Electroconvulsive therapy for schizophrenia

“Mini-mental state”

1975 • 82,784 citations

Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses

2003 • 53,662 citations

The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale

1962 • 10,683 citations

ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology

1976 • 8,729 citations

The Global Assessment Scale

1976 • 4,944 citations

Clozapine for the Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenic

1988 • 4,030 citations

Does quality of reports of randomised trials affect estimates of intervention efficacy reported in meta-analyses?

1998 • 3,578 citations

Improving the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials. The CONSORT statement

1996 • 3,395 citations

Improving the Quality of Reporting of Randomized Controlled Trials

1996 • 2,811 citations

The CONSORT Statement: Revised Recommendations for Improving the Quality of Reports of Parallel-Group Randomized Trials

2001 • 2,522 citations

Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia

1982 • 2,228 citations

Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2003 • 1,497 citations

Statistics Notes: Detecting skewness from summary information

1996 • 1,283 citations

Methods for evaluating area-wide and organisation-based interventions in health and health care: a systematic review.

1999 • 1,146 citations

Catatonia. I. Rating scale and standardized examination

1996 • 917 citations

Effects of Stimulus Intensity and Electrode Placement on the Efficacy and Cognitive Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy

1993 • 901 citations

Unpublished rating scales: A major source of bias in randomised controlled trials of treatments for schizophrenia

2000 • 873 citations

Components of Variance and Intraclass Correlations for the Design of Community-based Surveys and Intervention Studies: Data from the Health Survey for England 1994

1999 • 857 citations

Neuroleptics and the Natural Course of Schizophrenia

1991 • 777 citations

Trials randomised in clusters

1997 • 771 citations

The unit of analysis error in studies about physicians’ patient care behavior

1992 • 770 citations

A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind Comparison of Bilateral and Right Unilateral Electroconvulsive Therapy at Different Stimulus Intensities

2000 • 761 citations

Issues in the meta‐analysis of cluster randomized trials

2002 • 752 citations

Continuation Pharmacotherapy in the Prevention of Relapse Following Electroconvulsive Therapy

2001 • 645 citations

Neuropsychiatric applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation: a meta analysis

2002 • 512 citations

Patients' perspectives on electroconvulsive therapy: systematic review

2003 • 463 citations

Clinicians' Judgments of Mental Health

1962 • 460 citations

Content and quality of 2000 controlled trials in schizophrenia over 50 years

1998 • 369 citations

The Impact of Medication Resistance and Continuation Pharmacotherapy on Relapse following Response to Electroconvulsive Therapy in Major Depression

1990 • 343 citations

Stimulus Intensity, Seizure Threshold, and Seizure Duration

1991 • 314 citations

Continuation drug therapy for major depressive episodes: how long should it be maintained?

1986 • 291 citations

Effects of electrode placement on the efficacy of titrated, low-dose ECT

1987 • 288 citations

Does ECT alter brain structure?

1994 • 275 citations

Medication resistance and clinical response to electroconvulsive therapy

1990 • 251 citations

Commentary from Westminster

1984 • 246 citations

Effects of Stimulus Parameters on Cognitive Side Effects

1986 • 245 citations

The Classification of Endogenous Psychoses

1979 • 223 citations

The Hippocampus in Patients Treated With Electroconvulsive Therapy

2000 • 212 citations

The "half-age" stimulation strategy for ECT dosing.

1996 • 194 citations

The Present Status of Electroconvulsive Therapy

1981 • 192 citations

Deep Brain Stimulation for Psychiatric Disorders

2004 • 160 citations

Schizophrenia—A Follow-up Study of Results of Treatment

1976 • 158 citations

Electroconvulsive therapy: results in depressive illness from the Leicestershire trial.

1984 • 157 citations

Schizophrenia

1981 • 152 citations

ECT FOR SCHIZOPHRENIA

1980 • 135 citations

A Double-Blind Controlled Comparison of the Therapeutic Effects of Low and High Energy Electroconvulsive Therapies

1982 • 131 citations

Antidepressant and cognitive effects of twice- versus three-times- weekly ECT

1995 • 127 citations

Continuation ECT in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia

1999 • 125 citations

Convulsive Therapy in Schizophrenia?

1996 • 122 citations

EVALUATION OF CONVULSIVE AND SUBCONVULSIVE SHOCK THERAPIES UTILIZING A CONTROL GROUP

1956 • 110 citations

Diagnosis and Prognosis of Schizophrenia

1960 • 105 citations

Combined Electroconvulsive-Clozapine Therapy

2000 • 104 citations

Continuation and Maintenance ECT: A Review of Recent Research

2002 • 97 citations

The use of ECT in the treatment of schizophrenia

1980 • 93 citations

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

2002 • 93 citations

The effects of ECT stimulus dose and electrode placement on the Ictal electroencephalogram: An intraindividual crossover study

1993 • 91 citations

Talking Politics

1973 • 89 citations

Treatment of Schizophrenia

1967 • 83 citations

Cochrane Reviewers' Handbook 4.2.2 (updated December 2003)

2004 • 75 citations

Maintenance Electroconvulsive Therapy in Affective and Schizoaffective Disorder

2001 • 75 citations

Leicester ECT Trial: Results in Schizophrenia

1985 • 74 citations

Electroconvulsive Therapy

1993 • 72 citations

The Efficacy of Electroconvulsive Therapy in the Treatment of Schizophrenia

1987 • 69 citations

Schizophrenia—A Follow-up Study of Results of Treatment

1976 • 68 citations

ADMITTING SCHIZOPHRENIC MOTHERS WITH THEIR BABIES

1961 • 68 citations

A COMPARISON BETWEEN UNIDIRECTIONAL CURRENT NONCONVULSIVE ELECTRICAL STIMULATION GIVEN WITH REITER'S MACHINE, STANDARD ALTERNATING CURRENT ELECTROSHOCK (CERLETTI METHOD), AND PENTOTHAL IN CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA

1953 • 67 citations

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SELECTED ANTIDEPRESSANT MEDICATIONS AND EST

1962 • 67 citations

Impact of the Antipsychiatry Movement on the Revival of Electroconvulsive Therapy in the United States

1991 • 66 citations

Cost and benefit in the choice of ECT schedule

1998 • 66 citations

ECT-CHLORPROMAZINE AND CHLORPROMAZINE COMPARED IN THE TREATMENT OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

1967 • 64 citations

Relative Effectiveness of Various Components of Electroconvulsive Therapy

1959 • 64 citations

Electroconvulsive Therapy in the Treatment-Resistant Patient

1991 • 63 citations

Propofol and Methohexital as Anesthetic Agents for Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

1998 • 63 citations

COMPARISON OF ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY WITH UNILATERAL AND BILATERAL STIMULATION

1970 • 62 citations

Short-Term Effect of Combined ECT and Neuroleptic Therapy in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia

1999 • 61 citations

Adjunctive Treatments in Schizophrenia: Pharmacotherapies and Electroconvulsive Therapy

1995 • 58 citations

The clinical research base for the treatment of schizophrenia.

1993 • 56 citations

Measurement of improvement in "mental illness."

1959 • 53 citations

Quality of life and function after electroconvulsive therapy

2004 • 52 citations

Concurrent Administration of Clozapine and ECT

1998 • 51 citations

Electroconvulsive therapy in Lorazepam non-responsive catatonia.

2003 • 51 citations

Experimental studies of the electroshock process.

1958 • 51 citations

ECT/chlorpromazine combination versus chlorpromazine alone in acutely schizophrenic patients.

1982 • 51 citations

Neuroleptic-resistant schizophrenia treated with clozapine and ECT.

1996 • 50 citations

The ECT handbook : the second report of the Royal College of Psychiatrists' Special Committee on ECT

1995 • 47 citations

A long term follow-up of schizophrenics treated with regressive ECT.

1977 • 47 citations

The combined use of neuroleptics and ECT in drug resistant schizophrenic patients.

1986 • 46 citations

Vagus nerve stimulation in depression

2001 • 46 citations

Combined Clozapine and Electroconvulsive Therapy.

1993 • 45 citations

Elective combined electroconvulsive and clozapine therapy

1999 • 45 citations

The Effect of Short-Term Electroconvulsive Treatment Plus Neuroleptics in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder.

1993 • 44 citations

Effectiveness of ECT Combined with Risperidone Against Aggression in Schizophrenia

2001 • 44 citations

Maintenance Electroconvulsive Therapy

1991 • 44 citations

COMPARISON OF FOUR REGIMENS IN NEWLY ADMITTED FEMALE SCHIZOPHRENICS

1964 • 44 citations

A Study of Factors Associated with Response to Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients with Schizophrenic Symptoms

1989 • 44 citations

A Comparison of Chlorpromazine and EST in Treatment of Acute Schizophrenic and Manic Reactions

1959 • 42 citations

A Symptom Rating Scale for Use with Psychotic Patients

1959 • 42 citations

Electroconvulsive Therapy and Neuroleptic Medication in Therapy-Resistant Positive-Symptom Psychosis.

1987 • 42 citations

Efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a prospective open trial

2003 • 41 citations

The Effects of Regressive ECT with Process Schizophrenics

1973 • 41 citations

EFFECT OF LIDOCAINE ON THE SEIZURE DISCHARGE IN ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY

1960 • 39 citations

Combining Clozapine with ECT.

1992 • 38 citations

Effects of stimulus intensity on the efficacy of bilateral ECT in schizophrenia: a preliminary study

2000 • 38 citations

Naturalistic comparative study of outcome and cognitive effects of unmodified electro-convulsive therapy in schizophrenia, mania and severe depression in Nigeria.

1999 • 37 citations

Infopoints: Publishing raw data and real time statistical analysis on e-journals

2001 • 37 citations

Daily Administration of Unilateral ECT

1967 • 37 citations

Maintenance ECT in treatment-resistant schizophrenia.

2000 • 37 citations

THE ATARACTIC DRUGS: THE PRESENT POSITION OF CHLORPROMAZINE, FRENQUEL, PACATAL, AND RESERPINE IN THE PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL

1956 • 36 citations

Present Treatment of Schizophrenia--a Controlled Follow-up Study

1965 • 34 citations

Combined electroconvulsive and neuroleptic therapy in schizophrenia refractory to neuroleptics

1990 • 33 citations

A Comparison of Brief and Ultrabrief Pulse Stimuli in Unilateral ECT

1998 • 33 citations

DILEMMAS AND DIFFICULTIES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS

1991 • 33 citations

THE EFFECTS OF RESERPINE (SERPASIL®) ON THE CHRONIC DISTURBED SCHIZOPHRENIC

1956 • 32 citations

Studies on the prolactin response induced by electroconvulsive therapy in schizophrenics

1980 • 31 citations

Absence of severe tardive dyskinesia in hungarian schizophrenic out-patients

1980 • 31 citations

The practice of ect in India : issues relating yo the administration of ect.

1992 • 30 citations

Neuropsychological impairments associated with severity of Parkinson's disease

1989 • 29 citations

Clozapine, ECT, and Schizoaffective Disorder, Bipolar Type.

1991 • 28 citations

Electroconvulsive therapy in neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism

1989 • 27 citations

A COMPARISON OF KETAMINE AND METHOHEXITAL IN ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY

1972 • 26 citations

A Double-Blind Comparative Evaluation of Flurothyl and ECT

1968 • 25 citations

REGRESSIVE EST, CHLORPROMAZINE, AND GROUP THERAPY IN TREATMENT OF HOSPITALIZED CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENICS

1958 • 25 citations

Combined Use of Clozapine and Electroconvulsive Therapy.

1991 • 24 citations

A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRIFLUOPERAZINE AND CHLORPROMAZINE IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

1961 • 24 citations

Ketamine (“Ketalar”): A Safer Anaesthetic for ECT

1972 • 24 citations

TREATMENT OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

1951 • 24 citations

Stroke epidemiological data of nine Asian countries. Asian Acute Stroke Advisory Panel (AASAP).

2000 • 23 citations

Clozapine following ECT: a two-step treatment.

1994 • 22 citations

Mechanisms of action of ECT: Schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder

1990 • 21 citations

Treatment of Schizophrenia in General Hospitals

1961 • 21 citations

Unilateral Versus Bilateral Ect in Schizophrenia

1973 • 21 citations

Maintenance ECT in schizophrenia: a pilot study.

1998 • 21 citations

Physical Treatment for Schizophrenia

1958 • 21 citations

Efficacy of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Schizophrenia, Mania, and Other Disorders. I. Schizophrenia.

1985 • 21 citations

E.C.T. in Schizophrenia

1960 • 20 citations

The practice of ect in India: ii. The practical administration of ect.

1993 • 20 citations

An exploratory evaluation of ECT in haloperidol-treated DSM-IIIR schizophreniform disorder.

1994 • 20 citations

Predictive and Concomitant Variables Related to Improvement with Actual and Simulated ECT

1959 • 19 citations

Optimal Use of Electroconvulsive Therapy

1991 • 19 citations

A controlled trial of modified electroconvulsive therapy in Schizophrenia in a Nigeria Teaching Hospital

2004 • 19 citations

Is Old-Fashioned Electroconvulsive Therapy More Efficacious?

1992 • 19 citations

Modification of tonic-clonic convulsions by atracurium in multiple-monitored electroconvulsive therapy

1993 • 19 citations

The Effect of Unilateral E.C.T. on Schizophrenic Delusions and Hallucinations

1970 • 18 citations

The future educational needs of psychiatrists

1975 • 18 citations

A Double-Blind Comparison of Sinusoidal Wave and Brief-Pulse Electroconvulsive Therapy in Endogenous Depression.

1988 • 18 citations

Absence of neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism in psychotic patients receiving adjunctive electroconvulsive therapy.

1994 • 17 citations

Short Courses of E.C.T. and Simulated E.C.T. in Chronic Schizophrenia

1964 • 17 citations

A double blind controlled study of ECT vs chlorpromazine in schizophrenia.

1983 • 17 citations

Role of ect phenothiazine combination in schizophrenia.

1985 • 16 citations

Treatment optimization with ECT.

1994 • 16 citations

Effects of twice- versus thrice-weekly electroconvulsive therapy in schizophrenia.

1999 • 16 citations

Schizophrenia

1993 • 16 citations

COMBINED DRUG THERAPY COMPARED WITH ELECTRIC SHOCK IN PSYCHOTIC DEPRESSIONS

1964 • 16 citations

A Review of Treatment of 176 Schizophrenic Patients in the Mental Hospital, Pabna

1968 • 14 citations

COMPARISON OF ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY WITH UNILATERAL AND BILATERAL STIMULATION

1970 • 14 citations

MEMORY DISTURBANCES AFTER ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY

1961 • 14 citations

Cardiovascular Response During ECT: A Cross-Over Study Across Stimulus Conditions

2000 • 13 citations

Adjunctive electroconvulsive therapy for schizophrenia.

1991 • 13 citations

A comparative study of the efficacy of bilateral and unilateral electroconvulsive therapy with thioridazine in acute schizophrenia.

1972 • 13 citations

Effectiveness of regressive ECT with process schizophrenia.

1973 • 13 citations

Reevaluation of ECT in Schizophrenia: Right Temporoparietal versus Bitemporal Electrode Placement.

1988 • 13 citations

INVESTIGATION OF THE THERAPEUTIC COMPONENTS AND VARIOUS FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVEMENT WITH ELECTROCONVULSIVE TREATMENT: A PRELIMINARY REPORT

1957 • 13 citations

Conventional and Multiple-Monitored Electroconvulsive Therapy A Comparison in Major Depressive Episodes

1986 • 12 citations

The use of the stabilization period in electroconvulsive therapy research in schizophrenia: II. Implementation.

1999 • 12 citations

The Effect of Electro-Convulsive Therapy on Spinal Fluid Constituents

1960 • 12 citations

Lack of effect of 6 g inositol treatment on post-ECT cognitive function in humans

1995 • 12 citations

Comparative evaluation of the safety of chlorpromazine and reserpine used in conjunction with ECT.

1959 • 12 citations

Electric convulsive therapy (ECT) increases plasma and red blood cell haloperidol neuroleptic activities

1983 • 12 citations

Continuation Electroconvulsive Therapy: Preliminary Guidelines and an Illustrative Case Report

1991 • 12 citations

COMPARISON OF ELECTRIC AND ILUROTHYL CONVULSIVE THERAPY: I. Seizure and post‐seizure electroencephalographic pattern

1970 • 12 citations

A COMPARISON OF REST AND ECT IN THE TREATMENT OF SCHIZOPHRENICS

1959 • 11 citations

Controlled trials of inositol in psychiatry

1997 • 10 citations

Hexafluorodiethyl Ether (Indoklon) Convulsive Therapy: A Pilot Study

1967 • 10 citations

Evaluation of cognitive effects of ect (preliminary observations).

1981 • 9 citations

A Controlled Trial of Reserpine in Chronic Schizophrenia

1960 • 9 citations

Bilateral and Non-Dominant Unilateral ECT: Part I — Therapeutic Efficacy

1976 • 9 citations

COMPARISON OF ELECTRIC AND FLUROTHYL CONVULSIVE THERAPY: V. Confusion and other side‐effects

1970 • 9 citations

Combined treatment with ECT and antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia.

1971 • 8 citations

Comparison of three treatment regimes in schizophrenia.

1983 • 8 citations

Electroconvulsive Therapy (With and Without Atropine)

1960 • 8 citations

Electric Acupuncture Convulsive Therapy.

1985 • 8 citations

PERSONALITY CHANGES IN ELECTROCONVULSIVE TREATMENT.

1957 • 8 citations

Ect-chlorpromazine combination compared with chlorpromazine only in schizophrenia.

1981 • 8 citations

The Effects of Physical Treatment on Some Psychological Functions

1958 • 8 citations

Randomized Comparative Trial of a Ward Discussion Group

1982 • 7 citations

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE RELATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF ELECTRO-CONVULSIVE THERAPY

1959 • 7 citations

Continuation electroconvulsive therapy in schizophrenia: a pilot study.

1997 • 7 citations

COMPARISON OF ELECTRIC AND FLUROTHYL CONVULSIVE THERAPY: IV. Retrograde amnesia

1970 • 6 citations

EVALUATION OF COMBINED CORAMINE-ELECTROSHOCK THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

1956 • 6 citations

Activation of chronic withdrawn schizophrenics.

1966 • 6 citations

Relative efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy and chlorpromazine in schizophrenia.

1962 • 6 citations

DELAYED ONSET OF IMPAIRMENT FOLLOWING ELECTRICALLY INDUCED CONVULSIONS

1972 • 6 citations

Seizure threshold in ECT: I. Initial seizure threshold.

2000 • 5 citations

Schizophrenia - electrolyte profile & the effect of treatment.

1987 • 5 citations

Seizure threshold in ECT: II. Dose titration vs age and half age methods.

2000 • 5 citations

EVALUTION OF UNILATERAL ELECTRO-CONVULSIVE THERAPY (A double blind study).

1980 • 4 citations

[The role of high-dosage neuroleptic therapy and electroshock in the treatment of the acute phase of schizophrenia].

1981 • 4 citations

Treatment of acute schizophrenia: the place of ECT.

1974 • 4 citations

An Evaluation of Electroplexy (E.C.T.) Techniques

1960 • 3 citations

Drs. Murillo and Exner Reply

1973 • 3 citations

[Modification of memory disturbances after electroshock with centrophenoxine].

1970 • 2 citations

[Side and therapeutic effects of bilateral and unilateral electroconvulsive therapy].

1973 • 2 citations

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SIDE EFFECTS OF NON-VERSUS DOMINANCE ECT ON SCHIZOPHRENICS WITH EEG AND ECG MONITORING

2001 • 2 citations

[Electroconvulsive therapy in endogenous psychoses].

1981 • 2 citations

[Role of electroconvulsive therapy in treating schizophrenia].

1989 • 2 citations

Dr. Carmichael Replies

1973 • 1 citations

An analysis on 100 psychotic patients treated with modified electroconvulsive therapy.

2000 • 1 citations

A clinical comparison of prochlorperazine and thioproperazine in psychotic illness.

1965 • 1 citations

Nursing observation on dominant lateral ECT in the treatment of schizophrenia

2002 • 1 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations