Photoreceptor signals and vision. Proctor lecture.

Improved patch-clamp techniques for high-resolution current recording from cells and cell-free membrane patches

1981 • 18,584 citations

Ionic channels of excitable membranes

1985 • 7,199 citations

Organization of the retina of the mudpuppy, Necturus maculosus. II. Intracellular recording.

1969 • 1,378 citations

Induction by cyclic GMP of cationic conductance in plasma membrane of retinal rod outer segment

1985 • 1,213 citations

Cyclic GMP Cascade of Vision

1986 • 1,168 citations

Responses of retinal rods to single photons.

1979 • 971 citations

Receptive fields of cones in the retina of the turtle

1971 • 835 citations

The Molecular Basis of Visual Excitation

1968 • 813 citations

Physiological and morphological identification of horizontal, bipolar and amacrine cells in goldfish retina

1970 • 692 citations

The photocurrent, noise and spectral sensitivity of rods of the monkey Macaca fascicularis.

1984 • 689 citations

Light- and GTP-regulated interaction of GTPase and other proteins with bovine photoreceptor membranes

1980 • 561 citations

Dark Current and Photocurrent in Retinal Rods

1970 • 555 citations

Changes in time scale and sensitivity in the ommatidia of Limulus

1964 • 523 citations

The electrical response of turtle cones to flashes and steps of light

1974 • 471 citations

Two components of electrical dark noise in toad retinal rod outer segments.

1980 • 462 citations

Detection and resolution of visual stimuli by turtle photoreceptors

1973 • 455 citations

Isolation and characterization of cGMP phosphodiesterase from bovine rod outer segments.

1979 • 448 citations

Increment thresholds at low intensities considered as signal/noise discriminations

1957 • 417 citations

Light-induced reduction of cytoplasmic free calcium in retinal rod outer segment

1985 • 381 citations

Light dependent phosphorylation of rhodopsin by ATP

1972 • 370 citations

Light‐induced binding of 48‐kDa protein to photoreceptor membranes is highly enhanced by phosphorylation of rhodopsin

1984 • 358 citations

Electrogenic Na–Ca exchange in retinal rod outer segment

1984 • 346 citations

Cyclic GMP-sensitive conductance of retinal rods consists of aqueous pores

1986 • 336 citations

Single cyclic GMP-activated channel activity in excised patches of rod outer segment membrane

1986 • 335 citations

Electrophysiological Study of the Mechanisms Subserving Color Coding in the Fish Retina

1965 • 335 citations

Kinetics of the Photocurrent of Retinal Rods

1972 • 334 citations

myo-inositol polyphosphate may be a messenger for visual excitation in Limulus photoreceptors

1984 • 310 citations

Effect of Magnesium on Horizontal Cell Activity in the Skate Retina

1973 • 301 citations

Light-induced resistance changes in single photoreceptors ofnecturus andgekko

1969 • 300 citations

THE ACTION OF LIGHT ON RHODOPSIN

1958 • 296 citations

The ionic selectivity and calcium dependence of the light‐sensitive pathway in toad rods.

1985 • 269 citations

Sensitivity of toad rods: Dependence on wave‐length and background illumination.

1976 • 264 citations

ATP mediates rapid reversal of cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase activation in visual receptor membranes

1980 • 251 citations

A voltage‐clamp study of the light response in solitary rods of the tiger salamander.

1979 • 241 citations

Cyclic GMP directly regulates a cation conductance in membranes of bovine rods by a cooperative mechanism.

1985 • 230 citations

The control of phosphodiesterase in rod disk membranes: Kinetics, possible mechanisms and significance for vision

1979 • 224 citations

The relation between intercellular coupling and electrical noise in turtle photoreceptors.

1976 • 218 citations

Ionic mechanism for the photoreceptor potential of the retina of Bufo marinus

1974 • 215 citations

Interaction of hydrolysis-resistant analogs of cyclic GMP with the phosphodiesterase and light-sensitive channel of retinal rod outer segments.

1985 • 211 citations

Millisecond activation of transducin in the cyclic nucleotide cascade of vision

1984 • 211 citations

A light-activated GTPase in vertebrate photoreceptors: Regulation of light-activated cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase

1977 • 208 citations

Cation selectivity of light-sensitive conductance in retinal rods

1984 • 205 citations

Synaptic Transmission between Photoreceptors and Horizontal Cells in the Turtle Retina

1974 • 191 citations

Carp horizontal cells in culture respond selectively to L-glutamate and its agonists.

1982 • 184 citations

Visual transduction in vertebrate rods and cones: A tale of two transmitters, calcium and cyclic GMP

1986 • 178 citations

The flicker fusion frequency of the blue‐sensitive mechanism of colour vision

1966 • 173 citations

Effect of ions on the light-sensitive current in retinal rods

1981 • 169 citations

The Scotopic Visibility Function

1949 • 162 citations

Microspectrophotometric demonstration of four classes of photoreceptor in an old world primate, Macaca fascicularis.

1980 • 161 citations

Uptake of aspartic and glutamic acid by photoreceptors in goldfish retina.

1981 • 155 citations

Dark and Light Adaptation: Psychophysics

1972 • 152 citations

Incorporation of calcium buffers into salamander retinal rods: a rejection of the calcium hypothesis of phototransduction.

1986 • 150 citations

Patch‐clamp recordings of the light‐sensitive dark noise in retinal rods from the lizard and frog.

1985 • 147 citations

Quantum Sensitivity of Rods in the Toad Retina

1975 • 146 citations

Evidence that cyclic GMP regulates membrane potential in rod photoreceptors

1979 • 144 citations

Temporal and spatial characteristics of the voltage response of rods in the retina of the snapping turtle

1980 • 144 citations

Control of the cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase of frog photoreceptor membranes.

1980 • 142 citations

Electrical properties of the rod syncytium in the retina of the turtle.

1976 • 135 citations

Guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate and the in vitro physiology of frog photoreceptor membranes.

1977 • 135 citations

Electrical and adaptive properties of rod photoreceptors in Bufo marinus. II. Effects of cyclic nucleotides and prostaglandins.

1977 • 133 citations

Electrical coupling between cones in turtle retina.

1979 • 131 citations

Effects on the photoresponse of calcium buffers and cyclic GMP incorporated into the cytoplasm of retinal rods

1985 • 125 citations

Functional characteristics of lateral interactions between rods in the retina of the snapping turtle.

1976 • 120 citations

A surprising property of electrical spread in the network of rods in the turtle's retina

1978 • 103 citations

Evidence for the identification of synaptic transmitters released by photoreceptors of the toad retina.

1983 • 102 citations

Cyclic GMP increases photocurrent and light sensitivity of retinal cones

1985 • 99 citations

Peroxidase uptake by photoreceptor terminals of the skate retina.

1976 • 97 citations

Permeability changes induced by L‐glutamate in solitary retinal horizontal cells isolated from Carassius auratus.

1985 • 94 citations

Effects of injections of calcium and EGTA into the outer segments of retinal rods of Bufo marinus

1977 • 90 citations

Synaptic Transmission from Photoreceptors to Bipolar and Horizontal Cells in the Carp Retina

1976 • 90 citations

Light adaptation in toad rods: requirement for an internal messenger which is not calcium.

1979 • 85 citations

Temporal modulation sensitivity of the blue mechanism: Measurements made without chromatic adaptation

1980 • 83 citations

The Stereoisomerization of 11-cis-Retinal

1966 • 83 citations

Color Vision, Deficiencies

1988 • 83 citations

Discontinuity of the Excitation Process in Locust Visual Cells

1965 • 82 citations

Spectral sensitivity of single cones in the retina of Macaca fascicularis

1984 • 76 citations

Ionic movements through light‐sensitive channels of toad rods.

1983 • 68 citations

Uptake of horseradish peroxidase by frog photoreceptor synapses in the dark and the light

1974 • 65 citations

Spread of the light response along the rod outer segment: An estimate from patch-clamp recordings

1986 • 61 citations

Transduction in vertebrate photoreceptors: the roles of cyclic GMP and calcium

1986 • 59 citations

Kinetics of light-sensitive channels in vertebrate photoreceptors

1985 • 57 citations

Transmission from photoreceptors to ganglion cells in turtle retina

1977 • 53 citations

Electrophysiology and Pharmacology of Different Components of Bioelectric Transducers

1965 • 43 citations

Plasma membrane calcium fluxes in intact rods are inconsistent with the "calcium hypothesis".

1986 • 41 citations

Ultrastructural Analysis of Functional Changes in the Synaptic Endings of Turtle Cone Cells

1976 • 37 citations

Light-Induced Changes in Photoreceptor Membrane Resistance and Potential in Gecko Retinas

1974 • 30 citations

Rod-cone independence in dark adaptation

1976 • 23 citations

Interactions among rods in the isolated retina of Bufo marinus.

1981 • 19 citations