Differences in the Peripheral Levels of ??-endorphin in Response to Alcohol and Stress as a Function of Alcohol Dependence and Family History of Alcoholism

The ‘Trier Social Stress Test’ – A Tool for Investigating Psychobiological Stress Responses in a Laboratory Setting

1993 • 5,649 citations

The Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test: The Quest for a New Diagnostic Instrument

1971 • 3,492 citations

Naltrexone in the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence

1992 • 1,875 citations

Inheritance of Alcohol Abuse

1981 • 1,873 citations

Naltrexone and Coping Skills Therapy for Alcohol Dependence

1992 • 1,510 citations

β-Endorphin and Adrenocorticotropin Are Selected Concomitantly by the Pituitary Gland

1977 • 1,426 citations

Structure and Biosynthesis of Pro-Adrenocorticotropin/Endorphin and Related Peptides*

1980 • 859 citations

Endogenous opioid systems and alcohol addiction

1997 • 751 citations

The relation between alcohol problems and the anxiety disorders

1990 • 716 citations

Stress and alcohol use: Moderating effects of gender, coping, and alcohol expectancies.

1992 • 695 citations

Persistent High Cortisol Responses to Repeated Psychological Stress in a Subpopulation of Healthy Men

1995 • 655 citations

Naltrexone in the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence

2001 • 610 citations

Dissociation Between Reactivity of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and the Sympathetic-Adrenal-Medullary System to Repeated Psychosocial Stress

2003 • 540 citations

Alcohol and Brain Development

1987 • 525 citations

Naltrexone decreases craving and alcohol self-administration in alcohol-dependent subjects and activates the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis

2002 • 492 citations

Naltrexone and Alcohol Dependence

1997 • 424 citations

Efficacy of Naltrexone and Acamprosate for Alcoholism Treatment: A Meta‐Analysis

2001 • 394 citations

Immunocytochemical Localization of β-Endorphin-Containing Neurons in the Rat Brain

1981 • 380 citations

Stress, vulnerability and adult alcohol relapse.

1995 • 379 citations

Differential involvement of ventral tegmental mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors in modulation of basal mesolimbic dopamine release: in vivo microdialysis studies.

1993 • 369 citations

Stress and Alcohol Interaction: An Update of Human Research

1991 • 345 citations

Reinstatement of alcohol-seeking by priming injections of alcohol and exposure to stress in rats

1998 • 324 citations

A MULTICENTRE, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL OF NALTREXONE IN THE TREATMENT OF ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE

2000 • 320 citations

The role of corticotrophin-releasing factor in stress-induced relapse to alcohol-seeking behavior in rats

2000 • 314 citations

Stimulation of Endorphin Neurotransmission in the Nucleus Accumbens by Ethanol, Cocaine, and Amphetamine

2001 • 304 citations

Endogenous Opioids and Addiction to Alcohol and other Drugs of Abuse

2004 • 284 citations

A twin-family study of alcoholism in women

1994 • 282 citations

Acute and chronic ethanol treatment changes endorphin levels in brain and pituitary

1980 • 267 citations

Blunted Stress Cortisol Response in Abstinent Alcoholic and Polysubstance‐Abusing Men

2000 • 263 citations

Alcoholism and Genetics

1985 • 262 citations

Alterations in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Actively Drinking Alcoholics*

1991 • 242 citations

Effects of Naltrexone and Fluoxetine on Alcohol Self-Administration and Reinstatement of Alcohol Seeking Induced by Priming Injections of Alcohol and Exposure to Stress

1999 • 234 citations

Enhanced Sensitivity of Pituitary βEndorphin to Ethanol in Subjects at High Risk of Alcoholism

1996 • 233 citations

Pituitary-Brain Vascular Relations: A New Paradigm

1979 • 225 citations

Plasma Cortisol Levels Following Ethanol in Sons of Alcoholics and Controls

1987 • 203 citations

American Drinking Practices: Summary of Findings from a National Probability Sample. I. Extent of Drinking by Population Subgroups

1968 • 193 citations

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Functioning and Cerebrospinal Fluid Corticotropin Releasing Hormone and Corticotropin Levels in Alcoholics After Recent and Long-term Abstinence

1990 • 189 citations

5‐HYDROXYINDOLE METABOLISM IN RAT BRAIN. A STUDY OF INTERMEDIATE METABOLISM USING THE TECHNIQUE OF TRYPTOPHAN LOADING–I METHODS

1965 • 177 citations

Central Deficiency of β-Endorphin in Alcohol Addicts*

1982 • 168 citations

Salivary cortisol responses and the risk for substance abuse in prepubertal boys

1995 • 157 citations

Evidence that β-endorphin is synthesized in cells in the nucleus tractus solitarius: detection of POMC mRNA

1992 • 150 citations

Differential effects of acute and chronic ethanol treatment on particular opioid peptide systems in discrete regions of rat brain and pituitary

1983 • 146 citations

Characterization of the effects of acute ethanol administration on the release of β-endorphin peptides by the rat hypothalamus

1990 • 144 citations

The Endorphins: A Growing Family of Pharmacologically Pertinent Peptides

1983 • 143 citations

Suppression of Ethanol Responding by Centrally Administered CTOP and Naltrindole in AA and Wistar Rats

2001 • 142 citations

Central Administration of an Opiate Antagonist Decreases Oral Ethanol Self‐Administration in Rats

1999 • 138 citations

Increased Salivary Cortisol Concentrations During Chronic Alcohol Intoxication in a Naturalistic Clinical Sample of Men

2003 • 132 citations

The alcohol-preferring C57BL/6 mice present an enhanced sensitivity of the hypothalamic beta-endorphin system to ethanol than the alcohol-avoiding DBA/2 mice.

1992 • 130 citations

Lack of Efficacy of Naltrexone in the Prevention of Alcohol Relapse: Results From a German Multicenter Study

2002 • 129 citations

Family History of Alcoholism and Hypothalamic Opioidergic Activity

1998 • 125 citations

A microdialysis profile of ?-endorphin and catecholamines in the rat nucleus accumbens following alcohol administration

2003 • 123 citations

Salivary cortisol responses in prepubertal boys: the effects of parental substance abuse and association with drug use behavior during adolescence

1999 • 118 citations

An assessment of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning in non-depressed, early abstinent alcoholics

1996 • 117 citations

Effect of Ethanol on Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal System Response to Psychosocial Stress in Sons of Alcohol-Dependent Fathers

2004 • 117 citations

Saturable transport of peptides across the blood-brain barrier

1987 • 115 citations

ALCOHOL AND THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

1982 • 112 citations

Attenuated cortisol response to biobehavioral stressors in sober alcoholics.

1993 • 111 citations

Ethanol Exposure Decreases Pituitary Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Binding, Adenylate Cyclase Activity, Proopiomelanocortin Biosynthesis, and Plasmaβ-Endorphin Levels in the Rat

1986 • 110 citations

Alcohol consumption, ACTH level, and family history of alcoholism

1988 • 108 citations

Acute Alcohol Effects on Opiomelanocortinergic Regulation

1998 • 106 citations

Distribution of the mu and delta opioid binding sites in the brain of the alcohol-preferring AA and alcohol-avoiding ANA lines of rats.

1995 • 105 citations

5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid in cerebrospinal fluid in alcoholic patients under different clinical conditions

1985 • 103 citations

Dependence creating properties of lipotropin C-fragment (β-endorphin): Evidence for its internal control of behavior

1979 • 102 citations

Ethanol Modulation of Opiate Receptors in Cultured Neural Cells

1983 • 101 citations

Alcohol-induced Cushingoid syndrome.

1976 • 98 citations

Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma β-endorphin in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder

1997 • 97 citations

Electroencephalographic activity and plasma ACTH during ethanol-induced euphoria

1988 • 97 citations

Effects of Single and Repeated Exposures to Ethanol on Hypothalamic β-Endorphin and CRH Release by the C57BL/6 and DBA/2 Strains of Mice

1993 • 95 citations

An in vivo profile of β-endorphin release in the arcuate nucleus and nucleus accumbens following exposure to stress or alcohol

2004 • 93 citations

Single-Dose Ethanol Administration Activates the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Exploration of the Mechanism of Action

1989 • 92 citations

The effects of mild ethanol intoxication on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in nonalcoholic men.

1993 • 89 citations

Are Cardiovascular Responses to Behavioral Stressors a Stable Individual Difference Variable in Childhood?

1987 • 85 citations

Alcohol-induced pseudo-Cushing's disease: A study of prevalence with review of the literature

1988 • 80 citations

Content of Dynorphins and k‐Opioid Receptors in Distinct Brain Regions of C57BL/6 and DBA/2 Mice

1997 • 80 citations

Interaction between Ethanol and Stress on ACTH and β‐Endorphin Secretion

1988 • 79 citations

Effect of acute ethanol in vivo and in vitro on the β-endorphin system in the rat

1987 • 78 citations

Response of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis to Stress in the Absence and Presence of Ethanol in Subjects at High and Low Risk of Alcoholism,

2002 • 78 citations

24‐Hour Pulsatile and Orcadian Patterns of Cortisol Secretion in Alcoholic Men

1989 • 75 citations

Secretion of Anterior Pituitary Hormones in Man: Effects of Ethyl Alcohol

1975 • 70 citations

Adrenocorticotropin Responses Following Administration of Ethanol and Ovine Corticotropin‐Releasing Hormone in the Sons of Alcoholics and Control Subjects

1994 • 66 citations

Prenatal Exposure to Ethanol Alters the Ontogeny of the β‐Endorphin Response to Stress

1989 • 63 citations

Plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin in smokers who consume different numbers of cigarettes per day

2000 • 62 citations

Inbred strains of mice with variable sensitivity to ethanol exhibit differences in the content and processing of β-endorphin

1986 • 62 citations

Effects of Chronic Ethanol Treatment on the In Vitro Biosynthesis of Pro‐Opiomelanocortin and ItsPosttranslational Processing to (β‐Endorphin in theIntermediate Lobe of the Rat Pituitary

1984 • 61 citations

Chronic Ethanol Increases Proopiomelanocortin Gene Expression in the Rat Hypothalamus

1993 • 58 citations

Influence of stressors on the rewarding effects of alcohol in Wistar rats: studies with alcohol deprivation and place conditioning

2004 • 57 citations

Adrenocortical Responses and Family History of Alcoholism

1999 • 57 citations

Factors in Alcoholic Relapse *

1971 • 56 citations

Long term ethanol alters the binding of 3H-opiates to brain membranes

1983 • 55 citations

The acute effects of oral ethanol on the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis in normal human subjects

1995 • 55 citations

Enhanced activity of the beta-endorphinergic system in the anterior and neurointermediate lobe of the rat pituitary after chronic treatment with ethanol liquid diet.

1984 • 53 citations

Proopiomelanocortin Messenger RNA is Decreased in the Mediobasal Hypothalamus of Rats Made Dependent on Ethanol

1992 • 52 citations

Is withdrawal-induced anxiety in alcoholism based on β-endorphin deficiency?

2002 • 50 citations

Electrochemical evidence of increased dopamine transmission in prefkontal cortex and nucleus accumbens elicited by ventral tegmental μ‐opioid receptor activation in freely behaving rats

1995 • 50 citations

Regulation of intracellular pH by cultured opossum kidney cells

1990 • 46 citations

Plasma β-endorphin levels in chronic alcoholics

1990 • 46 citations

RAPID COMMUNICATION: PLASMA β-ENDORPHIN, BUT NOT MET-ENKEPHALIN LEVELS ARE ABNORMAL IN CHRONIC ALCOHOLICS

1992 • 46 citations

PLASMA LEVELS OF BETA-ENDORPHIN, ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE AND CORTISOL DURING EARLY AND LATE ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL

2001 • 45 citations

The effects of mild ethanol intoxication on the hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal axis in nonalcoholic men

1993 • 41 citations

Effects of Ethanol Treatment and Withdrawal on Biosynthesis and Processing of Proopiomelanocortin by the Rat Neurointermediate Lobe*

1988 • 40 citations

Estimating genetic and environmental effects of alcohol use and dependence from a national survey: a "quasi-adoption" study.

1996 • 35 citations

Differences in the Responses of the Pituitary β‐Endorphin and Cardiovascular System to Ethanol and Stress as a Function of Family History

2002 • 31 citations

Naltrexone and brief counseling to reduce heavy drinking in hazardous drinkers

2004 • 28 citations

The Role of Arginine Vasopressin in Alcohol Tolerance

1990 • 26 citations

Differential Regulation of Anterior Pituitary Corticotrope Function is Observed in Vivo but not in Vitro in Two Lines of Ethanol‐Sensitive Mice

1990 • 23 citations

Peripheral Plasma Levels of β-Endorphin in Alcoholics and Highly Trained Athletes and the Relationship to a Measure of Central Opioid Tone

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Classification of alcoholics on the basis of plasma β-endorphin concentration

1995 • 19 citations

The Genetic Epidemiology of Alcoholism1-33

1995 • 17 citations

Adrenocortical Responses and Family History of Alcoholism

1999 • 7 citations