8 Some Physical Probes of Enzyme Structure in Solution

Zwischenmolekulare Energiewanderung und Fluoreszenz

1948 • 7,839 citations

Handbuch der Physik

1957 • 6,386 citations

Small-Angle Scattering of X-Rays

1956 • 4,326 citations

Physical chemistry of macromolecules

2007 • 3,839 citations

Small-Angle Scattering of X-Rays

1956 • 3,680 citations

Computed circular dichroism spectra for the evaluation of protein conformation

1969 • 3,654 citations

Proteins, amino acids and peptides

1943 • 2,189 citations

Physical chemistry of macromolecules

1962 • 2,105 citations

Energy transfer: a spectroscopic ruler.

1967 • 1,865 citations

Structure of Hen Egg-White Lysozyme: A Three-dimensional Fourier Synthesis at 2 Å Resolution

1965 • 1,623 citations

The interaction of a naphthalene dye with apomyoglobin and apohemoglobin

1965 • 1,486 citations

Structure and stability of biological macromolecules

1969 • 1,313 citations

Advances in X-Ray Analysis

1978 • 1,174 citations

Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Proteins and Amino Acids

1952 • 1,094 citations

The Infrared Spectra of Polypeptides in Various Conformations: Amide I and II Bands¹

1961 • 1,089 citations

The Ultraviolet Circular Dichroism of Polypeptides¹

1965 • 1,013 citations

Ultraviolet spectra Of Proteins and Amino Acids

1963 • 952 citations

Theory of Protein Titration Curves. I. General Equations for Impenetrable Spheres

1957 • 798 citations

Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Proteins

1968 • 699 citations

Polyamino Acids, Polypeptides and Proteins

1964 • 675 citations

Tetranitromethane. A Reagent for the Nitration of Tyrosyl Residues in Proteins^*

1966 • 635 citations

The Three-Dimensional Structure of an Enzyme Molecule

1966 • 622 citations

Three-dimensional Structure of Tosyl-α-chymotrypsin

1967 • 609 citations

Studies on the Reduction and Re-formation of Protein Disulfide Bonds

1961 • 595 citations

Rotational Brownian Motion and Polarization of the Fluorescence of Solutions

1953 • 575 citations

Tertiary Structure of Ribonuclease

1967 • 573 citations

Light and Life*

1933 • 554 citations

Fragmentation of Bovine Serum Albumin by Pepsin

1964 • 514 citations

Physical Principles and Techniques of Protein Chemistry

1973 • 500 citations

The Interpretation Of Hydrogen Ion Titration Curves Of Proteins

1963 • 499 citations

Fluorescent Probes for Conformational States of Proteins. I. Mechanism of Fluorescence of 2-p-Toluidinylnaphthalene-6-sulfonate, a Hydrophobic Probe^*

1966 • 475 citations

Negative cooperativity in enzyme action. Binding of diphosphopyridine nucleotide to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

1968 • 456 citations

THE OPTICAL ROTATORY DISPERSION OF SIMPLE POLYPEPTIDES. I

1956 • 456 citations

Structure of crystalline α-chymotrypsin

1968 • 435 citations

Perturbation Treatment of the Characteristic Vibrations of Polypeptide Chains in Various Configurations

1960 • 433 citations

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence of Proteins and Nucleic Acids

1967 • 428 citations

Infrared Spectra and Protein Conformations in Aqueous Solutions

1967 • 408 citations

THE FAR ULTRAVIOLET ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF POLYPEPTIDE AND PROTEIN SOLUTIONS AND THEIR DEPENDENCE ON CONFORMATION

1961 • 400 citations

Circular Dichroism of Biological Macromolecules

1966 • 365 citations

The Structure of Ribonuclease-S at 3.5 A Resolution

1967 • 351 citations

Location of Chromophoric Residues in Proteins by Solvent Perturbation

1962 • 345 citations

Optical rotatory dispersion

1961 • 311 citations

X-ray small angle scattering with substances of biological interest in diluted solutions

1963 • 307 citations

Polyelectrolyte Solutions

1962 • 306 citations

Interpretation of the Ultraviolet Spectral Changes of Proteins

1960 • 279 citations

Poly-α-Amino Acids

1951 • 265 citations

The optical rotatory properties of the beta-configuration in polypeptides and proteins.

1966 • 260 citations

Combination of Bovine Carbonic Anhydrase with a Fluorescent Sulfonamide

1967 • 253 citations

Hydrogen Ion Equilibria of Ribonuclease¹

1956 • 249 citations

Structure of Some Crystalline Lysozyme-Inhibitor Complexes Determined by X-Ray Analysis At 6 Å Resolution

1965 • 240 citations

Fine structure in the near-ultraviolet circular dichroism and absorption spectra of tryptophan derivatives and chymotrypsinogen A at 77°K

1969 • 224 citations

[87] Fluorescence measurements

1967 • 223 citations

The Use of Computed Optical Rotatory Dispersion Curves for the Evaluation of Protein Conformation^*

1967 • 216 citations

The Enzymic Behavior of Carboxypeptidase-A in the Solid State^*

1966 • 210 citations

Infrared spectra and chain conformation of proteins

1962 • 206 citations

Implication of an Ionizing Group in the Control of Conformation and Activity of Chymotrypsin

1966 • 193 citations

Polyamino Acids, Polypeptides, and Proteins.

1963 • 188 citations

[86] Difference spectroscopy

1967 • 185 citations

The absorption spectra of simple amides and peptides

1967 • 184 citations

Infrared Spectra and Protein Conformations in Aqueous Solutions

1967 • 181 citations

Intramolecular singlet excitation transfer. Applications to polypeptides

1969 • 179 citations

Fluorescent Probes for Conformational States of Proteins. II. The Binding of 2-p-Toluidinylnaphthalene-6-sulfonate to α-Chymotrypsin^*

1967 • 176 citations

Radiationless Intermolecular Energy Transfer. I. Singlet→Singlet Transfer

1964 • 173 citations

Improved Calculation of the nπ* Rotational Strength in Polypeptides

1968 • 172 citations

Analysis of vibrational structure in the near-ultraviolet circular dichroism and absorption spectra of phenylalanine and its derivatives

1969 • 171 citations

Studies of the location of tyrosyl and tryptophanyl residues in proteins. I. Solvent perturbation data of model compounds

1968 • 167 citations

Optical Rotatory Dispersion

1961 • 161 citations

Fine structure of proteins and nucleic acids

1970 • 160 citations

The circular dichroism of polypeptide films

1968 • 148 citations

Intramolecular energy transfer in adrenocorticotropin

1969 • 148 citations

Crystal structure of human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase C

1967 • 147 citations

Circular Dichroism of Poly-L-tyrosine^*

1964 • 143 citations

The Spectrophotometric Titration of the Sulfhydryl and Phenolic Groups of Aldolase^*

1964 • 142 citations

Interprétation des mesures absolues de diffusion centrale des rayons X en collimation ponctuelle ou linéaire: Solutions de particles globulaires et de batonnets

1960 • 139 citations

Assignment of the histidine peaks in the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of ribonuclease.

1968 • 137 citations

Détermination de la masse et des dimensions des protéines en solution par la diffusion centrale des rayons X mesurée à l'échelle absolue: Exemple du lysozyme

1961 • 134 citations

The Circular Dichroism of Variants of β-Lactoglobulin

1967 • 131 citations

Physical Principles and Techniques of Protein Chemistry

1969 • 129 citations

Optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism of the beta-form of silk fibroin in solution.

1966 • 129 citations

The Effects of Charged Groups on the Chromophores of Lysozyme and of Amino Acids^1,2,3

1961 • 128 citations

Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the structure and binding sites of enzymes. I. Histidine residues.

1967 • 126 citations

Studies of the location of tyrosyl and tryptophanyl residues in protein. II. Applications of model data to solvent perturbation studies of proteins rich in both tyrosine and tryptophan

1968 • 124 citations

Fluorescence of Lysozyme and Lysozyme Substrate Complexes

1967 • 123 citations

Human Carbonic Anhydrase. Protein Conformation and Metal Ion Binding^*

1965 • 120 citations

Analysis of the Optical Rotatory Dispersion of Polypeptides and Proteins. IV. A Digital Computer Analysis for the Region 190-600 mμ^1,2

1966 • 119 citations

Conformation of Proteins

1967 • 116 citations

Ultraviolet Difference Spectra of Tyrosine Groups in Proteins and Amino Acids

1958 • 115 citations

AN ANALYSIS OF THE OPTICAL ROTATORY DISPERSION OF POLYPEPTIDES AND PROTEINS

1964 • 114 citations

The Reactivities of the Histidine Residues at the Active Site of Ribonuclease toward Halo Acids of Different Structures

1965 • 113 citations

Electromagnetic scattering

1964 • 109 citations

Steps in the Formation of Active Derivatives of Staphylococcal Nuclease during Trypsin Digestion

1968 • 106 citations

Optical properties of polypeptides in the β‐conformation

1969 • 98 citations

Fluorescence studies of substrate and subunit interactions of the .beta.2 protein of Escherichia coli tryptophan synthetase

1968 • 95 citations

Optical Rotatory Dispersion and Circular Dichroism of Human Carbonic Anhydrases B and C

1966 • 94 citations

Structural Studies of Ribonuclease. XXIV. The Application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to Distinguish between the Histidine Residues of Ribonuclease¹

1966 • 93 citations

The ultraviolet fluorescent of proteins I. The influence of pH and temperature

1963 • 91 citations

Nanosecond Fluorimeter

1967 • 90 citations

The optical activity of the disulfide bond in L-cystine and some derivatives of L-cystine

1968 • 87 citations

On the binding of chitin oligosaccharides to lysozyme.

1966 • 87 citations

Mesure de la décroissance de la fluorescence polarisée de la γ-globuline-1-sulfonyl-5-diméthylaminonaphtalène

1969 • 87 citations

Optical Activity of Cystine-containing Proteins

1969 • 86 citations

Side-chain optical activity in cystine-containing proteins: circular dichroism studies.

1965 • 83 citations

Ultraviolet spectral changes related to the enzymic activity of chymotrypsin

1959 • 82 citations

Structure of Muramidase (Lysozyme)

1964 • 81 citations

Pepsinogen and Pepsin

1962 • 81 citations

Implications of X-Ray Crystallographic Studies of Protein Structure

1968 • 80 citations

The Enzyme-substrate Complex in a Muramidase Catalyzed Reaction

1963 • 78 citations

USE OF „REPORTER GROUPS” IN STRUCTURE-FUNCTION STUDIES OF PROTEINS

1964 • 78 citations

Molecular Interactions in β-Lactoglobulin. VIII. Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering Investigation of the Geometry of β-Lactoglobulin A Tetramerization

1964 • 78 citations

Radiationless Intermolecular Energy Transfer. II. Triplet→Singlet Transfer

1964 • 76 citations

Infrared Investigation of the Secondary Structure of β-Lactoglobulins

1966 • 75 citations

Über die Abklingungsvorgänge polarisierter Photolumineszenz

1961 • 73 citations

Circular Dichroism of Ribonuclease A, Ribonuclease S, and Some Fragments

1968 • 72 citations

Acetylation of Pepsin and Pepsinogen

1966 • 70 citations

Structure-Function Relationships in Lysozyme by Circular Dichroism¹

1966 • 70 citations

Location of Chromophoric Residues in Proteins by Solvent Perturbation

1965 • 70 citations

THE EXTRACELLULAR NUCLEASE OF Staphylococcus aureus : STRUCTURES OF THE NATIVE ENZYME AND AN ENZYME-INHIBITOR COMPLEX AT 4 Å RESOLUTION

1969 • 69 citations

Unusual difference spectra of proteins containing tryptophan. I. Model compounds

1969 • 69 citations

Conformation of the high pH form of chymotrypsin

1969 • 69 citations

Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the structure and binding sites of enzymes. IV. Cytidine 3'-monophosphate binding to ribonuclease.

1968 • 68 citations

Structure of the β-Lactoglobulin Tetramer

1964 • 67 citations

Analysis of the tyrosine circular dichroism bands in ribonucleose

1967 • 67 citations

The conformational transition associated with the activation of chymotrypsinogen to chymotrypsin

1966 • 67 citations

The calculated ultraviolet optical properties of polypeptide beta-configurations.

1966 • 66 citations

Abnormal Ionizable Groups in Lysozyme^1,2

1960 • 65 citations

Spectrophotometric Criterion for “Buried” and “Exposed” Groups in Proteins

1960 • 65 citations

The optical rotatory properties of pepsinogen

1963 • 65 citations

Studies of glutamate dehydrogenase. 5. The x-ray small-angle investigation of beef liver glutamate dehydrogenase.

1969 • 62 citations

Sedimentation Coefficient and Molecular Weight of Beef Liver Glutamate Dehydrogenase at the Microgram and the Milligram Level

1968 • 61 citations

Unusual difference spectra of proteins containing tryptophan. II. Proteins

1969 • 59 citations

Structure of macromolecular aggregates. I. Aggregation-induced conformational changes in polypeptides

1968 • 58 citations

Conformational studies on poly‐<scp>L</scp>‐tryptophan: Circular dichroism and X‐ray diffraction studies

1968 • 58 citations

Carbonic Anhydrase-Azosulfonamide Complexes

1968 • 57 citations

Hydrogen Ion Equilibria and the Chemical Modification of Lysine and Tyrosine Residues in Bovine Carbonic Anhydrase B

1967 • 56 citations

Studies of Glutamate Dehydrogenase

1969 • 56 citations

Relaxation Spectra of Ribonuclease. III. Further Investigation of the Interaction of Ribonuclease and Cytidine 3'-Phosphate

1965 • 55 citations

OPTICAL ROTATORY DISPERSION OF HUMAN CARBONIC ANHYDRASES: COTTON EFFECTS AND AROMATIC ABSORPTION BANDS

1965 • 54 citations

Location of Chromophoric Residues in Proteins by Solvent Perturbation

1968 • 54 citations

Studies on Acid Deoxyribonuclease. III. Physical and Chemical Properties of Hog Spleen Acid Deoxyribonuclease^*

1965 • 53 citations

Optical Activity of Cystine-containing Proteins

1969 • 53 citations

Influence of pH and Urea on the Ultra-violet Fluorescence of Several Globular Proteins

1961 • 52 citations

Triplet-singlet energy transfer in proteins

1969 • 52 citations

Fluorescence studies of the interaction of nucleotides with the active site of the nuclease of Staphylococcus aureus.

1967 • 51 citations

The Interaction of Nucleotides with the Active Site of Staphylococcal Nuclease

1967 • 50 citations

Inter- and Intramolecular Interactions of α-Lactalbumin. IV. Location of Tryptophan Groups^*

1965 • 50 citations

A Spectrophotometric and Spectrofluorometric Study of Intramolecular Interactions of Phenolic Groups in Ovomucoid^*

1967 • 48 citations

Nitration of ribonuclease

1968 • 48 citations

Polarized fluorescence decay curves for β-lactoglobulin A in various states of association

1969 • 47 citations

CONFORMATIONAL STUDIES ON SYNTHETIC POLY-α-AMINO ACIDS: THE HELICAL SENSE OF POLY-<scp>L</scp>-TRYPTOPHAN: OPTICAL ROTATORY DISPERSION STUDIES

1965 • 47 citations

Fluorescent Probes for Conformational States of Proteins. III. The Activation of Chymotrypsinogen^*

1967 • 47 citations

Optical rotation of ribonuclease

1968 • 46 citations

Evidence for Conformational Changes in α-Chymotrypsin-catalyzed Reactions. VI. Changes in Optical Rotatory Dispersion Parameters

1963 • 45 citations

Thermal Effects on the Circular Dichroism Spectra of Ribonuclease A and of Ribonuclease S-Protein

1969 • 45 citations

Circular Dichroism of the Tyrocidines and Gramicidin S-A

1969 • 43 citations

Fluorescence Studies on Poly-α-amino Acids: Models of Protein Conformation

1966 • 43 citations

Optical activity of simple cyclic amides in solution

1969 • 43 citations

The Optical Rotatory Dispersion of Bovine and Human Carbonic Anhydrase in the Ultraviolet Region

1966 • 41 citations

Hydrogen Ion Equilibria of Human Carbonic Anhydrases B and C

1965 • 40 citations

Exposure of Tyrosine Residues in Protein. Reaction of Cyanuric Fluoride with Ribonuclease, α-Lactalbumin, and β-Lactoglobulin^*

1967 • 40 citations

Exposure of tyrosine residues in proteins. III. Reaction of cyanuric fluoride and N-acetylimidazole with ovalbumin, chymotrypsinogen, and trypsinogen

1969 • 39 citations

Fluorescence and the structure of proteins V. Ionization of tyrosyl residues

1965 • 38 citations

Side-Chain Cotton Effects of Ribonuclease^*

1966 • 38 citations

Changes in Physical Properties Accompanying the Interaction of Trypsin with Protein Inhibitors

1965 • 38 citations

Pi-, delta-, and gamma-chymotrypsin: three-dimensional electron-density and difference maps at 5 A resolution, and comparison with chymotrypsinogen.

1967 • 35 citations

Studies on Pyrocatechase

1969 • 34 citations

Triplet-triplet energy transfer in proteins as a criterion of proximity.

1968 • 34 citations

Spectrophotometric Titration of the Imidazole Groups of Bovine Pancreatic Ribonuclease^*

1965 • 33 citations

Rendements quantiques de fluorescence et durées de vie radiative de quelques solutés utilisés dans les scintillateurs liquides

1966 • 33 citations

The activation of chymotrypsinogen optical rotation studies

1965 • 33 citations

Evidence for Conformational Changes in α-Chymotrypsin Catalyzed Reactions. VII. Thermal Induced Reversible Changes of Conformation at pH 2.0

1963 • 32 citations

A Method for Distinguishing between Complete and Partial Exposure of Tryptophyls in Proteins

1965 • 32 citations

Noncovalent Binding of a Spin-Labeled Inhibitor to Ribonuclease

1969 • 31 citations

Molecular conformation of chymotrypsinogen and chymotrypsin by low-angle x-ray diffraction

1968 • 31 citations

Native and Unfolded States of Pepsinogen

1965 • 31 citations

Elucidation of the catalytic mechanism of carbonic anhydrase

1967 • 29 citations

States of amino acid residues in proteins VIII. Tyrosine, histidine and tryptophan residues in chymotrypsin in the presence of substrate and in diisopropylphosphoryl-chymotrypsin

1965 • 26 citations

Characterization of the difference spectrum of diisopropylphosphoryl-α-chymotrypsin versus α-chymotrypsin IV. The environment of tryptophyl residues

1963 • 26 citations

Studies of the chymotrypsinogen family. 3. The optical rotatory dispersion of alpha-chymotrypsin.

1965 • 23 citations

The Abnormal Carboxyl Groups of Ribonuclease. II. Positions in the Amino Acid Sequence^*

1965 • 22 citations

Ultraviolet spectral changes during chymotrypsinogen activation

1957 • 20 citations

Struktur und Wirkungsweise der Glutaminsäuredehydrogenase. I. Grösse und Gestalt der Glu-DH aus Rinderleber.

1963 • 20 citations

Potentiometric Titration and Conformational Change in Pepsinogen

1967 • 20 citations

The Spatial Location of Chromophoric Residues in L-Glutamate Dehydrogenase^*

1966 • 18 citations

The Role of Calcium in the Reactivation of Reduced Taka-amylase

1967 • 18 citations

Exposure of tyrosine residues in proteins. II. The reactions of cyanuric fluoride and N-acetylimidazole with pepsinogen, soybean trypsin inhibitor, and ovomucoid

1968 • 17 citations

Light and small angle X-ray scattering and biological macromolecules

1964 • 12 citations

Structural investigations on dehydrogenases by means of difference spectrophotometry

1965 • 12 citations

A TRIAL OF TRIMEPRAZINE IN ITCHING DERMATOSES.

1959 • 11 citations

Design and Performance of a Differential Spectrofluorometer

1970 • 9 citations

Phenolic Hydroxyl Ionization in Pepsinogen

1964 • 8 citations

Beta-forming protein chain in a globular enzyme, deoxyribonuclease I.

1966 • 6 citations

Description d'un appareil de diffusion centrale des rayons X destiné à la mesure des intensités à une échelle absolue

1963 • 5 citations

Spectrophotometric Studies on the Tyrosyl and Tryptophyl Groups of Carboxypeptidase A*

1963 • 4 citations