Parasite Antigens, Their Role in Protection, Diagnosis and Escape: The Leishmaniases

The Cell Biology of Macrophage Activation

1984 • 1,623 citations

Antigen-Presenting Function of the Macrophage

1984 • 1,164 citations

Mononuclear phagocytes in immunity, infection and pathology

1976 • 653 citations

Studies on the mechanism of phagocytosis. I. Requirements for circumferential attachment of particle-bound ligands to specific receptors on the macrophage plasma membrane.

1975 • 595 citations

The Regulatory Role of Macrophages in Antigenic Stimulation Part Two: Symbiotic Relationship between Lymphocytes and Macrophages

1981 • 518 citations

Identification of an Infective Stage of Leishmania Promastigotes

1984 • 498 citations

Receptors for C3b and C3bi promote phagocytosis but not the release of toxic oxygen from human phagocytes.

1983 • 495 citations

Identification of cell surface carbohydrate and antigenic changes between noninfective and infective developmental stages of Leishmania major promastigotes.

1985 • 338 citations

Immunological Phenomena in Leprosy and Related Diseases

1971 • 322 citations

Macrophage complement and lectin-like receptors bind Leishmania in the absence of serum.

1985 • 306 citations

The involvement of the major surface glycoprotein (gp63) of Leishmania promastigotes in attachment to macrophages.

1986 • 300 citations

Multiplication of a Human Parasite ( Leishmania donovani ) in Phagolysosomes of Hamster Macrophages in Vitro

1976 • 274 citations

Susceptibility of leishmania to oxygen intermediates and killing by normal macrophages

1981 • 267 citations

Fusion of Host Cell Secondary Lysosomes with the Parasitophorous Vacuoles ofLeishmania mexicana-inlected Macrophages

1975 • 266 citations

Mononuclear phagocytes: In immunity, infection, and pathology

1975 • 238 citations

The Leishmania receptor for macrophages is a lipid-containing glycoconjugate.

1985 • 235 citations

Regulation of Leishmania populations within the host. III. Mapping of the locus controlling susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis in the mouse.

1979 • 222 citations

MURINE CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS: DISEASE PATTERNS IN INTACT AND NUDE MICE OF VARIOUS GENOTYPES AND EXAMINATION OF SOME DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NORMAL AND INFECTED MACROPHAGES

1979 • 217 citations

Immunological regulation of experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. 1. Immunogenetic aspects of susceptibility to Leishmania tvopica in mice

1980 • 207 citations

Local opsonization by secreted macrophage complement components. Role of receptors for complement in uptake of zymosan.

1984 • 205 citations

Monoclonal antibodies that distinguish between New World species of Leishmania

1981 • 198 citations

Leishmania Donovani. Hamster macrophage interactions in vitro: cell entry, intracellular survival, and multiplication of amastigotes

1978 • 183 citations

Influence of H–2 complex on acquired resistance to Leishmania donovani infection in mice

1980 • 179 citations

Development of Infective Stage Leishmania Promastigotes within Phlebotomine Sand Flies

1985 • 176 citations

Cell-mediated immune response in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. II. Oxygen-dependent killing of intracellular Leishmania donovani amastigotes.

1982 • 173 citations

A study of the differential respiratory burst activity elicited by promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania donovani in murine resident peritoneal macrophages.

1984 • 164 citations

Immunologic regulation of experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. V. Characterization of effector and specific suppressor T cells.

1982 • 163 citations

Cutaneous leishmaniasis in anti-IgM-treated mice: enhanced resistance due to functional depletion of a B cell-dependent T cell involved in the suppressor pathway.

1984 • 153 citations

A field trial of a vaccine against American dermal leishmaniasis

1979 • 147 citations

Expression of the natural resistance gene Lsh in resident liver macrophages

1984 • 146 citations

Heterogeneity of mononuclear phagocytes

1982 • 141 citations

Leishmanial serotypes as distinguished by the gel diffusion of factors excreted in vitro and in vivo.

1972 • 128 citations

An amphipathic sulphated glycoconjugate of Leishmania: characterization with monoclonal antibodies.

1984 • 125 citations

Leishmania donovani: Surface membrane acid phosphatase activity of promastigotes

1981 • 124 citations

Biochemical taxonomy ofLeishmania

1974 • 124 citations

Growth cycle-dependent generation of complement-resistant Leishmania promastigotes.

1985 • 122 citations

Monoclonal antibodies to Leishmania tropica major: specificities and antigen location

1982 • 121 citations

Evidence that the major surface proteins of three Leishmania species are structurally related

1985 • 118 citations

Prophylactic immunization against experimental leishmaniasis: I. Protection induced in mice genetically vulnerable to fatal Leishmania tropica infection.

1982 • 118 citations

Leishmania in phlebotomid sandflies I. Modifications of the flagellum associated with attachment to the mid-gut and oesophageal valve of the sandfly

1974 • 109 citations

Biochemical taxonomy ofLeishmania

1974 • 109 citations

Leishmania

1964 • 109 citations

Monoclonal antibodies that distinguish subspecies of Leishmania braziliensis.

1982 • 107 citations

Proteinases ofLeishmania mexicanaand other flagellate protozoa

1982 • 106 citations

Activation of the alternative complement pathway by Leishmania promastigotes: parasite lysis and attachment to macrophages.

1984 • 106 citations

Stage-specific, strain-specific, and cross-reactive antigens of Leishmania species identified by monoclonal antibodies

1982 • 104 citations

Leishmanial phosphatase blocks neutrophil O-2 production.

1984 • 102 citations

The present and future of vaccination for cutaneous leishmaniasis.

1980 • 101 citations

Some methods for the enzymic characterization of Latin-American Leishmania with particular reference to Leishmania mexicana amazonensis and subspecies of Leishmania hertigi

1980 • 101 citations

Production and characterization of species-specific monoclonal antibodies against Leishmania donovani for immunodiagnosis.

1984 • 101 citations

The resistance of intracellularLeishmaniaparasites to digestion by lysosomal enzymes

1977 • 98 citations

Experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. 3. Effects of thymectomy on the course of infection of CBA mice with Leishmania tropica.

1972 • 97 citations

Surface antigens of Leishmania donovani promastigotes.

1983 • 96 citations

Heterogeneity of mononuclear phagocytes

1981 • 92 citations

Current status of the immunology of blood and tissue protozoa. I. Leishmania

1975 • 90 citations

Lectin Binding Saccharides on a Parasitic Protozoan

1974 • 84 citations

The use of DNA probes in the identification of leishmanias: discrimination between isolates of the Leishmania mexicana an L. Braziliensis complexes

1983 • 82 citations

Leishmania donovani-macrophage binding mediated by surface glycoproteins/antigens: Characterization in vitro by a radioisotopic assay

1981 • 79 citations

The Surface Membrane of Leishmania. I. The Effects of Lectins on Different Stages of Leishmania braziliensis

1975 • 72 citations

Experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. II. Effects of immunosuppression and antigenic competition on the course of infection with Leishmania enriettii in the guinea-pig.

1972 • 71 citations

Surface antigenic change during differentiation of a parasitic protozoan, Leishmania mexicana: Identification by monoclonal antibodies.

1982 • 71 citations

Monoclonal antibodies specific for Leishmania tropica. I. Characterization of antigens associated with stage- and species-specific determinants.

1983 • 70 citations

Leishmania donovani: Action of excreted factor on hydrolytic enzyme activity of macrophages from mice with genetically different resistance to infection

1980 • 70 citations

Tubulin Heterogeneity in the Trypanosome Crithidia fasciculata

1984 • 63 citations

Problems in Leishmaniasis Related to Immunology

1969 • 63 citations

Identification and characterization of protein antigens of Leishmania tropica isolates.

1981 • 63 citations

The in vitro Generation and Functional Analysis of Murine T Cell Populations and Clones Specific for a Protozoan Parasite, Leishmania tropica

1982 • 62 citations

Analysis of subpopulations of glass-adherent mouse skin cells controlling resistance/susceptibility to infection with Leishmania tropica, and correlation with the development of independent proliferative signals to Lyt-1+/Lyt-2+ T lymphocytes

1982 • 57 citations

Characterization of Leishmania spp. from Kuwait by isoenzyme electrophoresis

1978 • 55 citations

The role of the macrophage in cutaneous leishmaniasis.

1975 • 55 citations

Partial purification and characterization of particulate acid phosphatase of Leishmania donovani promastigotes

1982 • 54 citations

Biochemical identification of cutaneous leishmanias by analysis of kinetoplast DNA. II. Sequence homologies in Leishmania kDNA

1981 • 52 citations

Tubulin heterogeneity in the trypanosome Crithidia fasciculata.

1984 • 51 citations

Identification of cross-reactive promastigote cell surface antigens of some leishmanial stocks by 125I labeling and immunoprecipitation

1984 • 51 citations

A radioattenuated Leishmania major vaccine markedly increases the resistance of CBA mice to subsequent infection with Leishmania mexicana mexicana

1982 • 51 citations

The surface membrane chemistry of Leishmania: Its possible role in parasite sequestration and survival

1983 • 50 citations

Receptor-mediated entry of beta-glucuronidase into the parasitophorous vacuoles of macrophages infected with Leishmania mexicana amazonensis.

1983 • 49 citations

Stage-specific variations in lectin binding to Leishmania donovani

1984 • 47 citations

Investigations on Mediterranean kala azar. XI A study of leishmaniasis in Canea (Crete)

1938 • 46 citations

Cytopathology of parasitic disease

1984 • 46 citations

Leishmanial Excreted Factor: Protein-Bound and Free Forms from Promastigote Cultures of Leishmania tropica and Leishmania donovani

1979 • 45 citations

In vivo protection against Leishmania mexicana mediated by monoclonal antibodies.

1983 • 44 citations

Specific suppression of responses to Leishmania tropica by a cloned T-cell line

1983 • 43 citations

Leishmania mexicana mexicana: Attachment and Uptake of Promastigotes to and by Macrophages In Vitro1

1983 • 41 citations

Immunological responses of L. donovani infection in mice and significance of T cell in resistance to experimental leishmaniasis.

1980 • 40 citations

Cell surface origin of antigens shed by Leishmania donovani during growth in axenic culture

1982 • 40 citations

Leishmania: Chemotaxic Responses of Promastigotes and Macrophages In Vitro1

1983 • 40 citations

Isolation of a carbohydrate‐rich immunologically active factor from cultures of Leishmania tropica

1977 • 40 citations

The use of liposome-encapsulated drugs in leishmaniasis

1979 • 39 citations

Subspecies- and species-specific antigens of Leishmania mexicana characterized by monoclonal antibodies.

1985 • 39 citations

Mapping of the locus controlling susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis in the mouse.

1979 • 38 citations

Resistance to macrophage-mediated killing as a factor influencing the pathogenesis of chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis.

1983 • 37 citations

Radioiodination and identification of externally disposed membrane components of Leishmania tropica

1983 • 35 citations

Intracellular parasite killing induced by electron carriers. I. Effect of electron carriers on intracellular Leishmania spp. in macrophages from different genetic backgrounds

1984 • 35 citations

Cutaneous leishmaniasis: immune complex formation and necrosis in the acute phase.

1984 • 34 citations

Recognition of protozoan parasites by murine T lymphocytes. II. Role of the H-2 gene complex in interactions between antigen-presenting macrophages and Leishmania-immune T lymphocytes.

1981 • 34 citations

Leishmania tropica and Leishmania mexicana: Cross-immunity in mice

1978 • 33 citations

Mechanisms of survival of protozoan parasites in mononuclear phagocytes

1984 • 33 citations

In vitro parasite-monocyte interactions in human leishmaniasis. Evidence for an active role of the parasite in attachment.

1982 • 32 citations

Leishmania tropica: Surface antigens of intracellular and flagellate forms

1982 • 32 citations

Endocytic Uptake of Particles by Mononuclear Phagocytes and the Penetration of Obligate Intracellular Parasites *

1977 • 31 citations

Current status of the immunology of blood and tissue protozoa. I.

1975 • 31 citations

In Vivo and In Vitro Localization of Leishmania within Macrophage Phagolysosomes: Use of Colloidal Gold as a Lysosomal Label1

1981 • 31 citations

Leishmania mexicana: Inhibition and stimulation of phagosome—lysosome fusion in infected macrophages

1981 • 29 citations

Cytophilic and Opsonic Antibodies in Visceral Leishmaniasis in Mice

1980 • 28 citations

Biology of the Kinetoplastida. Vol. 2.

1979 • 25 citations

Intracellular parasite killing induced by electron carriers. II. Correlation between parasite killing and the induction of oxidative events in macrophages

1984 • 25 citations

Analysis by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of an immunologically active factor of Leishmania tropica from growth media, promastigotes, and infected macrophages

1979 • 25 citations

Attachment of Plasma Membrane Vesicles of Human Macrophages to Leishmania tropica Promastigotes

1983 • 24 citations

The macrophage and parasitic protozoa

1983 • 24 citations

Inhibition of In vitro Macrophage Digestion Capacity by Infection with Leishmania donovani (Protozoa: Kinetoplastida)

1981 • 23 citations

Cytopathology of parasitic disease

1984 • 23 citations

Monoclonal antibodies recognizing determinants specific for the promastigote stage of Leishmania mexicana

1982 • 22 citations

Identification of galactose as the immunodominant sugar of leishmanial excreted factor and subsequent labeling with galactose oxidase and sodium boro[3H]hydride

1982 • 22 citations

Recognition of Leishmania donovani antigens by murine T lymphocyte lines and clones. Species cross-reactivity, functional correlates of cell-mediated immunity, and antigen characterization.

1983 • 22 citations

Characterization of the exometabolite of Leishmaniadonovani as a novel glycopeptidophosphosphingolipid

1981 • 21 citations

Leishmania tropica: Biochemical aspects of promastigotes' attachment to macrophages in vitro

1981 • 21 citations

Interactions between macrophagelike cells and Leishmania braziliensis in vitro.

1982 • 20 citations

Cross-reacting surface antigens on Leishmania promastigotes

1983 • 16 citations

Cellular immunity to Leishmania donovani. II. Evidence for synergy between thymocytes and lymph node cells in reconstitution of acquired resistance to L. donovani in mice.

1974 • 16 citations

Adoptive transfer of delayed type hypersensitivity reactions specific for Leishmania major antigens to normal mice using murine T cell populations and clones generated in vitro.

1984 • 15 citations

Spectral Model of Leishmaniasis in Congenic Strains of Mice

1981 • 15 citations

Intracellular destruction of Leishmania donovani and Leishmania tropica amastigotes by activated macrophages: dissociation of these microbicidal effector activities in vitro.

1984 • 14 citations

Leishmania tropica: Protective response in C3H mice vaccinated with excreted factor crosslinked with the synthetic adjuvant, muramyl dipeptide

1984 • 13 citations

Differential inhibition by erythro-9-[3-(2-hydroxynonyl)]adenine of flagella-like and cilia-like movement of Leishmania promastigotes

1983 • 11 citations

Binding ofLeishmania promastigotes to macrophages

1983 • 11 citations

Experiments on the Transmission of Kala-Azar from Dogs to Hamsters by Chinese Sandflies.

1941 • 9 citations

Cellular Immunity to Leishmania Donovani

1974 • 7 citations

Murine T Lymphocyte Responses Specific for the Protozoan Parasites Leishmania tropica and Trypanosoma brucei

1982 • 2 citations

Introduction: Interaction between B and T Lymphocytes in Delayed Hypersensitivity

1973 • 1 citations