The "V3" domain is a determinant of simian immunodeficiency virus cell tropism

Site-directed mutagenesis by overlap extension using the polymerase chain reaction

1989 • 7,496 citations

Importance of the nef gene for maintenance of high virus loads and for development of AIDS

1991 • 1,613 citations

SRα Promoter: an Efficient and Versatile Mammalian cDNA Expression System Composed of the Simian Virus 40 Early Promoter and the R-U5 Segment of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat

1988 • 1,351 citations

Identification of the Envelope V3 Loop as the Primary Determinant of Cell Tropism in HIV-1

1991 • 871 citations

[71] Use of eukaryotic expression technology in the functional analysis of cloned genes

1987 • 834 citations

Identification and characterization of conserved and variable regions in the envelope gene of HTLV-III/LAV, the retrovirus of AIDS

1986 • 780 citations

Phenotype-associated sequence variation in the third variable domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 molecule

1992 • 769 citations

Principal neutralizing domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope protein.

1989 • 628 citations

Antibodies that inhibit fusion of human immunodeficiency virus-infected cells bind a 24-amino acid sequence of the viral envelope, gp120.

1988 • 626 citations

Macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus isolates from different patients exhibit unusual V3 envelope sequence homogeneity in comparison with T-cell-tropic isolates: definition of critical amino acids involved in cell tropism

1992 • 594 citations

HIV-1 tropism for mononuclear phagocytes can be determined by regions of gp120 outside the CD4-binding domain

1990 • 589 citations

Macrophage and T cell-line tropisms of HIV-1 are determined by specific regions of the envelope gp!20 gene

1991 • 525 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 neutralization epitope with conserved architecture elicits early type-specific antibodies in experimentally infected chimpanzees.

1988 • 514 citations

Minimal requirements for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 V3 domain to support the syncytium-inducing phenotype: analysis by single amino acid substitution

1992 • 501 citations

Induction of AIDS in rhesus monkeys by molecularly cloned simian immunodeficiency virus

1992 • 496 citations

Extensive variation of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 in vivo

1988 • 415 citations

The Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses

1990 • 387 citations

HIV-1 isolates are rapidly evolving quasispecies: evidence for viral mixtures and preferred nucleotide substitutions.

1989 • 354 citations

The Complete Nucleotide Sequence of a Pathogenic Molecular Clone of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus

1990 • 335 citations

Neutralization of diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants by an anti-V3 human monoclonal antibody

1992 • 314 citations

Analysis of sequence diversity in hypervariable regions of the external glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1

1990 • 305 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus neutralizing antibodies recognize several conserved domains on the envelope glycoproteins

1987 • 301 citations

HIV-1 genomic rna diversification following sexual and parenteral virus transmission

1992 • 298 citations

Macrophage tropism determinants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vivo

1992 • 292 citations

Identification of a determinant within the human immunodeficiency virus 1 surface envelope glycoprotein critical for productive infection of primary monocytes.

1991 • 272 citations

Single amino-acid changes in HIV envelope affect viral tropism and receptor binding

1989 • 270 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clones chimeric for the envelope V3 domain differ in syncytium formation and replication capacity

1992 • 259 citations

Genetic Variants of HIV-1 in Thailand

1992 • 254 citations

Viral determinants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 T-cell or macrophage tropism, cytopathogenicity, and CD4 antigen modulation

1990 • 253 citations

The V3 Loops of the HIV-1 and HTV-2 Surface Glycoproteins Contain Proteolytic Cleavage Sites: A Possible Function in Viral Fusion?

1991 • 244 citations

Selection of genetic variants of simian immunodeficiency virus in persistently infected rhesus monkeys

1991 • 238 citations

Neutralizing antibodies to an immunodominant envelope sequence do not prevent gp120 binding to CD4

1988 • 231 citations

The Emergence of Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Viruses

1992 • 225 citations

Identification of the principal neutralizing determinant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 as a fusion domain

1991 • 219 citations

Complex determinants of macrophage tropism in env of simian immunodeficiency virus

1992 • 208 citations

Production of site-selected neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies against the third variable domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein.

1991 • 177 citations

Variation in simian immunodeficiency virus env is confined to V1 and V4 during progression to simian AIDS

1991 • 176 citations

Evolution of the V3 envelope domain in proviral sequences and isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 during transition of the viral biological phenotype

1992 • 169 citations

Identification of human immunodeficiency virus envelope gene sequences influencing viral entry into CD4-positive HeLa cells, T-leukemia cells, and macrophages

1991 • 160 citations

Host range mutant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: modification of cell tropism by a single point mutation at the neutralization epitope in the env gene

1991 • 154 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope gene structure and diversity in vivo and after cocultivation in vitro

1992 • 150 citations

Restricted replication of simian immunodeficiency virus strain 239 in macrophages is determined by env but is not due to restricted entry

1993 • 143 citations

The region of the envelope gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 responsible for determination of cell tropism

1992 • 142 citations

Immunochemical analysis of the gp120 surface glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: probing the structure of the C4 and V4 domains and the interaction of the C4 domain with the V3 loop

1993 • 134 citations

Epitopes recognized by the neutralizing antibodies of an HIV-1-infected individual.

1990 • 125 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cellular host range, replication, and cytopathicity are linked to the envelope region of the viral genome

1990 • 124 citations

Analysis of mutations in the V3 domain of gp160 that affect fusion and infectivity

1992 • 120 citations

The genetic fate of molecularly cloned simian immunodeficiency virus in experimentally infected macaques

1991 • 117 citations

Relationship of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 third variable loop to a component of the CD4 binding site in the fourth conserved region

1992 • 110 citations

The principal neutralization determinant of simian immunodeficiency virus differs from that of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

1992 • 108 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tropism for brain microglial cells is determined by a region of the env glycoprotein that also controls macrophage tropism

1992 • 107 citations

Analysis of simian immunodeficiency virus sequence variation in tissues of rhesus macaques with simian AIDS

1993 • 106 citations

Identification of Two Neutralizing and 8 Non-Neutralizing Epitopes on Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Envelope Using Monoclonal Antibodies

1992 • 103 citations

HIV with Multiple Gene Deletions as a Live Attenuated Vaccine for AIDS

1992 • 99 citations

Alteration of HIV-1 Infectivity and Neutralization by a Single Amino Acid Replacement in the V3 Loop Domain

1991 • 94 citations

Mutations in the principal neutralization determinant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 affect syncytium formation, virus infectivity, growth kinetics, and neutralization

1992 • 93 citations

Use of Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses for AIDS Research

1989 • 76 citations

Variant-specific monoclonal and group-specific polyclonal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 neutralizing antibodies raised with synthetic peptides from the gp120 third variable domain

1992 • 71 citations

Simian immunodeficiency viruses and their relationship to the human immunodeficiency viruses

1988 • 68 citations

Hyperimmune antisera against synthetic peptides representing the glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 can mediate neutralization and antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity.

1991 • 64 citations

Antibodies from Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals Bind to a Short Amino Acid Sequence that Elicits Neutralizing Antibodies in Animals

1989 • 62 citations

Human antibody response to a strain-specific HIV-1 gp120 epitope associated with cell fusion inhibition.

1988 • 59 citations

Evidence for the Cooperation of gp120 Amino Acids 322 and 448 in SIVmac Entry

1993 • 48 citations

Identification and characterization of fusion and processing domains of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope glycoprotein

1992 • 46 citations

In vivo genetic variability of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 V3 region

1992 • 44 citations

Functional roles of the V3 hypervariable region of HIV-1 gp160 in the processing of gp160 and in the formation of syncytia in CD4+ cells

1992 • 44 citations

Effect of Mutations in the V3 Loop of HIV-1 gp120 on Infectivity and Susceptibility to Proteolytic Cleavage

1993 • 41 citations

Hypothetical Assignment of Intrachain Disulfide Bonds for HIV-2 and SIV Envelope Glycoproteins

1991 • 36 citations

Identification of Conserved Residues in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Principal Neutralizing Determinant That Are Involved in Fusion

1991 • 32 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein molecules containing membrane fusion-impairing mutations in the V3 region efficiently undergo soluble CD4-stimulated gp120 release

1992 • 27 citations

Examination of sera from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals for antibodies reactive with peptides corresponding to the principal neutralizing determinant of HIV-1 gp120 and for in vitro neutralizing activity

1992 • 25 citations

Comparison of serum antibody reactivities to a conformational and to linear antigenic sites in the external envelope glycoprotein of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac) induced by infection and vaccination

1993 • 18 citations

Autologous antibody response against the principal neutralizing domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolated from infected humans

1993 • 10 citations

A PCR-derived library of random point mutations within the V3 region of simian immunodeficiency virus.

1993 • 8 citations