What does sexual orientation orient? A biobehavioral model distinguishing romantic love and sexual desire.

Attachment and Loss

1969 • 17,518 citations

The Handbook of Social Psychology

1969 • 12,920 citations

Patterns of Attachment: A Psychological Study of the Strange Situation

1978 • 12,319 citations

Attachment and Loss. Vol. 1. Attachment

1972 • 8,360 citations

Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process.

1987 • 6,075 citations

Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process.

1987 • 5,725 citations

The Interpersonal Theory of Psychiatry

2013 • 5,346 citations

Handbook of attachment: theory, research, and clinical applications

1999 • 5,319 citations

Exaptation—a Missing Term in the Science of Form

1982 • 4,836 citations

A secure base: parent-child attachment and healthy human development

1989 • 4,537 citations

Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions

1998 • 4,022 citations

Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: Does self-control resemble a muscle?

2000 • 3,967 citations

Attachment theory and close relationships

1998 • 3,955 citations

Affective Neuroscience

1998 • 3,626 citations

Handbook of social psychology

2004 • 3,439 citations

The Evolution of Sex

1978 • 3,074 citations

The social organization of sexuality: sexual practices in the United States

1995 • 3,042 citations

Biobehavioral responses to stress in females: Tend-and-befriend, not fight-or-flight.

2000 • 3,008 citations

Attachment and Loss: Vol.3: Loss : Sadness and Depression

1980 • 2,663 citations

THE INTERPERSONAL THEORY OF PSYCHIATRY

1954 • 2,642 citations

Loneliness: the experience of emotional and social isolation

1974 • 2,353 citations

The nature of the child’s tie to his mother 1

2018 • 2,245 citations

Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language

1996 • 2,069 citations

A triangular theory of love.

1986 • 1,995 citations

Separation: Anxiety and Anger

1973 • 1,975 citations

An Ecological Model of Female-Bonded Primate Groups

1980 • 1,956 citations

Attachment as an Organizational Framework for Research on Close Relationships

1994 • 1,938 citations

The Social Organization of Sexuality. Sexual Practices in the United States

1997 • 1,578 citations

Hormones, Brain and Behavior

2009 • 1,548 citations

Sexual Conduct: The Social Sources of Human Sexuality.

1975 • 1,534 citations

Influence of attachment styles on romantic relationships.

1990 • 1,370 citations

The Company they keep: friendship in childhood and adolescence

1996 • 1,356 citations

NEUROENDOCRINE PERSPECTIVES ON SOCIAL ATTACHMENT AND LOVE

1998 • 1,355 citations

Support seeking and support giving within couples in an anxiety-provoking situation: The role of attachment styles.

1992 • 1,215 citations

Infancy In Uganda, Infant Care and the Growth of Love

1967 • 1,153 citations

Sexual attractivity, proceptivity, and receptivity in female mammals

1976 • 1,136 citations

Homosexualities : a study of diversity among men and women

1978 • 1,053 citations

Intimate matters: a history of sexuality in America

1988 • 1,016 citations

Coming of Age in Samoa. A Psychological Study of Primitive Youth for Western Civilization.

1929 • 962 citations

OXYTOCIN MAY MEDIATE THE BENEFITS OF POSITIVE SOCIAL INTERACTION AND EMOTIONS1The purpose of this paper is to describe the neuroendocrine mechanisms of positive social interactions.1

1998 • 940 citations

Dimensions of Adult Attachment, Affect Regulation, and Romantic Relationship Functioning

1995 • 904 citations

Is There a Gender Difference in Strength of Sex Drive? Theoretical Views, Conceptual Distinctions, and a Review of Relevant Evidence

2001 • 844 citations

The Place of attachment in human behavior

1982 • 774 citations

The Female World of Love and Ritual: Relations between Women in Nineteenth-Century America

1975 • 770 citations

Gender differences in erotic plasticity: The female sex drive as socially flexible and responsive.

2000 • 752 citations

Brain Substrates of Infant–Mother Attachment: Contributions of Opioids, Oxytocin, and Norepinephrine

1998 • 688 citations

Principles and practice of sex therapy

2008 • 673 citations

Measuring passionate love in intimate relationships

1986 • 662 citations

Sexual nature, sexual culture

1995 • 620 citations

Sexual Preference: Its Development in Men and Women.

1982 • 618 citations

Physiological substrates of mammalian monogamy: The prairie vole model

1995 • 609 citations

Measurement of individual differences in adolescent and adult attachment.

2008 • 590 citations

Sexual Life of Savages in North Western Melanesia

1929 • 584 citations

The development of emotion regulation : biological and behavioral considerations

1994 • 561 citations

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth in community settings: Personal challenges and mental health problems

1993 • 550 citations

A Genetic Study of Male Sexual Orientation

1991 • 513 citations

Genetic and environmental influences on sexual orientation and its correlates in an Australian twin sample.

2000 • 511 citations

The effects of oxytocin and vasopressin on partner preferences in male and female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster).

1999 • 486 citations

Sexual identity trajectories among sexual-minority youths: gender comparisons.

2000 • 471 citations

Oxytocin Administered Centrally Facilitates Formation of a Partner Preference in Female Prairie Voles (Microtus ochrogaster)

1994 • 468 citations

Development of partner preferences in female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster): The role of social and sexual experience

1992 • 464 citations

Oxytocin activates the postpartum onset of rat maternal behavior in the ventral tegmental and medial preoptic areas.

1994 • 448 citations

Manliness and Morality: Middle-Class Masculinity in Britain and America, 1800-1940

1989 • 434 citations

A gender-specific mechanism for pair bonding: Oxytocin and partner preference formation in monogamous voles.

1995 • 432 citations

Airport separations: A naturalistic study of adult attachment dynamics in separating couples.

1998 • 428 citations

Loss: Sadness and Depression

1981 • 427 citations

Sex differences in sexual fantasy: An evolutionary psychological approach

1990 • 427 citations

Sex and the psychological tether.

1994 • 425 citations

Oxytocin and sexual behavior

1992 • 417 citations

A gender-specific mechanism for pair bonding: Oxytocin and partner preference formation in monogamous voles.

1995 • 409 citations

The Social Organization of Sexuality: Sexual Practices in the United States

1995 • 407 citations

Pair bonds as attachments: Evaluating the evidence.

1999 • 401 citations

Personal Relationships during Adolescence

1995 • 401 citations

Lust, attraction, and attachment in mammalian reproduction

1998 • 398 citations

Attachment Theory and Close Relationships

1999 • 398 citations

Psychological perspectives on lesbian and gay male experiences

1994 • 382 citations

The Integrative Neurobiology of Affiliation

2000 • 376 citations

Sexual fantasy.

1995 • 367 citations

A Typology of Styles of Loving

1977 • 347 citations

The nature of individual differences in infant–caregiver attachment.

1999 • 344 citations

The Nature of Androgen Action on Male Sexuality: A Combined Laboratory-Self-Report Study on Hypogonadal Men*

1983 • 344 citations

Dual Attraction: Understanding Bisexuality.

1995 • 333 citations

The Psychobiology of Attachment and Separation

1985 • 325 citations

The lives of lesbians, gays, and bisexuals: Children to adults

2001 • 324 citations

Central Nervous System Effects of the Neurohypophyseal Hormones and Related Peptides

1993 • 324 citations

Exotic becomes erotic: A developmental theory of sexual orientation.

1996 • 319 citations

Sexual identity, attractions, and behavior among young sexual-minority women over a 2-year period.

2000 • 315 citations

Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Identities over the LifespanPsychological Perspectives

1995 • 313 citations

The Psychology of Love

1988 • 310 citations

HIDDEN REGULATORS IN ATTACHMENT, SEPARATION, AND LOSS

1994 • 309 citations

Love and Limerence: The Experience of Being in Love

1979 • 307 citations

Preliminary Research on Plasma Oxytocin in Normal Cycling Women: Investigating Emotion and Interpersonal Distress

1999 • 299 citations

Need fulfillment, interpersonal competence, and the developmental contexts of early adolescent friendship.

1996 • 291 citations

Heritable Factors Influence Sexual Orientation in Women

1993 • 287 citations

Principles and practice of sex therapy

2007 • 281 citations

Romantic views: Toward a theory of adolescent romantic relationships.

1994 • 279 citations

Relationships among cardiovascular, muscular, and oxytocin responses during human sexual activity

1994 • 274 citations

Initiation of Coitus in Early Adolescence

1987 • 263 citations

Normative development: The ontogeny of attachment.

1999 • 254 citations

The Effects of Mother's Physical and Emotional Unavailability on Emotion Regulation

1994 • 252 citations

Just Friends: The Role of Friendship in Our Lives

1986 • 251 citations

Physiological and Endocrine Effects of Social Contact

1997 • 249 citations

Enhanced social interactions in rats following chronic, centrally infused oxytocin

1992 • 244 citations

Children of horizons: how gay and lesbian teens are leading a new way out of the closet

1993 • 241 citations

The Sexual Brain

1993 • 239 citations

Attachment in adulthood

1998 • 237 citations

Homosexuality: Research Implications for Public Policy

1991 • 235 citations

Homosexuality/heterosexuality: concepts of sexual orientation

1991 • 229 citations

Early Social Relationships: A Psychobiologist's View

1987 • 228 citations

Oxytocin facilitates the sexual receptivity of estrogen-treated female rats

1986 • 227 citations

Dual Attraction

1994 • 224 citations

Sexual Desire Disorders

1989 • 218 citations

Transitions from heterosexuality to lesbianism: The discursive production of lesbian identities.

1995 • 215 citations

Low doses of oxytocin facilitate social recognition in rats

1992 • 210 citations

Brain Systems for the Mediation of Social Separation‐Distress and Social‐Reward Evolutionary Antecedents and Neuropeptide Intermediaries^a

1997 • 210 citations

Ritualized Homosexuality in Melanesia

1984 • 208 citations

Early Social Relationships: A Psychobiologist's View

1987 • 207 citations

Ritualized Homosexuality in Melanesia.

1985 • 204 citations

A New Paradigm for Understanding Women's Sexuality and Sexual Orientation

2000 • 196 citations

The antinociceptive effect of non‐noxious sensory stimulation is mediated partly through oxytocinergic mechanisms

1993 • 193 citations

Gay, straight, and in-between: the sexology of erotic orientation

1988 • 191 citations

Intimate Matters: A History of Sexuality in America

1988 • 190 citations

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Responses to Brief Social Separation

1997 • 189 citations

Biosocial foundations for adolescent female sexuality

1986 • 186 citations

Oxytocin Facilitation of Maternal Behavior in Sheepa

1992 • 186 citations

The experience of sexual desire: Psychological correlates in a college sample

1991 • 185 citations

The Control of Deviant Sexual Behaviour by Drugs

1974 • 185 citations

Experiences of Falling in Love

1989 • 185 citations

Central administration of oxytocin modulates the infant rats response to social isolation

1991 • 184 citations

SOCIAL ISOLATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: AN ATHEROSCLEROTIC PATHWAY?

1998 • 182 citations

Oxytocin stimulates lordosis behavior in female rats

1985 • 180 citations

A Critical Examination of Stage Theories of Lesbian Identity Development

1986 • 179 citations

Sexual Desire Disorders

2012 • 174 citations

...And Then I Became Gay: Young Men's Stories

2013 • 172 citations

Paraventricular nucleus lesion prevents yawning and penile erection induced by apomorphine and oxytocin but not by ACTH in rats

1987 • 171 citations

Attachment in Rhesus Monkeys

2002 • 167 citations

The Place of Attachment in Human Mating

2000 • 163 citations

Oxytocin linked antistress effects--the relaxation and growth response.

1997 • 161 citations

College students’ incorporation of initiator and restrictor roles in sexual dating interactions

1992 • 160 citations

Development of sexual orientation among adolescent and young adult women.

1998 • 160 citations

The Politics of Sexual Identity: Sexual Attraction and Behavior among Lesbian and Bisexual Women

1992 • 160 citations

Desegregating Sexuality Research: Cultural and Biological Perspectives on Gender and Desire

2001 • 157 citations

Passionate and Companionate Love in Courting and Young Married Couples

1998 • 156 citations

Relationship between Plasma Profiles of Oxytocin and Adrenocorticotropic Hormone during Suckling or Breast Stimulation in Women

1991 • 156 citations

Oxytocin Receptors in the Central Nervous System

1992 • 155 citations

Queer by Choice: Lesbians, Gay Men, and the Politics of Identity

1995 • 151 citations

Surpassing the Love of Men

1981 • 151 citations

Research on Men and Masculinities

2003 • 150 citations

Neuroendocrine response during stress with relation to gender differences

1996 • 149 citations

Bisexuality: Some Social Psychological Issues

1977 • 146 citations

Handbook of Squirrel Monkey Research

1985 • 144 citations

The Sexual Brain

1993 • 143 citations

Oxytocin responsivity in mothers of infants: A preliminary study of relationships with blood pressure during laboratory stress and normal ambulatory activity.

2000 • 141 citations

Development of sexual orientation among adolescent and young adult women.

1998 • 141 citations

Proposed Model of Lesbian Identity Development:

1987 • 140 citations

A Selective Oxytocin Antagonist Attenuates Progesterone Facilitation of Female Sexual Behavior

1991 • 140 citations

Contributions of Psychophysiology to Research on Adult Attachment: Review and Recommendations

2001 • 139 citations

Passionate and Companionate Love

2008 • 138 citations

Attachment as Psychobiological Attunement: Being on the Same Wavelength

1985 • 138 citations

Stress and secure base relationships in adulthood.

1994 • 138 citations

Attachment theory as applied to wartime and job-related marital separation.

1993 • 134 citations

Factors in the Sex Life of Twenty-Two Hundred Women.

1931 • 132 citations

Predicting initiations and refusals of sexual activities in married and cohabiting heterosexual couples

1989 • 131 citations

Hidden Regulators in Attachment, Separation, and Loss

1994 • 129 citations

The Neurobiology of Social Affiliation and Pair Bonding

2009 • 127 citations

Explaining Diversityin the Development of Same‐Sex Sexuality Among Young Women

2000 • 127 citations

Love and Love Sickness

1980 • 125 citations

GENERIC ASPECTS OF PRIMATE ATTACHMENTS: PARENTS, OFFSPRING AND MATES

1998 • 119 citations

Oxytocin responsivity in mothers of infants: A preliminary study of relationships with blood pressure during laboratory stress and normal ambulatory activity.

2000 • 118 citations

Sexuality in Close Relationships

2006 • 117 citations

Bisexuality: A Contemporary Paradox for Women

2000 • 112 citations

The Neurobiology of Social Affiliation and Pair Bonding

2002 • 107 citations

Serotonin and neuropeptides in affiliative behaviors

1998 • 106 citations

Friendships between Women: A Critical Review

1993 • 104 citations

Oxytocin mediates acquisition of maternally associated odor preferences in preweanling rat pups.

1996 • 104 citations

Gender differences in beliefs about the causes of male and female sexual desire

1995 • 103 citations

Development and familiality of sexual orientation in females

1995 • 102 citations

Tikopia Ritual and Belief.

1968 • 100 citations

Responses of infant Titi monkeys, Callicebus moloch, to removal of one or both parents: Evidence for paternal attachment

1995 • 100 citations

Oxytocin-induced facilitation of lordosis behaviour in rats is progesterone-dependent

1987 • 99 citations

Lesbian Identities: Concepts and Issues

1995 • 97 citations

Familiality of female and male homosexuality

1993 • 94 citations

Sexuality in Close Relationships

1992 • 93 citations

Oxytocin mediates acquisition of maternally associated odor preferences in preweanling rat pups.

1996 • 92 citations

Familial aggregation of female sexual orientation

1993 • 92 citations

Men's Friendships

1992 • 89 citations

Arousal and attraction: Evidence for automatic and controlled processes.

1998 • 89 citations

What We Got Wrong About Sexual Identity Development: Unexpected Findings From a Longitudinal Study of Young Women.

2006 • 87 citations

Factors in the Sex Life of Twenty-Two Hundred Women

1930 • 86 citations

Empirical tests of sexual selection theory: Predictions of sex differences in onset, intensity, and time course of sexual arousal

1988 • 85 citations

Establishment and maintenance of preference for natural and artificial olfactory stimuli in juvenile rats.

1980 • 85 citations

Tikopia Ritual and Belief.

1968 • 84 citations

Familiarity and gender influence social preferences in prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)

1997 • 83 citations

Sexual behavior, condom use, disclosure of sexuality, and stability of sexual orientation in bisexual men

1993 • 83 citations

Passionate Love

1988 • 83 citations

Motivational Properties of Oxytocin in the Conditioned Place Preference Paradigm

1997 • 83 citations

Hypoactive sexual desire disorder: An overview.

1995 • 80 citations

The implications of homosexual identity formation for the Kinsey model and scale of sexual preference.

1990 • 79 citations

Smashing: Women’s Relationships before the Fall

1993 • 75 citations

The Evolution of Love

1981 • 75 citations

Passionate Friendships Among Adolescent Sexual-Minority Women

2000 • 74 citations

Soothing and Stress

1999 • 74 citations

Becoming a Heterosexual Adult: The Experiences of Young Women

2000 • 73 citations

Adult romantic attachment and individual differences in attitudes toward physical contact in the context of adult romantic relationships.

1998 • 73 citations

Friends and lovers

1976 • 72 citations

Hypoactive sexual desire disorder: An overview.

1995 • 70 citations

Principles and practice of sex therapy, 3rd ed.

2000 • 70 citations

Bisexual Identities

1995 • 69 citations

Gender differences in the initiation and attribution of tactile intimacy

1988 • 68 citations

Sex differences in temporal parameters of partner preference in prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)

1999 • 68 citations

Menstrual cycle phase and sexual arousability in women

1991 • 67 citations

Best Friends and Marriage: Exchange Among Women.

1991 • 67 citations

Predictors of movement toward homosexuality: A longitudinal study of bisexual men

1997 • 63 citations

Romantic Friendship: Male Intimacy and Middle Class Youth in the Northern United States, 1800-1900

1989 • 63 citations

Early Learning and the Social Bond

1997 • 63 citations

Sexual desire and the brain

1988 • 63 citations

Of lust and love: Beliefs about the role of sexual desire in romantic relationships

1998 • 62 citations

Love and Love-Sickness: The Science of Sex, Gender Difference, and Pair-Bonding.

1981 • 60 citations

Research on Sexual Orientation:

1984 • 58 citations

The Development of Sexual Orientation in Women

1999 • 58 citations

Homosexuality: research implications for public policy

1991 • 58 citations

Friendship and Attachment Among Heterosexual and Sexual-Minority Youths: Does the Gender of Your Friend Matter?

2002 • 58 citations

The evolution of female sexual desire.

1995 • 57 citations

(b) The Growth of Independence in the Young Child

1955 • 57 citations

The Behavior of Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri) in Natural Environments

1985 • 57 citations

A Relationship Perspective on Homosexuality

1990 • 57 citations

The Oregon Trail

2012 • 57 citations

Love and Sexuality

2014 • 56 citations

The American Man

1980 • 56 citations

What's in a name? Sexual self-identification among women.

1996 • 55 citations

Molecular Aspects of Monogamy

1997 • 53 citations

Comparison of the effects of the mother and an unfamiliar adult female on cortisol and behavioral responses of pre- and postweaning guinea pigs

2000 • 53 citations

Best Friends and Marriage: Exchange among Women

1990 • 52 citations

Behavior and plasma cortisol following brief peer separation in juvenile squirrel monkeys

1982 • 52 citations

Speculations Concerning the Physiological Significance of Central Oxytocin in Maternal Behavior

1992 • 51 citations

Estrogen increases affinity of oxytocin receptors in the medial preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus

1994 • 50 citations

Loneliness: The Experience of Emotional and Social Isolation

1975 • 50 citations

Responses of Free-ranging Rhesus Monkeys to a Natural Form of Social Separation. I. Parallels with Mother-Infant Separation in Captivity

1994 • 49 citations

Tikopia Ritual and Belief

1969 • 48 citations

Regulatory Mechanisms of Oxytocin‐Mediated Sociosexual Behavior

1997 • 48 citations

Breaking the Mirror:

1986 • 47 citations

Women-Identified Women

1987 • 46 citations

The Law of the Saints: A Pokomam Pueblo and Its Community Culture

1968 • 46 citations

Does the Menstrual Cycle Play a Role in Sexual Arousal?

1982 • 41 citations

Advances in Personal Relationsips: A Research Annual

1992 • 38 citations

Sexual correlates of homosexual experience: An exploratory study of college women

1977 • 38 citations

The commencement of bisexual activity in swinging married women over age thirty

1984 • 36 citations

Hormonal Modulation of Sexual Behavior and Affiliation in Rhesus Monkeys^a

1997 • 36 citations

Gay, Straight, and In-Between: The Sexology of Erotic Orientation

1989 • 35 citations

Responses of Free-Ranging Rhesus Monkeys to a Natural Form of Social Separation. I. Parallels with Mother-Infant Separation in Captivity

1994 • 33 citations

A process model of adult attachment formation.

1997 • 33 citations

"Mummies and Babies" and Friends and Lovers in Lesotho

1986 • 33 citations

“Seamless Souls”: An Introduction to Men's Friendships

1992 • 32 citations

Injection of Oxytocin into the Medial Preoptic–Anterior Hypothalamus Increases Ultrasound Production by Female Hamsters

1998 • 32 citations

Lesbian Epiphanies

2013 • 28 citations

Sexual Behavior in Same-Sexed Nonhuman Primates: Is it Relevant to Understanding Human Homosexuality?

1997 • 26 citations

Insiders’ views of marital sex: A dyadic analysis

1992 • 26 citations

Lesbian Dating and Courtship from Young Adulthood to Midlife

2000 • 26 citations

“Our Eyes Behold Each Other”: Masculinity and Intimate Friendship in Antebellum New England

1992 • 26 citations

Principles of Developmental Sexology

1997 • 23 citations

The Role of Friendship in the Development and Maintenance of Lesbian Love Relationships

1982 • 23 citations

Sexuality and Relationship Changes in Married Females Following the Commencement of Bisexual Activity

1985 • 22 citations

Friendships between women: a critical review

1993 • 21 citations

Intraventricular administration of vasopressin and oxytocin effects the steady-state levels of serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine in rat brain.

1981 • 18 citations

Is Sexual Orientation a Matter of Choice?

1997 • 16 citations

The Integrative Neurobiology of Affiliation

2000 • 15 citations

Sexual behaviour of lactating women: A preliminary communication

1983 • 15 citations

Gender-dependent dissociation between oxytocin but not ACTH, cortisol or TSH responses to m -chlorophenylpiperazine in healthy subjects

1998 • 14 citations

Breast-feeding and sexual response.

1983 • 13 citations

The Relationship Between Male-Male Friendship and Male-Female Marriage: American Indian and Asian Comparisons

1992 • 12 citations

Beyond artificial, sex-linked distinctions to conceptualize female sexuality: Comment on Baumeister (2000).

2000 • 12 citations

The menstrual cycle and response to erotic literature.

1976 • 11 citations

Oxytocin and coitus

1988 • 10 citations

Menstrual cycle phases and personality variables as related to response to erotic stimuli

1975 • 9 citations

Unconventional sexual relationships: Data about German women ages 50 to 91 years

1995 • 9 citations

Being a Lesbian and Being in Love:

1994 • 9 citations

Stress and soothing: An endocrine perspective

1998 • 9 citations

The Law of the Saints. A Pokoman Pueblo and its Community Culture

1969 • 8 citations

The menstrual cycle and response to erotic literature.

1976 • 8 citations

Homosexual behavior in nonhuman primates.

1990 • 8 citations

Sex differences in temporal parameters of partner preference in prairie voles <I>(Microtus ochrogaster)</I>

1999 • 5 citations

The Oregon Trail.

1970 • 5 citations

The Law of the Saints: A Pokoman Pueblo and Its Community Culture.

1968 • 2 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations