Retinoids in Photosensitive Systems

Cleavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4

1970 • 253,849 citations

Three-dimensional model of purple membrane obtained by electron microscopy

1975 • 2,259 citations

PARTICIPATION OF THE RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM IN THE ROD OUTER SEGMENT RENEWAL PROCESS

1969 • 1,156 citations

Effects of vitamin A and its analogs (retinoids) on normal and neoplastic cells

1980 • 1,094 citations

Bacteriorhodopsin and the purple membrane of halobacteria

1979 • 909 citations

The Molecular Basis of Visual Excitation

1968 • 813 citations

Bacteriorhodopsin and Related Pigments of Halobacteria

1982 • 767 citations

Halorhodopsin is a light-driven chloride pump.

1982 • 565 citations

Chemistry of Visual Adaptation in the Rat

1960 • 542 citations

The structure of bovine rhodopsin

1983 • 513 citations

The structural basis of the functioning of bacteriorhodopsin: An overview

1979 • 459 citations

Handbook of Sensory Physiology

1973 • 459 citations

Immunocytochemical localization of two retinoid-binding proteins in vertebrate retina.

1983 • 450 citations

CIS-TRANS ISOMERS OF VITAMIN A AND RETINENE IN THE RHODOPSIN SYSTEM

1952 • 422 citations

Amino acid sequence of bacteriorhodopsin.

1979 • 405 citations

Regulation of Retinol-binding Protein Metabolism by Vitamin A Status in the Rat

1972 • 335 citations

Kinetics of the Photocurrent of Retinal Rods

1972 • 334 citations

Tunable Laser Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Bacteriorhodopsin

1974 • 324 citations

An external point-charge model for wavelength regulation in visual pigments

1979 • 323 citations

Resonance Raman studies of the purple membrane

1977 • 315 citations

Population genetic studies of retinitis pigmentosa.

1980 • 298 citations

PLASMA RETINOL‐BINDING PROTEIN*

1980 • 280 citations

VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY AND NIGHT BLINDNESS

1958 • 266 citations

Resonance Raman spectra of bacteriorhodopsin's primary photoproduct: evidence for a distorted 13-cis retinal chromophore.

1982 • 262 citations

Retinoic acid-binding protein in rat tissue. Partial purification and comparison to rat tissue retinol-binding protein.

1975 • 262 citations

The photosensitivities of visual pigments in the presence of hydroxylamine

1968 • 240 citations

The bacteriorhodopsin gene.

1981 • 240 citations

Interactions of plasma retinol-binding protein with its receptor. Specific binding of bovine and human retinol-binding protein to pigment epithelium cells from bovine eyes.

1975 • 235 citations

The kinetics and mechanism of liver alcohol dehydrogenase with primary and secondary alcohols as substrates

1966 • 234 citations

In vitro uptake of vitamin A from the retinol-binding plasma protein to mucosal epithelial cells from the monkey's small intestine.

1976 • 227 citations

Rhodopsin carbohydrate. Structure of small oligosaccharides attached at two sites near the NH2 terminus.

1979 • 223 citations

The retinal pigment epithelium

1980 • 222 citations

In Vitro Binding of Retinol to Rat-Tissue Components

1973 • 217 citations

Vertebrate Photoreception

1979 • 213 citations

Biochemistry and physiology of visual pigments

1974 • 210 citations

Structure of the carbohydrate moieties of bovine rhodopsin.

1979 • 209 citations

Vitamin a transport between retina and pigment epithelium—an interstitial protein carrying endogenous retinol (interstitial retinol-binding protein)

1982 • 209 citations

Cellular retinol-binding protein from rat liver. Purification and characterization.

1978 • 207 citations

Identification of the endogenous retinoids associated with three cellular retinoid-binding proteins from bovine retina and retinal pigment epithelium.

1982 • 202 citations

VITAMIN A, CAROTENOIDS AND CELL FUNCTION

1965 • 198 citations

Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein from rat testis. Purification and characterization

1978 • 187 citations

Electron microscopic observations of human retinitis pigmentosa, dominantly inherited.

1974 • 182 citations

Transport of retinol from the blood to the retina: an autoradiographic study of the pigment epithelial cell surface receptor for plasma retinol-binding protein

1976 • 170 citations

Retinal degeneration in monkeys induced by deficiencies of vitamin E or A.

1974 • 170 citations

Vitamin A and the role of the pigment epithelium during bleaching and regeneration of rhodopsin in the frog eye

1976 • 166 citations

Retinal ultrastructure in advanced retinitis pigmentosa.

1977 • 161 citations

Site of attachment of 11-cis-retinal in bovine rhodopsin

1980 • 157 citations

Interphotoreceptor retinol-binding proteins: possible transport vehicles between compartments of the retina

1982 • 157 citations

Biochemical aspects of the visual process

1975 • 153 citations

Calcium modulation of cyclic GMP synthesis in rat visual cells

1982 • 153 citations

Metabolism of the Retina

1963 • 153 citations

The Adaptation of Visual Pigments to the Photic Environment

1972 • 152 citations

Conformational changes of bacteriorhodopsin detected by Fourier transform infrared difference spectroscopy

1981 • 148 citations

Site of attachment of retinal in bacteriorhodopsin.

1981 • 146 citations

Rhodopsin and Porphyropsin Fields In the Adult Bullfrog Retina

1971 • 145 citations

Retinol-binding proteins in bovine interphotoreceptor matrix

1982 • 144 citations

THE NEO-b ISOMER OF VITAMIN A AND RETINENE

1956 • 143 citations

Metabolism of retinol-binding protein and vitamin A during hypervitaminosis A in the rat

1975 • 141 citations

Sex-linked retinitis pigmentosa: ultrastructure of photoreceptors and pigment epithelium.

1979 • 140 citations

Nonbleachable rhodopsins retaining the full natural chromophore

1980 • 139 citations

The distribution and proportions of vitamin A compounds during the visual cycle in the rat

1974 • 126 citations

Retinoic acid: A binding protein in chick embryo metatarsal skin

1974 • 126 citations

THE ENZYMATIC ESTERIFICATION OF VITAMIN A

1958 • 125 citations

Visual pigment and photoreceptor sensitivity in the isolated skate retina.

1978 • 124 citations

Proteins and glycoproteins of the bovine interphotoreceptor matrix: Composition and fractionation

1982 • 124 citations

Interaction of the retinol/cellular retinol-binding protein complex with isolated nuclei and nuclear components.

1981 • 123 citations

THE PORPHYROPSIN VISUAL SYSTEM

1939 • 123 citations

Chapter 5 First Stage of Amplification in the Cyclic-Nucleotide Cascade of Vision

1981 • 121 citations

Deficiencies of vitamins E and A in the rat. Retinal damage and lipofuscin accumulation.

1980 • 121 citations

Vitamin A Deficiency Effect on Retina: Dependence on Light

1971 • 118 citations

Chapter 1 Rhodopsin chemistry, structure and topography

1982 • 115 citations

Cellular retinol-binding protein allows specific interaction of retinol with the nucleus in vitro.

1979 • 115 citations

Retinitis pigmentosa

1976 • 115 citations

Formation of retinoic acid from retinol in the rat

1967 • 113 citations

Proteins of the bovine interphotoreceptor matrix: Tissues of origin

1981 • 112 citations

Uptake of retinol and retinoic acid from serum retinol-binding protein by retinal pigment epithelial cells.

1977 • 110 citations

Protein configuration changes in the photolysis of rhodopsin II. The sequence of intermediates in thermal decay of cattle metarhodopsin in vitro

1966 • 110 citations

THE PHOTOISOMERIZATION OF RETINAL*

1970 • 104 citations

Calcium and cyclic GMP regulation of light-sensitive protein phosphorylation in frog photoreceptor membranes.

1982 • 102 citations

Cellular retinol- and retinoic acid-binding proteins of bovine retina. Purification and properties.

1978 • 98 citations

Purple membrane of halobacteria: a new light-energy converter

1980 • 95 citations

Pathways of retinol and retinoic acid metabolism in the rat

1967 • 95 citations

Night blindness revisited: from man to molecules. Proctor lecture.

1982 • 94 citations

Geometrical Isomerization of Vitamin A, Retinene and Retinene Oxime

1956 • 94 citations

Lysine 216 is a binding site of the retinyl moiety in bacteriorhodopsin

1981 • 91 citations

Retinyl palmitate hydrolase activity in normal rat liver.

1981 • 88 citations

Cellular retinol-binding protein

1975 • 88 citations

Chapter 14 Cyclic-Nucleotide Metabolism in Vertebrate Photoreceptors: A Remarkable Analogy and an Unraveling Enigma

1981 • 87 citations

Utilization of retinoids in the bullfrog retina.

1982 • 86 citations

Gain, speed and sensitivity of GTP binding vs PDE activation in visual excitation

1982 • 86 citations

Enzymatic Oxidation of Vitamin A Aldehyde to Vitamin A Acid

1962 • 84 citations

The Stereoisomerization of 11-cis-Retinal

1966 • 83 citations

Occurrence of a binding protein for 11-cis-retinal in retina.

1977 • 83 citations

Retinitis pigmentosa in abetalipoproteinemia: Effects of vitamin A.

1971 • 81 citations

Spontaneous Regeneration of Rhodopsin in the Isolated Rat Retina

1969 • 80 citations

Alpha-tocopherol in the retinal outer segment of bovine eyes

1970 • 80 citations

Formation and Utilization of 11-CIS Vitamin a by the Eye Tissues During Light and Dark Adaptation

1962 • 80 citations

Attachment site(s) of retinal in bacteriorhodopsin.

1981 • 79 citations

Rhodopsin and visual threshold in retinitis pigmentosa.

1978 • 78 citations

Rhodopsin photoproducts and rod sensitivity in the skate retina.

1977 • 77 citations

GEOMETRICAL ISOMERS OF RETINENE

1953 • 76 citations

THE ROLES OF VITAMIN E AND UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN THE VISUAL PROCESS

1982 • 76 citations

Storage, distribution and utilization of vitamins A in the eyes of adult amphibians and their tadpoles

1975 • 76 citations

Structural and biochemical changes in vitamin A--deficient rat retinas.

1979 • 76 citations

11-cis-Retinal-binding protein from bovine retina. Isolation and partial characterization.

1979 • 75 citations

The orientation of the chromophore of vertebrate rhodopsin in the “meta” intermediate states and the reversibility of the meta II-meta III transition

1979 • 73 citations

THE STABILITY OF RHODOPSIN AND OPSIN

1956 • 71 citations

Enzymatic esterification of vitamin a in the pigment epithelium of bovine retina

1980 • 70 citations

Nutritional and inherited blindness in the rat

1964 • 70 citations

Autoradiographic Localization of Serum Retinol-Binding Protein in Rat Testis*

1981 • 70 citations

STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL STUDIES OF VITAMIN A‐BINDING PROTEINS*

1981 • 69 citations

Dichroic microspectrophotometer: A computer-assisted, rapid, wavelength-scanning photometer for measuring linear dichroism in single cells*

1974 • 67 citations

Dark Isomerization of Retinals in the Presence of Phosphatidylethanolamine

1980 • 66 citations

Possible Involvement of Retinylidene Phospholipid in Photoisomerization of All-trans-Retinal to 11-cis-Retinal

1974 • 64 citations

Intramolecular energy transfer in rhodopsin

1967 • 64 citations

Metabolism of the Retina

1964 • 63 citations

Vitamin A in human eyes: amount, distribution, and composition.

1982 • 63 citations

Distribution of enzyme activities in subcellular fractions of bovine retina.

1976 • 61 citations

Absorption Properties, Interconversions, and Environmental Adaptation of Pigments from Fish Photoreceptors

1965 • 61 citations

Biochemical aspects of the visual process. XXX. Distribution of stereospecific retinol dehydrogenase activities in subcellular fractions of bovine retina and pigment epithelium

1975 • 61 citations

The rapid intermembraneous transfer of retinoids

1982 • 60 citations

Chapter 9 Control of Rod Disk Membrane Phosphodiesterase and a Model for Visual Transduction

1981 • 59 citations

Studies on the flash-photolysis of visual pigments-IV

1962 • 58 citations

Properties of the Chromophore Binding Site of Retinolbinding Protein from Human Plasma

1974 • 58 citations

The interphotoreceptor space

1973 • 58 citations

The site of attachment of retinal in bacteriorhodopsin. A resonance Raman study.

1982 • 57 citations

Hereditary retinal dystrophy in the rat: Rhodopsin, retinol, vitamin A deficiency

1975 • 57 citations

The identification of Lys₂₁₆ as the retinal binding residue in bacteriorhodopsin

1981 • 57 citations

A microspectrophotometric study of normal and artificial visual pigments in the photoreceptors ofXenopus laevis

1981 • 56 citations

Isolated Retinas Synthesize Visual Pigments from Retinol Congeners Delivered by Liposomes

1978 • 54 citations

The Catalytic Isomerization of All-trans-retinal to 9-cis-Retinal and 13-cis-Retinal

1973 • 53 citations

Rhodopsin Density and Visual Threshold in Retinitis Pigmentosa

1973 • 53 citations

Vitamin A utilization in human retinal pigment epithelial cells in vitro.

1983 • 52 citations

Autoradiographic and radiobiochemical studies on the incorporation of [6-3H]glucosamine into frog rhodopsin

1974 • 50 citations

Carbohydrate-chain analysis by lectin binding to mixtures of glycoproteins, separated by polyacrylamide slab-gel electrophoresis, with in situ chemical modifications

1983 • 50 citations

Simultaneous determination of cis-trans isomeric retinals by high-performance liquid chromatography

1977 • 50 citations

THE ROLES OF VITAMIN E AND UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN THE VISUAL PROCESS

1982 • 47 citations

Purification and properties of retinoic acid-binding protein from chick-embryo skin

1978 • 46 citations

The metabolism of vitamin A.

1967 • 46 citations

Vitamin A supply of the cornea

1980 • 46 citations

Kinetics of rhodopsin bleaching in the isolated human retina

1973 • 45 citations

Absorption spectra for the complexes formed from vitamin-A and beta-lactoglobulin

1979 • 45 citations

Scotopic visual pigment composition in the retinas and vitamins A in the pigment epithelium of the goldfish

1979 • 44 citations

Visual Adaptation: Effects of Externally Applied Retinal on the Light-Adapted, Isolated Skate Retina

1976 • 44 citations

GDP-mannose-polyprenyl phosphate mannosyltransferases of the retina.

1977 • 44 citations

Rhodopsin chromophore exchanges among opsin molecules in the dark.

1983 • 43 citations

Vitamin A storage and peroxisomes in retinal pigment epithelium and liver.

1977 • 43 citations

Rhodopsin regeneration in rod outer segments: Utilization of 11-cis retinal and retinol

1977 • 43 citations

On the Physiological Basis of Vitamin A-Stimulated Growth

1979 • 41 citations

Vitamin A receptors in normal and dystrophic human retina

1977 • 41 citations

Localization of cellular retinal-binding protein in bovine retina and retinal pigment epithelium, with a consideration of the pigment epithelium isolation technique.

1977 • 41 citations

Biochemical aspects of the visual process

1970 • 40 citations

Dynamics and function of vitamin A compounds in rat retina after a small bleach of rhodopsin

1974 • 39 citations

High-pressure liquid chromatography of fatty acid esters of retinol isomers. Analysis of retinyl esters stored in the eye.

1981 • 38 citations

The Eye and Inborn Errors of Metabolism

1976 • 38 citations

Der UV-Sehfarbstoff der Insekten: Photochemie in vitro und in vivo

1971 • 38 citations

Incorporation of [3H]vitamin A into rhodopsin in light- and dark-adapted frogs

1974 • 38 citations

PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF RETINOCHROME

1981 • 37 citations

Immunochemical comparison of vitamin A binding proteins of rat.

1979 • 37 citations

Utilization of exogenous retinol by frog pigment epithelium

1983 • 37 citations

Regeneration of rhodopsin in the albino rat

1957 • 37 citations

Visual pigments and vitamins A in the adult bullfrog

1980 • 36 citations

Gonadal cell surface receptor for plasma retinol-binding protein A method for its radioassay and studies on its level during spermatogenesis

1979 • 36 citations

Retinal-induced sensitization of light-adapted rabbit photoreceptors

1978 • 35 citations

Effects of light and darkness on the visual pigments of amphibian tadpoles

1974 • 35 citations

VITAMIN A RECEPTORS: MULTIPLE SPECIES IN RETINA AND BRAIN AND POSSIBLE COMPARTMENTALIZATION IN RETINAL PHOTORECEPTORS

1978 • 34 citations

Occurrence of 11-cis-retinal-binding protein restricted to the retina.

1977 • 33 citations

The relationship between visual sensitivity and rhodopsin density in retinitis pigmentosa.

1981 • 33 citations

Comparison of cytosol retinol binding proteins from bovine retina, dog liver, and rat liver.

1981 • 33 citations

11-cis vitamin A in dark-adapted rod outer segments is a probable source of prosthetic groups for rhodopsin biosynthesis

1976 • 32 citations

RETINOID‐BINDING PROTEINS IN PLASMA AND IN CELLS*

1981 • 30 citations

The Regeneration and Renewal of Visual Pigment in Vertebrates

1972 • 30 citations

Separable binding proteins for retinoic acid and retinol in bovine retina

1976 • 29 citations

NUTRITION AND RETINAL DEGENERATIONS

1982 • 28 citations

BLUE LIGHT AND THE REGENERATION OF HUMAN RHODOPSIN IN SITU

1957 • 28 citations

NUTRITION AND RETINAL DEGENERATIONS

1982 • 27 citations

Identification of a membrane protein binding the retinol in retinal pigment epithelium

1977 • 27 citations

Reconstitution of squid and cattle rhodospin by the use of metaretinochrome in their respective membranes

1982 • 27 citations

Ocular histopathologic changes in a case of a-beta-lipoproteinemia (Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome)

1969 • 27 citations

The carboxyl-terminal one-third of bovine rhodopsin: Its structure and function

1982 • 26 citations

Biochemical aspects of the visual process. XIX. Formation of isorhodopsin from photolyzed rhodopsin by bacterial action

1972 • 25 citations

Longitudinal restrictions of the binding site of opsin as measured with retinal isomers and analogs

1980 • 25 citations

Uptake of Tritiated Retinaldehyde by the Visual Pigment of Dark-adapted Rats

1969 • 25 citations

Synthesis and binding studies of a photoaffinity label for bovine rhodopsin

1982 • 23 citations

Changes in the tissues of guinea-pigs fed on a diet free from vitamin A but containing methyl retinoate

1967 • 22 citations

Eleven-CIS Vitamin A in the Treatment of Retinitis Pigmentosa

1968 • 22 citations

Nutritional Ophthalmology

1981 • 21 citations

9‐CIS, 11‐CIS‐RETINAL* FROM DIRECT IRRADIATION OF ALL‐TRANS‐RETINAL. NEW GEOMETRIC ISOMERS OF VITAMIN A AND CAROTENOIDS 9

1981 • 19 citations

The stability of 11-cis-retinal and reactivity toward nucleophiles

1974 • 19 citations

Photoisomerization of the chromophore in bacteriorhodopsin during the proton pumping photocycle

1981 • 19 citations

Chapter 17 The Regulation of Calcium in the Intact Retinal Rod: A Study of Light-Induced Calcium Release by the Outer Segment

1981 • 18 citations

Effect of pH on the formation and decay of the metarhodopsins of the frog.

1981 • 18 citations

Kinetics of Rhodopsin Regeneration in the Eye of the Frog

1964 • 18 citations

A smaller molecular weight retinol binding protein in rat testis seminiferous tubules

1974 • 17 citations

Identification and distribution of coated vesicles in the retinal pigment epithelium of man and rabbit.

1982 • 17 citations

Chapter 1 The Photocurrent and Dark Current of Retinal Rods

1981 • 15 citations

Existence of two forms of bathorhodopsins

1980 • 15 citations

Inherited retinal dystrophy in RCS rats: a deficiency in vitamin A esterification in pigment epithelium

1981 • 14 citations

Studies on the effects of bleaching amphibian rod pigments in situ

1978 • 14 citations

Selective loss of 11-cis vitamin A in an eye with hereditary chorioretinal degeneration similar to sector retinitis pigmentosa.

1982 • 13 citations

Dual pathways in the photolysis of rhodopsin: Studies using a direct chemical method

1981 • 13 citations

On the Colors of Visual Pigment Chromophores

1965 • 12 citations

SELECTIVE LOSS OF 11-CIS VITAMIN A IN AN EYE WITH HEREDITARY CHORIORETINAL DEGENERATION SIMILAR TO SECTOR RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA

1982 • 12 citations

Chapter 23 [Ca2+]i Modulation of Membrane Sodium Conductance in Rod Outer Segments

1981 • 10 citations

IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON CELLULAR VITAMIN A‐BINDING PROTEINS*

1981 • 10 citations

THE REGENERATION OF VISUAL PIGMENTS AND THE CHANGE OF ROD HYPERSENSITIVITY AFTER IRRADIATION BY BLEACHING LIGHT IN FROG RETINA

1980 • 10 citations

Serum levels of retinol-binding protein in different genetic types of retinitis pigmentosa.

1975 • 9 citations

Inhibition of rhodopsin regeneration in the bullfrog eye by metabolic inhibitors

1975 • 8 citations

Freeze-fracture observations of pigment epithelial cells of the frog retina

1979 • 6 citations

Retinol in retinitis pigmentosa: evidence that retinol is in normal concentration in serum and the retinol-binding protein complex displays unaltered fluorescence properties.

1974 • 6 citations