Neuronal organization and synaptic mechanisms of supraspinal motor control in vertebrates

The Integrative Action of the Nervous System.

1907 • 4,174 citations

The Integrative Action of the Nervous System

1907 • 2,278 citations

THE COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM OF VERTEBRATES INCLUDING MAN

1936 • 2,112 citations

THE PHYSIOLOGY OF SYNAPSES

1964 • 1,932 citations

THE FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE MOTOR SYSTEM IN THE MONKEY

1968 • 1,256 citations

The Physiology of Synapses

1964 • 1,239 citations

A theory of the effects of fibre size in medullated nerve

1951 • 1,036 citations

Distinguishing theoretical synaptic potentials computed for different soma-dendritic distributions of synaptic input.

1967 • 1,003 citations

The cytoarchitecture of the brain stem of the cat. I. Brain stem nuclei of cat

1961 • 812 citations

Pharmacological studies on presynaptic inhibition

1963 • 765 citations

THE FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE MOTOR SYSTEM IN THE MONKEY

1968 • 760 citations

The Physiology and Pathology of the Cerebellum

1958 • 679 citations

Dendritic location of synapses and possible mechanisms for the monosynaptic EPSP in motoneurons.

1967 • 598 citations

Structure and function of the cerebral cortex

2007 • 592 citations

The Basis of Motor Control

1971 • 552 citations

A modified concept of consciousness.

1969 • 499 citations

James Douglas of the Pouch and his Pupil William Hunter

1965 • 495 citations

Man on His Nature

1940 • 476 citations

The rubrospinal tract. II. Facilitation of interneuronal transmission in reflex paths to motoneurones

1969 • 462 citations

The physiology of nerve cells

1975 • 410 citations

Comparison of effects of stimulation of Deiters' nucleus and medial longitudinal fasciculus on neck, forelimb, and hindlimb motoneurons.

1969 • 408 citations

The vestibulospinal tract. Effects on alpha-motoneurones in the lumbosacral spinal cord in the cat

1970 • 408 citations

The Physiology of Nerve Cells

1957 • 380 citations

THE PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF THE CEREBELLUM

1959 • 378 citations

Progress in Brain Research

1965 • 362 citations

Sites and mode of termination of reticulo‐spinal fibers in the cat. An experimental study with silver impregnation methods

1965 • 362 citations

Monosynaptic Excitation of Alpha Motoneurones from Supraspinal Structures in the Cat

1968 • 356 citations

Effects from the Pyramidal Tract on Spinal Reflex Arcs

1962 • 356 citations

Aspects of Cerebellar Anatomy.

1955 • 354 citations

The Ferrier Lecture, 1968 - Motor apparatus of the baboon’s hand

1969 • 348 citations

The Descending Pathways to the Spinal Cord, their Anatomy and Function

1964 • 338 citations

The Spinal cord

1953 • 332 citations

Muscular Afferents and Motor Control

1966 • 318 citations

Sites and mode of termination of fibers of the vestibulospinal tract in the cat. An experimental study with silver impregnation methods

1964 • 315 citations

Inhibitory effects evoked through ventral reticulospinal pathways.

1968 • 314 citations

The mammalian red nucleus.

1967 • 314 citations

The distribution of monosynaptic excitation from the pyramidal tract and from primary spindle afferents to motoneurones of the baboon's hand and forearm

1968 • 297 citations

The effect of different descending systems on flexor and extensor activity during locomotion

1972 • 289 citations

ANTIDROMIC AND TRANS-SYNAPTIC ACTIVATION OF DEITERS' NEURONES INDUCED FROM THE SPINAL CORD

1964 • 273 citations

CAUDAL AND CEPHALIC INFLUENCES OF THE BRAIN STEM RETICULAR FORMATION

1950 • 269 citations

The Vestibular Nuclei and Their Connections, Anatomy and Functional Correlations

1964 • 259 citations

Descending Monosynaptic and Reflex Control of γ‐Motoneurones

1969 • 248 citations

Reticulospinal inhibition of transmission in reflex pathways

1968 • 244 citations

Long inhibitory and excitatory pathways converging onto cat reticular and Deiters' neurons and their relevance to reticulofugal axons.

1970 • 236 citations

The Pyramidal Projection to Motoneurones of Some Muscle Groups of the Baboon's Forelimb

1964 • 234 citations

Projections and termination of the corticospinal tract in rodents

1971 • 224 citations

Corticofugal fibres to the brain-stem reticular formation; an experimental study in the cat.

1956 • 222 citations

Activity of vestibulospinal neurons during locomotion

1972 • 221 citations

The cerebellum of the cat : structure and fibre connexions

1964 • 210 citations

Minimal synaptic actions of pyrimidal impulses on some alpha motoneurones of the baboon's hand and forearm

1962 • 203 citations

The Terminal Fields of Dorsal Root Fibers in the Lumbosacral Spinal Cord of the Cat, and the Dendritic Organization of the Motor Nuclei

1964 • 200 citations

Pyramidal Effects on Lumbo‐Sacral Internewones Activated by Somatic Afferents

1962 • 197 citations

An Experimental study of the cortico‐spinal system in the monkey (Macaca mulatta). The spinal pathways and preterminal distribution of degenerating fibers following discrete lesions of the pre‐ and postcentral gyri and bulbar pyramid

1964 • 194 citations

Evolution of the Forebrain

1966 • 193 citations

Subcorticospinal projections in the Rhesus monkey

1962 • 192 citations

Sites of termination of corticospinal fibers in the cat. An experimental study with silver impregnation methods

1963 • 189 citations

Interaction between the vestibulospinal tract, contralateral flexor reflex afferents and la afferents

1969 • 184 citations

The cerebellar-evoked monosynaptic inhibition of Deiters' neurones

1964 • 183 citations

Cerebellar corticovestibular fibers in the cat

1961 • 179 citations

The rubrospinal tract. I. Effects on alpha-motoneurones innervating hindlimb muscles in cats

1969 • 178 citations

Supraspinal and segmental control of static and dynamic gamma-motoneurones in the cat.

1969 • 170 citations

The pyramidal tract in rodents. A study of its relations with the posterior column nuclei, dorsolateral reticular formation of the medulla oblongata, and cervical spinal cord

1966 • 167 citations

THE RETICULAR FORMATION OF THE BRAIN STEM

1958 • 165 citations

The Origin of a Descending Pathway with Monosynaptic Action on Flexor Motoneurones

1968 • 164 citations

THE SPINAL MECHANISM OF THE PYRAMIDAL SYSTEM IN CATS

1941 • 164 citations

Electrical activity of red nucleus neurones investigated with intracellular microelectrodes

1967 • 160 citations

Pyramidal tract effects on interneurons in the cat lumbar dorsal horn.

1968 • 159 citations

MECHANISMS OF SUPRASPINAL ACTIONS UPON SPINAL CORD ACTIVITIES. RETICULAR INHIBITORY MECHANISMS UPON FLEXOR MOTONEURONS

1965 • 156 citations

A Rectifying Electrotonic Synapse in the Central Nervous System of a Vertebrate

1969 • 154 citations

Synaptic excitation of red nucleus neurones by fibres from interpositus nucleus

1970 • 153 citations

Reticulospinal inhibition of interneurones

1968 • 153 citations

Activity of rubrospinal neurons during locomotion

1972 • 151 citations

Convergence of excitatory and inhibitory action on interneurones in the lumbosacral cord

1966 • 148 citations

Pharmacological investigations upon inhibition of spinal motoneurones

1959 • 144 citations

Fastigioreticular fibers in the cat. An experimental study with silver methods

1962 • 142 citations

Comparative Anatomy of the Spinal Cord

1964 • 140 citations

Monosynaptic activation of different portions of the motor neuron membrane

1960 • 134 citations

Organization of the spinal cord

1964 • 131 citations

The rubrospinal tract. IV. Effects on interneurones

1972 • 120 citations

Electrotonic coupling between neurons in the rat lateral vestibular nucleus

1973 • 120 citations

Efferent connections of the red nucleus in the brainstem and spinal cord of the rhesus monkey

1973 • 119 citations

Electronic coupling between neurons in the rat lateral vestibular nucleus.

1973 • 118 citations

Supraspinal monosynaptic excitation and inhibition of thoracic back motoneurons

1970 • 116 citations

INTRACELLULAR POTENTIALS RECORDED FROM MOTONEURONS FOLLOWING PRECENTRAL GYRUS STIMULATION IN PRIMATE

1961 • 116 citations

ACTIVITY IN NEURONS OF THE BULBOSPINAL CORRELATION SYSTEM

1941 • 116 citations

Convergent effects on alpha motoneurones from the vestibulospinal tract and a pathway descending in the medial longitudinal fasciculus

1971 • 115 citations

SOME EFFERENT CONNECTIONS OF THE MOTOR AND SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX OF SIMIAN PRIMATES AND FELID, CANID AND PROCYONID CARNIVORES

1969 • 113 citations

Investigations on the Organization of the Corticospinal System in Monkeys.

1953 • 112 citations

Reticulospinal neurones

1964 • 111 citations

Structural and functional relationships between the deep cerebellar nuclei and the brachium conjunctivum in the rhesus monkey

1957 • 109 citations

An experimental study of the anatomical organization of the cortico‐bulbar system in the albino rat

1964 • 105 citations

Primary afferent depolarization evoked from the brain stem and the cerebellum.

1966 • 105 citations

SITES AND MODE OF TERMINATION OF RUBROSPINAL FIBRES IN THE CAT. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY WITH SILVER IMPREGNATION METHODS.

1964 • 103 citations

[Work of reticulo-spinal neurons during locomotion].

1970 • 96 citations

Propriospinal Pathways and their Synapses

1964 • 96 citations

CORTICAL CONTROL OF BRAIN STEM RETICULAR NEURONS.

1964 • 94 citations

Early facilitation at corticomotoneuronal synapses

1970 • 94 citations

Physiology of spinal neurons

1964 • 91 citations

Motor function and the corticospinal tracts in the dog and raccoon

1967 • 89 citations

Pyramidal and Non-Pyramidal Pathways in Monkeys: Anatomical and Functional Correlation

1965 • 89 citations

Stimulation of pre- and postsynaptic elements in the red nucleus

1972 • 87 citations

Startle-response in Teleost Fish: an Elementary Circuit for Neural Discrimination

1968 • 85 citations

SPINAL TERMINATIONS OF THE PROJECTION FIBRES FROM THE MOTOR CORTEX OF PRIMATES

1934 • 84 citations

Projections of individual axons in lamprey spinal cord determined by tracings through serial sections

1973 • 79 citations

The Origin of a Descending Pathway with Monosynaptic Action on Flexor Motoneurones

1968 • 79 citations

Descending pathways with monosynaptic action on motoneurones

1965 • 77 citations

Comparative Aspects of the Descending Fibre Systems in the Spinal Cord

1964 • 73 citations

The Vestibular Nuclei and Their Connections, Anatomy and Functional Correlations.

1963 • 71 citations

The rubrospinal tract. III. Effects on primary afferent terminals

1972 • 70 citations

Time course of minimal corticomotoneuronal excitatory postsynaptic potentials in lumbar motoneurons of the monkey.

1969 • 69 citations

Effects from the Sensorimotor Cortex on Ascending Spinal Pathways

1963 • 68 citations

Monosynaptic and disynaptic reticulospinal actions on lumbar motoneurons of the rat

1970 • 65 citations

The brainstem reticular formation.

1957 • 63 citations

Reciprocal effects between two descending bulbospinal systems with monosynaptic connections to spinal motoneurones

1968 • 63 citations

Effects from the sensorimotor cortex on the spinal cord in cats with transected pyramids

1967 • 62 citations

The supraspinal control of transmission in spinal reflex pathways.

1967 • 62 citations

Synaptic actions evoked from the red nucleus on the spinal alpha-motoneurons in the rhesus monkey

1971 • 60 citations

THE EFFECT OF MIDBRAIN STIMULATION UPON ALPHA MOTONEURONS IN LUMBAR SPINAL CORD OF THE CAT

1960 • 59 citations

Cortically evoked pre-and postsynaptic inhibition of impulse transmission to the dorsal spinocerebellar tract

1967 • 56 citations

Extrapyramidal monosynaptic and disynaptic control of mammalian alpha-motoneurons

1972 • 55 citations

Monosynaptie Corticospinal Activation of Fore Limb Motoneurones in Monkeys Macaca mulatta)

1954 • 53 citations

Ultrastructural features of the synaptic complex of the vestibular nuclei of Lampetra planeri (Bloch)

1970 • 49 citations

Fast and slow motoneurons to body muscle of the sea lamprey.

1971 • 49 citations

Rubrospinal monosynaptic connexion with last-order interneurones of polysynaptic reflex paths

1971 • 45 citations

ELECTRICAL THRESHOLDS OF UNIMPALED CORTICOSPINAL CELLS IN THE CAT

1962 • 44 citations

The control of movement and posture

1973 • 43 citations

Effects from the pyramidal tract on primary afferents and on spinal reflex actions to primary afferents

1962 • 42 citations

A Supraspinal control system monosynaptically connected with an ascending spinal pathway

1960 • 41 citations

Reticulospinal neurones in the rat

1970 • 40 citations

Effects of trans-membrane polarization and tea injection on monosynaptic actions from motor cortex, red nucleus and group Ia afferents on lumbar motoneurons in the monkey

1974 • 39 citations

Effects of limited direct stimulation of the medullary pyramidal tract on spinal motoneurons in the rat

1967 • 35 citations

Motor mechanisms of the anuran brain

1950 • 34 citations

Posttetanic potentiation of monosynaptic and disynaptic actions from supraspinal structures on lumbar motoneurons.

1969 • 34 citations

A descending pathway with monosynaptic action on flexor motoneurones

1966 • 34 citations

Patterns of motor cortex effects on ankle flexor and extensor motoneurons in the “pyramidal” cat preparation

1963 • 33 citations

Vestibular control of transmission in primary afferents to the lumbar spinal cord.

1969 • 33 citations

Do cat spinal motoneurones receive direct supraspinal fibre connections? A supplementary silver study.

1969 • 33 citations

The independence of corticomotoneuronal and fusimotor pathways in the production of muscle contraction by motor cortex stimulation

1968 • 32 citations

Strychnine: Its Action on Spinal Motoneurons of Cats

1963 • 31 citations

Topography of rubrospinal units in the cat

1972 • 31 citations

The development of the cerebellum of vertebrates in relation to the control of movement

1969 • 30 citations

A possible direct interneuronal pathway from rubrospinal tract to motoneurones

1969 • 28 citations

Synaptic mechanisms of vestibulospinal influences on alpha-motoneurons

1967 • 28 citations

Cortical control and representation of fusimotor neurons.

1961 • 28 citations

Descending monosynaptic connexions to spinal border cells.

1969 • 26 citations

The mode of cerebral activation of red nucleus neurones

1966 • 24 citations

Characteristics of cervical interneurones which mediate cortical motor outflow to distal forelimb muscles of cats

1971 • 24 citations

PATTERNS OF PYRAMIDAL ACTIVATION OF CAT'S MOTONEURONS.

1963 • 24 citations

Bulbospinal fibres and their nuclei of origin in Lacerta viridis demonstrated by axonal degeneration and chromatolysis respectively.

1969 • 22 citations

Postsynaptic potentials in the mesencephalic and pontomedullar reticular regions underlying descending limbic influences

1973 • 22 citations

Synaptic actions of fibers in the ventral spinal cord upon lumbosacral motoneurons.

1967 • 22 citations

Direkte und indirekte Wirkungen supraspinaler Reizungen auf Renshaw-Zellen

1971 • 21 citations

[Cerebellar influence on the reticulo-spinal neurons during locomotion].

1970 • 21 citations

Dissociation of presynaptic and postsynaptic effects produced in the lumbar cord by vestibular volleys.

1970 • 21 citations

STUDIES ON EFFECTS OF PYRAMID STIMULATION UPON FLEXOR AND EXTENSOR MOTONEURONES AND GAMMA MOTONEURONES

1964 • 20 citations

Effect of Vestibular Stimulation on Strychnine-Induced Activity of the Spinal Cord

1955 • 20 citations

STUDIES ON EFFECTS OF PYRAMID STIMULATION UPON FLEXOR AND EXTENSOR MOTONEURONES AND GAMMA MOTONEURONES

1964 • 18 citations

EFFECTS OF STIMULATION OF CEREBELLAR AND THALAMIC NUCLEI UPON SPINAL ALPHA MOTONEURONS OF THE CAT

1963 • 17 citations

Short-latency reticulospinal synaptic projections on?-motor neurons

1967 • 16 citations

A SURVEY OF THE PYRAMIDAL SYSTEM IN THE COYPU RAT, MYOCASTOR COYPUS.

1963 • 16 citations

Phylogenetic and Ontogenetic Aspects of the Lemniscal Systems and the Pyramidal System

1966 • 15 citations

EFFECTS OF STRYCHNINE UPON SUPRASPINAL INHIBITION

1964 • 14 citations

Cerebello-spinal pathway via the fastigial nucleus and the medial reticular nucleus

1974 • 14 citations

A unitary study of the reticulomotor system of the dogfish, squalus lebruni (vaillant)

1958 • 13 citations

Extrapyramidal pathways with monosynaptic effects upon primate α-motoneurons

1971 • 12 citations

Extrapyramidal Control of Primate Motoneurons

2015 • 11 citations

Cerebello-rubrospinal effects on hindlimb motoneurons in the monkey

1972 • 9 citations

[Synaptic processes in lumbar motoneurons induced by stimulation of the sensorimotor area of the cerebral cortex].

1966 • 9 citations

Some properties of pyramidal tract cells in the rat somatosensory cortex.

1967 • 8 citations

[The effect of membrane hyperpolarization on novocainized skeletal muscle fibers].

1967 • 7 citations

SUMMARY

1969 • 5 citations

Suprasegmental synaptic influences on chromatolyzed motoneurons

1968 • 5 citations

Reticulospinal and vestibulospinal synaptic influences in kittens

1969 • 4 citations

Effect of strychnine on activity of motor and internuncial neurons of the spinal cord during stimulation of the anterior lobe of the cerebellum

1963 • 4 citations

Synaptic effects evoked by supraspinal and intraspinal stimulation in lamprey motoneurons

1974 • 4 citations

[Distribution and types of rubro-motor neuron synapses in the lumbar segments of the cat spinal cord].

1974 • 4 citations

Note on convergence of pyramidal and primary afferent impulses in the spinal cord of the cat.

1968 • 4 citations

Pyramidal and Extra-Pyramidal Control on Mammalian Alpha Motoneurones

1973 • 3 citations

[Effect of stimulation of the brain stem and the motor cortex on the activity of neurons of the spinal cord].

1965 • 2 citations

Activity of the spinal cord neurons during stimulation of the hypothalamus and hippocampus

1964 • 1 citations

[ACTIVITY OF SPINAL CORD NEURONS FOLLOWING STIMULATION OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS AND HIPPOCAMPUS].

1964 • 1 citations

[Synaptic influences from the ventral columns on the lumbar motor neurons of frogs].

1973 • 1 citations

Rheographic and plethysmographic investigation of vasomotor changes during brief voluntary hyperventilation

1973 • 1 citations

[THE EFFECT OF SYRYCHNINE ON THE ACTIVITY OF MOTOR AND INTER-NEURONS OF THE SPINAL CORD DURING STIMULATION OF THE ANTERIOR LOBE OF THE CEREBELLUM].

1963 • 1 citations