The Cushing Syndromes: Changing Views of Diagnosis and Treatment

β-Endorphin and Adrenocorticotropin Are Selected Concomitantly by the Pituitary Gland

1977 • 1,426 citations

Common precursor to corticotropins and endorphins

1977 • 1,106 citations

The Basophil Adenomas of the Pituitary Body and Their Clinical Manifestations (Pituitary Basophilism)

1964 • 853 citations

The natural history of cushing's syndrome

1952 • 754 citations

TESTS OF PITUITARY-ADRENAL SUPPRESSIBILITY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CUSHING'S SYNDROME*

1960 • 736 citations

Characterization of the Normal Temporal Pattern of Plasma Corticosteroid Levels

1971 • 540 citations

Tissue effects of glucocorticoids

1972 • 503 citations

Radioimmunoassay of ACTH in plasma

1968 • 464 citations

CLINICAL APPLICATION OF A NEW TEST OF PITUITARY RESERVE*

1959 • 459 citations

Cause of Cushing's Syndrome in Patients with Tumors Arising from “Nonendocrine” Tissue

1962 • 360 citations

Transsphenoidal microsurgical removal of 250 pituitary adenomas

1978 • 344 citations

Results of Treatment in 108 Patients with Cushing's Syndrome

1971 • 322 citations

Cyproheptadine-Induced Remission of Cushing's Disease

1975 • 313 citations

Subclinical Adenoma of the Pituitary Gland.

1936 • 298 citations

Cushing's Disease

1978 • 297 citations

A CASE OF PLURIGLANDULAR SYNDROME: " DIABETES OF BEARDED WOMEN."

1928 • 288 citations

Clinical and Laboratory Studies of Ectopic Humoral Syndromes

1969 • 278 citations

Adrenal cortical carcinoma

1966 • 276 citations

Adrenal cortical carcinoma

1966 • 273 citations

Ectopic ACTH Production in Carcinoma of the Lung

1974 • 270 citations

EFFECT OF VARIOUS PUTATIVE NEUROTRANSMITTERS ON THE SECRETION OF CORTICOTROPHIN-RELEASING HORMONE FROM THE RAT HYPOTHALAMUS IN VITRO – A MODEL OF THE NEUROTRANSMITTERS INVOLVED

1976 • 254 citations

β-ENDORPHIN AND ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN ARE SECRETED CONCOMITANTLY BY THE PITUITARY GLAND

1978 • 242 citations

Clinical and pathophysiologic aspects of adrenocortical carcinoma

1963 • 236 citations

Results of Treating Childhood Cushing's Disease with Pituitary Irradiation

1977 • 222 citations

The ectopic ACTH syndrome.

1965 • 213 citations

PITUITARY TUMORS IN PATIENTS WITH CUSHING'S SYNDROME*

1959 • 208 citations

Reversible gonadotropin Deficiency in Male Cushing's Dusease

1977 • 205 citations

Transsphenoidal removal of pituitary microadenoma in Cushing's disease.

1978 • 200 citations

Diagnosis of Cushing's Syndrome

1965 • 197 citations

Cushing's syndrome

1961 • 174 citations

Adrenocorticotrophic and melanocyte-stimulating peptides in the human pituitary

1974 • 171 citations

Evidence for the Presence of Tumor Peptides with Corticotropin-Releasing-Factor-like Activity in the Ectopic ACTH Syndrome

1971 • 170 citations

Idiopathic Hirsutism — An Ovarian Abnormality

1976 • 168 citations

Cushing's Disease with Periodic Hormonogenesis: One Explanation for Paradoxical Response to Dexamethasone

1973 • 164 citations

Pathology of ‘nonendocrine’ tumors associated with Cushing's syndrome

1968 • 162 citations

Metyrapone in long-term management of Cushing's disease.

1977 • 159 citations

CUSHING'S SYNDROME: DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA

1966 • 147 citations

Selective Venous Sampling to Differentiate Ectopic ACTH Secretion from Pituitary Cushing's Syndrome

1977 • 146 citations

Periodic Hormonogenesis—A New Phenomenon. Periodicity in Function of a Hormone-Producing Tumor in Man¹

1971 • 145 citations

Studies on ectopic ACTH-producing tumors.II. Clinical and biochemical features of 30 cases

1975 • 142 citations

Ectopic Production of Multiple Hormones (ACTH, MSH and Gastrin) by a Single Malignant Tumor

1965 • 138 citations

Characteristics of “Big ACTH” in Human Plasma and Pituitary Extracts

1973 • 132 citations

The natural history of treated Cushing's syndrome

1971 • 129 citations

Cushing's syndrome: A prospective study of diagnostic methods

1973 • 129 citations

Sarcoma: A Possible Late Result of Effective Radiation Therapy for Pituitary Adenoma

1966 • 125 citations

The Diagnosis of Hypercortisolism. Biochemical Criteria Differentiating Patients from Lean and Obese Normal Subjects and from Females on Oral Contraceptives

1969 • 125 citations

Normal and abnormal regulation of β-MSH in man

1969 • 122 citations

Silent corticotroph cell adenoma with lysosomal accumulation and crinophagy

1978 • 120 citations

Adrenal cortical carcinoma.A study of 32 patients

1975 • 120 citations

TUMOUR AND PLASMA ACTH CONCENTRATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT THE ECTOPIC ACTH SYNDROME

1972 • 118 citations

Sleep EEG Stages and Plasma Growth Hormone Concentration in States of Endogenous and Exogenous Hypercortisolemia or ACTH Elevation

1974 • 116 citations

Treatment of Cushing's Syndrome with Trilostane (WIN 24,540), an Inhibitor of Adrenal Steroid Biosynthesis*

1978 • 114 citations

IN VIVO AND IN VITRO STUDIES OF ADRENAL SECRETIONS IN CUSHING'S SYNDROME AND PRIMARY ALDOSTERONISM*

1963 • 113 citations

Physiology of Urinary Cortisol Excretion

1964 • 111 citations

Pathogenesis of hypertension in Cushing's syndrome

1975 • 111 citations

Control of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Secretion

1966 • 108 citations

Probability Theory in the Diagnosis of Cushing's Syndrome

1964 • 107 citations

A Rapid Screening Test for Cushing's Syndrome

1965 • 106 citations

Big ACTH: Conversion to Biologically Active ACTH by Trypsin

1974 • 106 citations

Treatment of Adrenocortical Carcinoma with o,p'-DDD

1972 • 106 citations

Cushing's syndrome caused by bronchial adenomas

1968 • 105 citations

Cushing's Syndrome<subtitle>AN EVALUATION OF THE CLINICAL USEFULNESS OF URINARY FREE CORTISOL AND OTHER URINARY STEROID MEASUREMENTS IN DIAGNOSIS</subtitle>

1973 • 103 citations

Plasma ACTH and Cortisol Responses to TRF, Vasopressin or Hypoglycemia in Cushing's Disease and Nelson′s Syndrome

1977 • 103 citations

Biologic and Immunologic Characterization and Physical Separation of ACTH and ACTH Fragments in the Ectopic ACTH Syndrome

1973 • 103 citations

Primary Adrenocortical Nodular Dysplasia: A Rare Cause of Cushing's Syndrome¹

1967 • 102 citations

Pathogenesis of Hypokalemic Alkalosis in Cushing's Syndrome

1961 • 102 citations

Diagnosis of Adrenal Disease by Visualization of Human Adrenal Glands with¹³¹I-19-Iodocholesterol

1971 • 102 citations

Effect of Synthetic Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone (LH-RH) on the Release of Gonadotropins in Cushing's Disease

1975 • 97 citations

Specific Demonstration of the Human Hypophyseal Adrenocortico-Melanotropic (ACTH/MSH) Cell

1974 • 97 citations

Plasma Testosterone Profiles in Cushing's Syndrome

1977 • 96 citations

Mineralocorticoid production in hyperadrenocorticism

1971 • 95 citations

Reliability of Some Adrenal Function Tests

1959 • 94 citations

β-Endorphin Is Not Detectable in Plasma from Normal Human Subjects

1978 • 93 citations

Humoral Syndromes Associated with Cancer

1978 • 88 citations

Periodic Remission in Cushing's Disease with Paradoxical Dexamethasone Response: An Expression of Periodic Hormonogenesis

1976 • 88 citations

Multiple Hormones in a Bronchial Tumor

1974 • 88 citations

Severe Osteopenia in Young Adults Associated with Cushing's Syndrome Due to Micronodular Adrenal Disease

1974 • 87 citations

Plasma Cortisol Levels in Depression

1966 • 87 citations

CLINICAL USE OF A NEW DIAGNOSTIC AGENT, METHOPYRAPONE (SU-4885), IN PITUITARY AND ADRENOCORTICAL DISORDERS

1961 • 86 citations

Malignant Intracranial Neoplasms Following Radiation Therapy for Acromegaly

1963 • 86 citations

CORTISOL IS SECRETED EPISODICALLY IN CUSHING'S SYNDROME¹

1970 • 83 citations

Plasma ACTH Determinations in 58 Patients Before or After Adrenalectomy for Cushing's Syndrome

1966 • 82 citations

A new and superior adrenal scanning agent, NP-59.

1975 • 82 citations

Single-dose metyrapone test: review of a four-year experience.

1975 • 79 citations

Cushing's disease with cure by resection of a pituitary adenoma

1974 • 77 citations

A FUNDAMENTAL DEFECT OF ADRENOCORTICAL CONTROL IN CUSHING'S DISEASE

1968 • 76 citations

Apparently normal pituitary-adrenal suppressibility in Cushing's syndrome: dexamethasone metabolism and plasma levels.

1975 • 75 citations

Work of Digital Vasoconstriction Produced by Infused Norepinephrine in Cushing's Syndrome

1958 • 71 citations

The Testis in Cushing’S Syndrome

1974 • 68 citations

Diurnal Rhythm and Disappearance Half-Time of Endogenous Plasma Immunoreactive β-MSH (LPH) and ACTH in Man*

1978 • 66 citations

Prevalence of endocrine abnormalities in patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and in their families

1978 • 65 citations

IMMUNOREACTIVE ENDORPHINS, LIPOTROPINS AND CORTICOTROPINS IN A HUMAN NONPITUITARY TUMOR: EVIDENCE FOR A COMMON PRECURSOR

1978 • 64 citations

Aminoglutethimide in the Treatment of Cushing's Syndrome

1976 • 64 citations

Tumors of the Pituitary Gland and Infundibulum

1958 • 64 citations

o,p'DDD Therapy in Invasive Adrenocortical Carcinoma

1975 • 63 citations

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction and Potassium Metabolism in Patients with “Non-endocrine” Tumors and Cushing's Syndrome

1963 • 63 citations

Cushing's syndrome in a patient with an empty sella turcica and a microadenoma of the adenohypophysis

1976 • 62 citations

Paradoxical ACTH Response to Glucocorticoids in Cushing's Disease

1977 • 61 citations

Adrenocortical Cancer: Steroid Biosynthesis and Metabolism Evaluated by Urinary Metabolites

1962 • 61 citations

Percutaneous Adrenal Venography

1972 • 60 citations

Steroid laboratory tests in the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome

1968 • 60 citations

Plasma Levels of Immunoreactive Corticotrophin in Patients with Cushing's Syndrome

1968 • 59 citations

Cushing's Disease<subtitle>TREATMENT BY PITUITARY IMPLANTATION OF RADIOACTIVE GOLD OR YTTRIUM SEEDS</subtitle>

1973 • 59 citations

Diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome.

1996 • 58 citations

HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT FORMS OF HUMAN ACTH ARE GLYCOPROTEINS

1977 • 58 citations

Episodic Variation in Plasma Corticosteroids in Subjects with Cushing's Syndrome of Differing Etiology

1973 • 58 citations

BLOOD CORTICOTROPIN (ACTH) LEVELS IN CUSHING’S DISEASE*

1961 • 57 citations

Heavy-Particle Therapy in Acromegaly and Cushing Disease

1976 • 56 citations

Cure of Cushing's Disease by Transsphenoidal Removal of a Microadenoma from a Pituitary Gland Despite a Radiographically Normal Sella Turcica

1977 • 55 citations

Cushing Syndrome With Cyclical Edema and Periodic Secretion of Corticosteroids

1976 • 54 citations

Plasma immunoreactive corticotrophin and lipotrophin in Cushing's syndrome and Addison's disease.

1977 • 54 citations

ROENTGEN THERAPY IN CUSHING'S SYNDROME WITHOUT ADRENOCORTICAL TUMOR*

1957 • 52 citations

PLASMA 17-HYDROXYCORTICOSTEROIDS IN CUSHING'S SYNDROME*

1961 • 52 citations

Pretherapeutic Investigations with Accelerated Heavy Ions

1973 • 50 citations

EFFECTS OF GROWTH HORMONE RELEASE-INHIBITING HORMONE AND BROMOCRYPTINE (CB 154) IN STATES OF ABNORMAL PITUITARY-ADRENAL FUNCTION

1976 • 50 citations

Studies of ACTH Secretion Control in 116 Cases of Cushing's Syndrome

1975 • 49 citations

ACTH and prostaglandin receptors in human adrenocortical tumors. Apparent modification of a specific component of the ACTH-binding site.

1975 • 48 citations

Ultrasound Imaging of Adrenal Mass Lesions

1973 • 47 citations

Cushing's Syndrome and the Hypophysis

1965 • 47 citations

Hypercortisolism in Childhood: Shortcomings of Conventional Diagnostic Criteria

1975 • 46 citations

Observations and Comments on Failure of Dexamethasone Suppression

1967 • 46 citations

Osteogenic sarcoma of the skull: A rare sequela of pituitary irradiation

1972 • 46 citations

Assessment of Adrenocortical Function

1971 • 45 citations

Determination of Urinary Unconjugated Cortisol by Glass Fiber Chromatography in the Diagnosis of Cushing's Syndrome1

1963 • 45 citations

Pituitary and Plasma Lipotropins: Demonstration of the Artifactual Nature of βMSH

1977 • 44 citations

The Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones

1962 • 44 citations

Failure of Dexamethasone Suppression Test To Indicate Bilateral Adrenocortical Hyperplasia in Cushing's Syndrome

1963 • 43 citations

ORAL AND INTRAVENOUS SUPPRESSION TESTS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CUSHING'S SYNDROME

1965 • 43 citations

Iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome.

1972 • 43 citations

INTERMITTENT CUSHING'S SYNDROME WITH ANOMALOUS RESPONSE TO DEXAMETHASONE

1966 • 42 citations

Adrenalectomy in Cushing's disease. A long-term follow-up.

1972 • 42 citations

Pituitary-Adrenocortical Studies in a Patient with Cushing's Syndrome Induced by Thymoma¹

1967 • 41 citations

In VitroRelease and Biosynthesis of Tumor ACTH in Ectopic ACTH Producing Tumors

1975 • 39 citations

The diagnostic value of plasma and urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroid determinations in cushing's syndrome

1956 • 39 citations

Pituitary Function after Removal of Pituitary Microadenomas in Cushing's Disease*

1978 • 38 citations

Diagnosis and Treatment of Cushingʼs Syndrome

1962 • 38 citations

The Central Nervous System and Cushing’s Disease

1978 • 37 citations

Size Heterogeneity ofβ-MSH in Ectopic ACTH-Producing Tumors: Presence ofβ-LPH-Like Peptide

1976 • 35 citations

ACTH AS A TUMOR MARKER

1977 • 34 citations

Adenomata of the pituitary, with special reference to pituitary basophilism of cushing

1935 • 34 citations

The pituitary fossa in Cushing's syndrome. A retrospective analysis of 93 patients

1976 • 34 citations

ACTH, lipotrophin and MSH in health and disease

1977 • 33 citations

COMPARISON OF ORAL AND INTRAVENOUS DEXAMETHASONE SUPPRESSION TESTS IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF CUSHING'S SYNDROME

1973 • 32 citations

Cushing's syndrome with a paradoxical response to dexamethasone

1969 • 32 citations

Alterations in adrenal cortical function in fasting obese subjects

1965 • 32 citations

Effects of ACTH, Cortisone, Desoxycorticosterone and Epinephrine on the Plasma Hypertensinogen and Renin Concentration of Dogs

1953 • 32 citations

Pathogenesis of glucocorticoid disorders

1972 • 31 citations

SPONTANEOUS REMISSION IN A CASE OF CUSHING'S SYNDROME

1956 • 30 citations

Ectopic production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and beta-melanocyte stimulating hormone (β-MSH) by an oat cell carcinoma of the lung

1977 • 29 citations

Dexamethasone-Suppressible Adrenocortical Tumor

1968 • 27 citations

Spontaneous remission of Cushing's disease

1979 • 27 citations

Lung cancer and surgery.

1969 • 27 citations

Preoperative Tumor Localization by Adrenal Venography in Patients with Primary Aldosteronism: A Comparison with Operative Findings

1970 • 26 citations

Measurement of Plasma Cortisol in the Diagnosis of Cushing's Syndrome

1968 • 26 citations

A Brief Consideration of the Present Status of So-Called Pituitary Basophilism: With a Tabulation of Verified Cases.

1939 • 26 citations

Cushing's syndrome in infancy.

1970 • 25 citations

Spontaneous Remission of Cushing's Disease

1967 • 25 citations

Belated Recognition of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Producing Tumors in Post-Adrenalectomized Cushing’s syndrome

1974 • 24 citations

ACTH-Responsive, Dexamethasone-Suppressible Adrenocortical Carcinoma

1971 • 24 citations

Cushing's Syndrome due to Huge Adrenocortical Multinodular Hyperplasia

1975 • 23 citations

The Sella Turcica in Nelson's Syndrome

1976 • 23 citations

P<scp>art</scp> III. A<scp>ssay of</scp> ACTH PLASMA ACTH RADIOIMMUNOASSAYS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PITUITARY‐ADRENAL DYSFUNCTION*

1977 • 22 citations

Cushing's syndrome. Experience with total adrenalectomy.

1960 • 22 citations

Treatment of Nelson's syndrome by pituitary implantation of yttrium-90 or gold-198.

1976 • 21 citations

SHORT‐TERM FLUCTUATIONS IN PLASMA CORTISOL IN CUSHING'S SYNDROME

1977 • 20 citations

Abnormal Diurnal Variation of Plasma Cortisol in Patients with Renovascular Hypertension

1967 • 20 citations

Spontaneous Remission of Cushing's Syndrome in a Patient with an Adrenal Adenoma

1975 • 20 citations

The radiologic identification of functioning adrenal tumors.

1967 • 20 citations

The central nervous system and Cushing's syndrome.

1972 • 20 citations

Therapeutic Possibilities in Cushing's Syndrome

1971 • 19 citations

Surgical Management of Adrenocortical Tumors with Cushingʼs Syndrome

1971 • 19 citations

Proton-Beam Therapy

1971 • 18 citations

An Unusual Case of Cushing's Syndrome

1965 • 17 citations

Cushing's syndrome due to adrenal adenoma with persistent diurnal cortisol secretory rhythm

1978 • 17 citations

Cushing's Syndrome with Fluctuation due to Adrenal Adenoma

1975 • 17 citations

Form of Conjugation of Steroids in Urine and in the Adrenal Glands of a Patient with Cushing's Syndrome Owing to Adrenal Cortical Hyperplasia and a Basophilic Adenoma of the Pituitary Gland

1963 • 17 citations

Cushing's Syndrome in Childhood: Report of Two Cases with Bilateral Adrenocortical Hyperplasia, Showing Distinctive Clinical Features

1967 • 17 citations

Clinical testing of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system in states of hypo- and hypercortisolism

1975 • 16 citations

The evolution of Cushing's syndrome as a clinical entity.

1969 • 15 citations

The paradoxical dexamethasone response phenomenon

1969 • 15 citations

Pancreatic islet cell carcinoma with hyperinsulinism and probable, ectopic ACTH-MSH secretion.

1969 • 15 citations

Massive Steroid Excretion and Hypocholesterolemia with an Adrenal Adenoma

1974 • 15 citations

CUSHING'S SYNDROME WITH ATYPICAL BIOCHEMICAL RESULTS

1964 • 15 citations

Diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome. The differentiation between adrenocortical hyperplasia and adrenocrotical adenoma by means of lysine-vasopressin.

1969 • 15 citations

Suppression of Activity of the Adrenal Cortex by Dexamethasone in Cushing's Syndrome

1966 • 14 citations

Failure of Dexamethasone Suppression in Adrenal Hyperplasia

1966 • 14 citations

Cushing's Syndrome Associated with Galactorrhea, Amenorrhea, and Hypothyroidism: A Primary Hypothalamic Disorder

1977 • 13 citations

Cancer and the adrenal cortex.

1966 • 13 citations

Cortisol Secretion in Nelson Syndrome

1975 • 11 citations

Ein Beitrag zur klinischen Diagnostik des ektopischen ACTH-Syndroms

1968 • 11 citations

Radioimmunoassayable ACTH in Dexamethasone Nonsuppressible Cushing's Syndrome

1969 • 11 citations

HIGH-ENERGY HEAVY CHARGED PARTICLES IN MEDICINE

1969 • 7 citations

The adrenal cortex (excluding aldosteronism)

1974 • 6 citations

[Recovery or remission of Cushing's disease following long term administration of OP'DDD in seventeen patients (author's transl)].

1973 • 6 citations

Der Glutamin-Gehalt im Serum von Tumorkranken

1968 • 5 citations

Diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the adrenal cortex

1976 • 3 citations

Misleading Corticotropin Levels in Cushing's Disease

1978 • 3 citations

Pseudotumor of adrenal gland

1976 • 1 citations