibitory effect of L-dopa infusion during human sleep

1973 • 60 citations

STAGES OF SCHIZOPHRENIC DECOMPENSATION AND REINTEGRATION

1973 • 58 citations

Physostigmine alters onset but not duration of REM sleep in man

1978 • 55 citations

Effect of anticholinergic medication on positive and negative symptoms in medication-free schizophrenic patients

1990 • 54 citations

Anticholinergic-neuroleptic antagonism in terms of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia: implications for psychobiological subtyping

1987 • 53 citations

A dopaminergic-cholinergic mechanism in production of psychotic symptoms.

1973 • 52 citations

Scopolamine attenuates haloperidol-induced c-fos expression in the striatum

1992 • 50 citations

Cholinergic imbalance hypotheses of psychoses and movement disorders: strategies for evaluation.

1975 • 50 citations

Effects of clozapine on rat striatal muscarinic receptors coupled to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity and on the human cloned m4 receptor

1997 • 50 citations

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies following the intravenous and oral administration of the antiparkinsonian drug biperiden to normal subjects

1986 • 49 citations

Trihexyphenidyl abuse: therapeutic implications for negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

1987 • 48 citations

Differential memory function with dopaminergic versus anticholinergic treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms

1988 • 47 citations

Mutability and relationship between positive and negative symptoms during neuroleptic treatment in schizophrenia

1990 • 46 citations

Effect of scopolamine on the efflux of dopamine and its metabolites after clozapine, haloperidol or thioridazine.

1994 • 44 citations

Treatment of Negative Schizophrenic Symptoms with Trihexyphenidyl

1988 • 43 citations

Therapeutic Antagonism between Anticholinergic Antiparkinsonism Agents and Neuroleptics in Schizophrenia

1979 • 42 citations

Cholinergic hyperactivity and negative symptoms: behavioral effects of physostigmine in normal controls

1993 • 35 citations

CHOLINERGIC-ADRENERGIC HYPOTHESIS OF MANIA AND DEPRESSION

1972 • 34 citations

Biperiden effects and plasma levels in volunteers

1984 • 33 citations

Differential response of rapid eye movement sleep to cholinergic blockade by scopolamine in currently depressed, remitted, and normal control subjects

1997 • 32 citations

Dose dependent inhibition of REM sleep in normal volunteers by biperiden, a muscarinic antagonist

1991 • 32 citations

ACETYLCHOLINE TREATMENT OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

1944 • 31 citations

Characterizing Anticholinergic Abuse in Community Mental Health

1989 • 31 citations

Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep: cholinergic mechanisms

1984 • 28 citations

The Relationship of Negative Schizophrenia to Parkinsonism

1990 • 26 citations

Prediction of short-term changes in symptom severity by baseline plasma homovanillic acid levels in schizophrenic patients receiving clozapine

1997 • 26 citations

Dexamethasone Suppression Test in Schizophrenia

1986 • 25 citations

Interaction of Psychotropic Drugs with Brain Muscarinic Cholinoceptors: Similarities of Biperiden with Pirenzepine in Receptor Binding Properties

1987 • 22 citations

Antiparkinsonian agents and long‐term neuroleptic treatment

1977 • 20 citations

A placebo-controlled trial of trihexyphenidyl in unmedicated patients with schizophrenia

1994 • 20 citations

Muscarinic antagonists attenuate the increase in accumbens and striatum dopamine metabolism produced by clozapine but not by haloperidol

1991 • 20 citations

Gradual Withdrawal of Antiparkinson Medication in Chronic Schizophrenics: Any Better Than the Abrupt?

1981 • 20 citations

Relationship between DST nonsuppression and shortened REM latency in schizophrenia

1996 • 19 citations

Long-term effects of L-dopa and procyclidine on neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal and schizophrenic symptoms.

1987 • 15 citations

Effects of Atypical Antipsychotics on Polysomnographic Measures in Schizophrenia

1997 • 14 citations

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep increases by auditory stimulation reverted with biperiden administration in normal volunteers.

1991 • 7 citations

Clozapine-induced acetylcholine release in the rat prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens and striatum does not develop tolerance

1998 • 6 citations

Mutability and relationship between positive and negative symptoms during neuroleptic treatment in schizophrenia

1989 • 3 citations

Cholinergic potentiation of neuroleptic effects in the nucleus accumbens.

1983 • 3 citations

Learning social skills in psychotic patients: Gender effects

1996 • 2 citations

Polysomnographic abnormalities in schizophrenia: A replication

1996 • 1 citations